The DOI matches its Crossref record; 1 of the 2 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Spatial Point Patterns and Processes
Abstract
This chapter reconsiders a well-known and long-established kind of archaeological dataset: the point pattern. Spatial distributions — in which simple points stand in for more complex entities such as artefacts or sites — have been an informal focus of archaeological attention for well over a century. For the last four decades or so, they have also received formal quantitative treatment, with techniques typically borrowed from neighbouring subject areas, even if archaeology poses its own distinctive challenges. In the last ten years, further major advances have been made that: (a) better foreground issues of spatial interaction, scale, directionality and process, (b) exploit the flexibility of computer-led simulation, and (c) attempt to model both exogenous influences on point intensity across a study area, and how points interact with one another (so-called first-and second-order properties). As a complement to other chapters in this volume, this contribution considers how we can not only calculate valid descriptions of archaeological point patterns over multiple spatial scales, but also simulate more complex models to understand how our observed patterns might have arisen. These methods have a very wide variety of potential archaeological applications.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
PPA allows researchers to investigate spatial relationships in Euclidean space between archaeological sites by simplifying them into unidimensional points.
“PPA allows researchers to investigate spatial relationships in Euclidean space between archaeological sites by simplifying them into unidimensional points”
From Points, patterns, and predictions in archaeological settlement data: site-environment relationships of paracas and nasca communities in the peruvian andes (2025) · cites this paper as Bevan, 2020
Point Pattern Analysis (PPA) has found relatively wide application in archaeology.
“it has found relatively wide application in archaeology (e.g., Bevan, 2020;Bevan and Wilson, 2013;Carrero-Pazos, 2018;”
From Points, patterns, and predictions in archaeological settlement data: site-environment relationships of paracas and nasca communities in the peruvian andes (2025) · cites this paper as Bevan, 2020
Citations
Cites
Interpreting Space: GIS and Archaeology. By K. M. S. Allen, S. W. Green, and E. B. W. Zubrow.
Davis, J. (1993) · American Journal of Archaeology · doi:10.2307/505664 · Cited by 151
Flagged first, then by citations
1 of the 2 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Spatial Information in Archaeology
Verhagen, P. (2023) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781119592112.ch57 · Cited by 45
Spatial risk assessment and the protection of cultural heritage in southern Tajikistan
Nebbia, M., Cilio, F., & Bobomulloev, B. (2021) · Journal of Cultural Heritage · doi:10.1016/j.culher.2021.01.012 · Cited by 35
Aksumite Settlement Patterns: Site Size Hierarchies and Spatial Clustering
Harrower, M. J., Mazzariello, J. C., D’Andrea, A. C., Nathan, S., Taddesse, H., Dumitru, I. A., Priebe, C. E., Zerue, K., Park, Y., & Gebreegziabher, G. (2022) · Journal of Archaeological Research · doi:10.1007/s10814-021-09172-2 · Cited by 16
Williams, R., Errickson, D., & Taylor, G. (2021) · Journal of Archaeological Science Reports · doi:10.1016/j.jasrep.2021.103109 · Cited by 15
Mapping archaeometallurgical data of the Iberian Copper Age: Different ways to look at a big picture
Perucchetti, L., Ruíz, I. M., & Bray, P. (2020) · Journal of Archaeological Science · doi:10.1016/j.jas.2020.105165 · Cited by 11
Fontana, G. (2024) · Archaeological Prospection · doi:10.1002/arp.1951 · Cited by 10
Li, Y., Li, Z., Wang, Y., Hao, Z., & Yu, C. (2025) · npj Heritage Science · doi:10.1038/s40494-025-01816-6 · Cited by 9
Zeviani, C., Bilotti, G., Simmons, C., & Stoddart, S. (2025) · Journal of Archaeological Science Reports · doi:10.1016/j.jasrep.2025.105052 · Cited by 8
Rodríguez, M. D., & Valcarce, R. F. (2021) · Journal of Archaeological Science Reports · doi:10.1016/j.jasrep.2021.103323 · Cited by 8
Information Divergences and Likelihood Ratios of Poisson Processes and Point Patterns
Leskelä, L. (2024) · IEEE Transactions on Information Theory · doi:10.1109/tit.2024.3472448 · Cited by 7
Hai, Z., Li, W., Bevan, A., Wang, H., Liang, F., Cao, Y., & Zhuang, Y. (2023) · Geoarchaeology · doi:10.1002/gea.21957 · Cited by 7
Self-citationRodríguez, M. D., Valcarce, R. F., & Albertí, A. P. (2023) · Journal of Archaeological Science Reports · doi:10.1016/j.jasrep.2023.104012 · Cited by 7
Aspectos da ocupação Sambaquieira e Guarani na Lagoa de Imaruí, litoral sul de Santa Catarina
Kozlowski, H. D. S., Kneip, A., & DeBlasis, P. (2022) · Revista de Arqueologia · doi:10.24885/sab.v35i2.994 · Cited by 7
Li, J., Zhu, C., Zheng, S., Chen, P., Sun, Y., Li, H., & Yang, L. (2025) · IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging · doi:10.1109/tmi.2025.3548872 · Cited by 6
Pažout, A., & Eisenberg, M. (2021) · Journal of Archaeological Science Reports · doi:10.1016/j.jasrep.2021.103066 · Cited by 6
The Archaeological Distribution of the Cuneiform Corpus
Rattenborg, R., Smidt, G. R., Johansson, C., Melin-Kronsell, N., & Nett, S. (2023) · Altorientalische Forschungen · doi:10.1515/aofo-2023-0014 · Cited by 5
The stratigraphic biography of an archaeological site. Timing depositional events
Andreaki, V., & Barceló, J. A. (2024) · Archaeometry · doi:10.1111/arcm.13049 · Cited by 5
La visibilidad como factor de localización en los megalitos del sur de Galicia
Carrero-Pazos, M. (2021) · Zephyrvs · doi:10.14201/zephyrus2021876381 · Cited by 5
Carrero-Pazos, M., Bustelo-Abuín, J., Barbeito-Pose, V., & Rodríguez-Rellán, C. (2020) · Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports · doi:10.1016/j.jasrep.2020.102351 · Cited by 4
Hatton, A., Breeze, P. S., Guagnin, M., Al‐Jibrin, F. H., Alsharekh, A., Petraglia, M. D., & Groucutt, H. S. (2024) · The Holocene · doi:10.1177/09596836241275010 · Cited by 4
Schirru, D., & Vanzetti, A. (2023) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0289023 · Cited by 4
Villaescusa, L., Baquedano, E., Martín-Perea, D. M., Márquez, B., Galindo-Pellicena, M. Á., Cobo‐Sánchez, L., Martínez, A. I. O., Huguet, R., Laplana, C., Ortega, M.-C., et al. (2026) · Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences · doi:10.1007/s12520-025-02382-5 · Cited by 3
Bilotti, G., Reindel, M., Isla, J., & Mader, C. (2025) · Journal of Archaeological Science · doi:10.1016/j.jas.2025.106385 · Cited by 2
Fontana, G., & de Neef, W. (2024) · Antiquity · doi:10.15184/aqy.2024.157 · Cited by 2
Bridging space and theory: trends in Czech spatial archaeology in the 21st century
Tkáč, P., & Kolář, J. (2025) · Journal of Archaeological Science Reports · doi:10.1016/j.jasrep.2025.105524 · Cited by 2
Spatial insights of the tumular phenomenon in Serra do Laboreiro region (NW Iberian Peninsula)
Silva, D. M. L. E., Carrero-Pazos, M., Lara-Piñera, F., Fonte, J., & Vilas-Estévez, B. (2026) · Journal of Archaeological Science Reports · doi:10.1016/j.jasrep.2026.105730 · Cited by 2
Rabuñal, J. R., Gómez-Puche, M., Polo‐Díaz, A., & de Pablo, J. F. (2023) · Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences · doi:10.1007/s12520-023-01805-5 · Cited by 2
Malatesta, E. H., & de Valeriola, S. (2024) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0307743 · Cited by 1
Zhang, X., Zhang, Y., Tan, L., Crema, E. R., Tian, Y., & Wang, Z. (2025) · Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences · doi:10.1007/s12520-024-02125-y · Cited by 1
Borehole water quality and health risks in rural communities: a consumer perceptive analysis
Sambo, T. D., Gololo, S. S., & Seeletse, S. M. (2025) · International Journal of Business Ecosystem and Strategy (2687-2293) · doi:10.36096/ijbes.v7i3.818 · Cited by 1
Hurtado, C. D. C., Hernández, J. Q., Arango, A. J., Rincón, H. A. L., Mendoza, J. A. A., Santamaría, A. C., & Martínez, C. A. R. (2025) · Journal of Maritime Archaeology · doi:10.1007/s11457-025-09479-x · Cited by 1
Predictive Modeling in Archaeology
Nebbia, M. (2023) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-90799-6.00142-7
Modelagens arqueológicas no litoral sul catarinense: sambaquianos na região da Lagoa de Imaruí
Kozlowski, H. D. S. (2023) · Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (Universidade de São Paulo) · doi:10.11606/t.71.2023.tde-18012024-102858
Teschendorff, M., Benjamín, J., & O’Leary, M. (2025) · Journal of Maritime Archaeology · doi:10.1007/s11457-025-09450-w
Continuity and Discontinuity in Artefact Distributions from Multi-Period Archaeological Sites
Oksanen, E., Bevan, A., & Carter, A. (2026) · Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory · doi:10.1007/s10816-026-09821-0
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Bevan, A.
- Venue
- Archaeological Spatial Analysis
- Publisher
- Routledge
- Published
- 2020-01-16
- Pages
- 60-76
- OpenAlex
- W2999025237
- Cited by
- 34
- References
- 2
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 2
- FWCI
- 21.70
- Type
- book chapter
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Routledge eBooks (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Applied Mathematics › Point processes and geometric inequalities
- Social Sciences › Archeology › Archaeological Research and Protection
- Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Spatial and Panel Data Analysis
- Keywords
- spatial point patterns, archaeological site distribution, spatial interaction, spatial scale, directionality, computer simulation, external factors, spatial processes
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review