The Effect of Agoraphobia on Oxidative Stress in Panic Disorder
Open accessAbstract
We aimed to investigate whether agoraphobia (A) in panic disorder (PD) has any effects on oxidative and anti-oxidative parameters. We measured total antioxidant capacity (TAC), paraoxonase (PON), arylesterase (ARE) antioxidant and malondialdehyde (MDA) oxidant levels using blood samples from a total of 31 PD patients with A, 22 PD patients without A and 53 control group subjects. There was a significant difference between the TAC, PON, ARE and MDA levels of the three groups consisting of PD with A, PD without A and the control group. The two-way comparison to clarify the group creating the difference showed that the TAC, PON, and ARE antioxidants were significantly lower in the PD with A group compared to the control group while the MDA oxidant was significantly higher. There was no significant difference between the PD without A and control groups for TAC, PON, ARE and MDA levels. We clearly demonstrated that the oxidative stress and damage to the anti-oxidative mechanism are significantly higher in the PD group with A. These findings suggest that oxidative/anti-oxidative mechanisms may play a more important role on the pathogenesis of PB with A.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Increased oxidative damage occurs quite often in panic disorder.
“panic disorder (PD) [15, 16]”
From Oxidative Stress Implications in the Affective Disorders: Main Biomarkers, Animal Models Relevance, Genetic Perspectives, and Antioxidant Approaches (2016) · cites this paper as [16]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
American Psychiatric Association (2013) · doi:10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596 · Cited by 116,369 · see citing works
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
Williams, J. B. W., & First, M. B. (2013) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acrefore/9780199975839.013.104 · Cited by 109,841 · see citing works
Assay for lipid peroxides in animal tissues by thiobarbituric acid reaction
Ohkawa, H., Ohishi, N., & Yagi, K. (1979) · Analytical Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/0003-2697(79)90738-3 · Cited by 29,460 · see citing works
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition
(2013) · American Psychiatric Association Publishing eBooks · doi:10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596.893619 · Cited by 4,390 · see citing works
Comprehensive Textbook of Psychiatry
Freedman, A. M., & Kaplan, H. I. (1967) · The American Journal of the Medical Sciences · doi:10.1097/00000441-196712000-00052 · Cited by 3,825 · see citing works
Free Radicals, Antioxidants in Disease and Health
Department of Pharmacy, L. S. P. C. H., Pham-Huy, L. A., He, H., Department of Analytical Chemistry, C. P. U., Pham-Huyc, C., & Laboratory of Toxicology, F. O. P. (2008) · International Journal of Biomedical Science · doi:10.59566/ijbs.2008.4089 · Cited by 3,058 · see citing works
A novel automated method to measure total antioxidant response against potent free radical reactions
Erel, Ö. (2003) · Clinical Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2003.10.014 · Cited by 1,771 · see citing works
Kaplan & Sadock's Comprehensive Textbook of Psychiatry
Sadock, B. J., & Sadock, V. A. (2000) · Cited by 1,523 · see citing works
Betteridge, D. J. (2000) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/s0026-0495(00)80077-3 · Cited by 1,475 · see citing works
Oxidative stress in psychiatric disorders: evidence base and therapeutic implications
Ng, F., Berk, M., Dean, O., & Bush, A. I. (2008) · The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1017/s1461145707008401 · Cited by 1,069 · see citing works
Lipid peroxidation: Mechanisms, inhibition, and biological effects
Niki, E., Yoshida, Y., Saito, Y., & Noguchi, N. (2005) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.08.072 · Cited by 877 · see citing works
Halliwell, B. B. (1996) · Free Radical Research · doi:10.3109/10715769609145656 · Cited by 574 · see citing works
Natural Antioxidants in Human Health and Disease
(1994) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/c2009-0-03361-3 · Cited by 427 · see citing works
Machado‐Vieira, R., Andreazza, A. C., Viale, C. I., Zanatto, V. C., Ceresér, V. H., Vargas, R. D. S., Kapczinski, F. P., Portela, L. V., Souza, D. O., Salvador, M. M., et al. (2007) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2007.05.016 · Cited by 314 · see citing works
Wiley, & Fernández-Recio, J. (2001) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/047001590x · Cited by 311 · see citing works
Khan, M. M. (2002) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/s0920-9964(01)00334-6 · Cited by 300 · see citing works
Zhang, X., Tan, Y. L., Cao, L. Y., Wu, G. Y., Xu, Q., Shen, Y., & Zhou, D. F. (2005) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2005.10.011 · Cited by 262 · see citing works
Free Radicals and Other Reactive Species in Disease
Halliwell, B. B. (2005) · Encyclopedia of Life Sciences · doi:10.1038/npg.els.0003913 · Cited by 187 · see citing works
SAVAS, H. A., Gergerlioğlu, H. S., Armutçu, F., Herken, H., Yılmaz, H. R., Koçoğlu, E., Selek, S., Tutkun, H., Zoroğlu, S. S., & Akyol, Ö. (2006) · The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1080/15622970510029993 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
Free Radicals in Biology: Sources, Reactivities, and Roles in the Etiology of Human Diseases
Kehrer, J. P., & Smith, C. V. (1994) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-057168-3.50008-4 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Antioxidant Enzyme and Malondialdehyde Levels in Patients with Panic Disorder
Kuloğlu, M., Atmaca, M., Tezcan, E., Üstündağ, B., & Bulut, S. (2002) · Neuropsychobiology · doi:10.1159/000067810 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Effects of haloperidol on antioxidant defense system enzymes in schizophrenia
Yao, J. K., Reddy, R. D., McElhinny, L. G., & van Kammen, D. P. (1998) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/s0022-3956(98)00028-4 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Effect of Free Radicals & Antioxidants on Oxidative Stress: A Review
Shinde, A. V., Ganu, J. V., & Naik, P. (2012) · Journal of Dental and Allied Sciences · doi:10.4103/2277-4696.159144 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Malondialdehyde levels in adult attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
Bulut, M., Selek, S., Gergerlioğlu, H. S., SAVAS, H. A., Yılmaz, H. R., Yüce, M., & Ekici, G. (2007) · Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience · doi:10.1139/jpn.0744 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Herken, H., Akyol, Ö., Yılmaz, H. R., Tutkun, H., SAVAS, H. A., Özen, M. E., Kalenderoğlu, A., & Güleç, M. (2005) · Human Psychopharmacology Clinical and Experimental · doi:10.1002/hup.742 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Onset and recovery from panic disorder in the Baltimore Epidemiologic Catchment Area follow-up
Eaton, W. W., Anthony, J. C., Romanoski, A. J., Tien, A. Y., Gallo, J. J., Cai, G., Neufeld, K. J., Schlaepfer, T. E., Laugharne, J. D. E., & Chen, L.-S. (1998) · The British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.173.6.501 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Role of Oxidative and Antioxidative Parameters in Etiopathogenesis and Prognosis of Panic Disorder
Ersoy, M. A., Selek, S., Celik, H., Erel, O., Kaya, M. C., Savas, H. A., & Herken, H. (2008) · International Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1080/00207450701769026 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Pituitary volume in patients with panic disorder
Kartalcı, Ş., Doğan, M., Ünal, S., Özcan, C., Özdemir, S., & Atmaca, M. (2010) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2010.11.005 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
[Levels of adenosine deaminase and dipeptidyl peptidase IV in patients with panic disorder].
Yarpuz, A. Y., Yılmaz, A., Soykan, A., Elgün, S., & Kumbasar, H. (2008) · PubMed · Cited by 3 · see citing works
[Evaluation of regional cerebral blood flow changes in panic disorder with Tc99m-HMPAO SPECT].
Eren, İ., Tükel, R., Polat, A., Karaman, R., & Ünal, S. N. (2002) · PubMed · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Serbest radikaller ve lipid peroksidasyonu
Burçak, G. (1995) · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Balmus, I. M., Ciobica, A., Antioch, I., Dobrin, R., & Timofte, D. (2016) · Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity · doi:10.1155/2016/3975101 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
“In this way, one of these aspects is oxidative stress status, which seems to be implicated in most of the different affective disorders, since it has been shown that increased oxidative damage occurs quite often in depression [7–9], anxiety [9, 10], bipolar disorder (BD) [10–14], panic disorder (PD) [15, 16], and also…”
BackgroundAre Anxiety Disorders Associated with Accelerated Aging? A Focus on Neuroprogression
Perna, G., Iannone, G., Alciati, A., & Caldirola, D. (2015) · Neural Plasticity · doi:10.1155/2016/8457612 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Maes, M. H. J., Bonifácio, K. L., Morelli, N. R., Vargas, H. O., Moreira, E. G., Stoyanov, D., Barbosa, D. S., Carvalho, A. F., & Nunes, S. O. V. (2018) · Neurotoxicity Research · doi:10.1007/s12640-018-9906-2 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Association of Oxidative Stress with Psychiatric Disorders
Hassan, W., Noreen, H., Gomes, V. D. C., Mohammadzai, I., da Rocha, J. B. T., & Landeira-Fernández, J. (2016) · Current Pharmaceutical Design · doi:10.2174/1381612822666160307145931 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Romanenko, K. O., Kosakovskaya, I. V., & Romanenko, P. A. (2015) · International Journal on Algae · doi:10.1615/interjalgae.v17.i3.80 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Brazilin Treatment Produces Antidepressant- and Anxiolytic-Like Effects in Mice
Wang, X., Xiu, Z., Du, Y., Li, Y., Yang, J., Gao, Y., Li, F., Yin, X., & Shi, H. (2019) · Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin · doi:10.1248/bpb.b18-00882 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Thiol disulfide homeostasis in psychiatric disorders: A comprehensive review
Tunçay, M. E., Atagün, M. İ., & Erel, Ö. (2023) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2023.110719 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Romanenko, K. O. (2015) · Algologia · doi:10.15407/alg25.03.330 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Zelfand, E. (2020) · Integrative Medicine · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Oxidative Stress is a New Avenue for Treatment of Neuropsychiatric Disorders: Hype of Hope?
Negah, S. S., & Forouzanfar, F. (2023) · Current Molecular Medicine · doi:10.2174/1566524023666230904150907 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Thiol-disulphide homeostasis in patients with general anxiety disorder and panic disorder
Şahin, E. K. (2019) · Dusunen Adam The Journal of Psychiatry and Neurological Sciences · doi:10.14744/dajpns.2019.00042 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Thiol-Disulfide Homeostasis in Patients with Panic Disorder
Kulaksızoğlu, B., & Kulaksızoğlu, S. (2017) · International Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.4236/ijcm.2017.81004 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Franciscatto, I. L., Seibert, B. S., Dries, S. S., Linden, R., Ziulkoski, A. L., & Perassolo, M. S. (2023) · Drug and Chemical Toxicology · doi:10.1080/01480545.2023.2219039 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Moringa oleifera ameliorates oxidative damage caused by sodium valproate in the small intestine
Cöremen, M., Ertik, O., Magaji, U. F., Saçan, Ö., Bulan, Ö. K., & Yanardağ, R. (2026) · Archives of Physiology and Biochemistry · doi:10.1080/13813455.2025.2610475
- Authors
- Gul, I. G., Karlidag, R., Cumurcu, B. E., Turkoz, Y., Kartalci, S., Ozcan, A. C., & Erdemli, M. E.
- Affiliations
- Uskudar University, Department of Psychiatry, Istanbul, Turkey.
- Inonu University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Malatya, Turkey.
- Inonu University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Malatya, Turkey.
- Inonu University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Malatya, Turkey.
- Inonu University (TR)
- ORCID
- Erdemli, M. Erman
- Venue
- Psychiatry Investigation
- Publisher
- Korean Neuropsychiatric Association
- Published
- 2013
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 317
- ISSN
- 1738-3684 (ISSN-L)
- 1976-3026
- PMC
- PMC3902148
- OpenAlex
- W2049154791
- Cited by
- 14
- References
- 31
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2023: 3 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 3
- FWCI
- 0.28
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Psychiatry Investigation (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Inönü Üniversitesi
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry › Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Clinical Biochemistry › Paraoxonase enzyme and polymorphisms
- Keywords
- agoraphobia, panic disorder, oxidative stress, antioxidant capacity, paraoxonase, arylesterase, malondialdehyde, lipid peroxidation, pathogenesis
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
