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Cited by 834Sperm and Testicular FunctionAntioxidant Activity and Oxidative StressRedox biology and oxidative stress

Antioxidant Systems and Oxidative Stress in the Testes

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Aitken, R. John, Roman, Shaun D.·2008·Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity
DOI 10.4161/oxim.1.1.6843PMC PMC2715191
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Abstract

Spermatogenesis is an extremely active replicative process capable of generating approximately 1,000 sperm a second. The high rates of cell division inherent in this proccss simply correspondingly high rates of mitochondrial oxygen consumption by the germinal epirheliun. However, the poor vascularizarion of the testes means that oxygen tensions in this tissue are low and that competition for this vital element within the testes is extremely intense. Since both spermatogenesis and Leydig cell steroidogenesis are vunerable to oxidative stress, the low oxygen tension that characterizes this tissue may be an important component of the mechanisms by which the testes protects itself from free radical-mediated damage. In addition, the testes contain an elaborate array of antioxidant enzymes and free radical scavengers to ensure that the twin spermatogenic and steroidogenic functions of this organare are not impacted by oxidative stress. These antioxidant defence systems are of major importance because peroxidative damage is currently regarded as the single most important cause of imnpaired testicular function underpinning the pathological consequences of a wide range of conditions from testicular torsion to diabetes and xenobiotic exposure. This chapter sets out the specific nature of these antioxidant defence systems and also reviews the factors that have been found to impair their activity, precipitating a state of oxidative stress in the testes and impairing thetlatter's ability to produce viable spermatozoa capable of initiating and supporting embryonic development.

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  • Iron overload leads to oxidative stress that damages sperm DNA, making embryos non-viable.

    “Thus, iron overload leads to oxidative stress that damage sperm DNA, making the embryos non-viable (Aitken and Roman, 2008).”

    From Iron, Oxidative Stress and Health (2012) · cites this paper as Aitken and Roman, 2008

    The “Impact of xenobiotics” section links acute iron overload in male mice to oxidative stress and high embryonic loss after mating. It infers that sperm DNA damage made the embryos non-viable; the citing sentence presents this as a general, established effect of iron overload rather than an inference from a mouse experiment. No page number is available in the supplied passage. (LLM, conf=0.85)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Spermatogenesis is a very active process and about 1000 sperm are generated per second.

    “Spermatogenesis is a very active process and about 1000 sperm are generated per second (Aitken and Roman, 2008).”

    From Iron, Oxidative Stress and Health (2012) · cites this paper as Aitken and Roman, 2008

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Aitken, R. J., & Roman, S. D.
Affiliations
University of Newcastle Australia (AU)
Corresponding author
Aitken, R. John
ORCID
Venue
Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2008-01
Volume
1
Issue
1
Pages
15-24
ISSN
  • 1942-0994 (ISSN-L)
  • 1942-0900
DOI
10.4161/oxim.1.1.6843
PMC
PMC2715191
OpenAlex
W2072898133
Cited by
834
References
1
Citations by year
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FWCI
0.88
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
  • NOVA (University of Newcastle Australia) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Sperm and Testicular Function
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry › Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Redox biology and oxidative stress
Keywords
oxidative stress, testis, antioxidant defense, spermatogenesis, Leydig cells, steroidogenesis, free radicals, lipid peroxidation, mitochondrial oxygen consumption, low oxygen tension, testicular torsion, diabetes mellitus, xenobiotic exposure, semen quality
MeSH terms
Animals, Antioxidants, Humans, Male, Spermatozoa, Testis, Reactive Oxygen Species, Oxidative Stress

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