The Reflective Practitioner
Open accessAbstract
A leading M.I.T. social scientist and consultant examines five professions - engineering, architecture, management, psychotherapy, and town planning - to show how professionals really go about solving problems. The best professionals, Donald Schön maintains, know more than they can put into words. To meet the challenges of their work, they rely less on formulas learned in graduate school than on the kind of improvisation learned in practice. This unarticulated, largely unexamined process is the subject of Schön's provocatively original book, an effort to show precisely how 'reflection-in-action' works and how this vital creativity might be fostered in future professionals.
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“Reflective thinking is often considered as a synonym of critical thinking; however, reflective thinking places a stronger emphasis on how students get involved in making decisions and expressing their own opinions about what has happened (Schön, 2017).”
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- Authors
- Schön, D. A.
- Corresponding author
- Schön, Donald A.
- Venue
- Routledge eBooks
- Publisher
- Routledge
- Published
- 2017-03-02
- OpenAlex
- W4241464738
- Cited by
- 1,740
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 433 · 2025: 352 · 2024: 185 · 2023: 130 · 2022: 112 · 2021: 49 · 2020: 73 · 2019: 51 · 2018: 26 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 25 · 2015: 20 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 22 · 2012: 18
- FWCI
- 68.39
- Type
- book
- Language
- en
- Open access
- Locations
- Routledge eBooks (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Education › Reflective Practices in Education
- Social Sciences › Human Factors and Ergonomics › Innovative Education and Learning Practices
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Mechanical Engineering › Design Education and Practice
- Keywords
- reflective practice, reflection-in-action, professional problem solving, professional creativity, engineering, architecture, management, psychotherapy, urban planning, professional education
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