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A Pragmatic View of Thematic Analysis
Open accessAbstract
Ethnographic interviews have become a commonly used qualitat ive methodology for collecting data (Aronson, 1992). Once the information is gathered, res earchers are faced with the decision on how to analyze the data. There are many ways to anal yze informants' talk about their experiences (Mahrer, 1988; Spradley, 1979; Taylor & Bogdan, 1984), a nd thematic analysis is one such way. Although thematic analysis has been described (Benner, 1985; Leininger, 1985; Taylor & Board, 1984), there is insufficient literature that outlines the pragmatic process of thematic analysis. This article attempts to outline the procedure for perform ing a thematic analysis.
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Cites
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Method
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“Second, we conducted thematic analysis to identify patterns across the data (29,30).”
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“All patient names are pseudonyms. we analyzed the data using a pragmatic approach based on thematic analysis (Aronson, 1994). we actively looked for recalled verbatim comments and themes that might indicate experience of personal identity or reflection on change in sense of self. we focused…”
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“Thematic analysis was used to identify patterns in the data by iteratively creating a node in NVivo for each new theme that emerged until no further themes could be found within the interviews [21].”
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“Following the suggestions of Patton (1990) and Aronson (1994), a thematic content analysis was undertaken on the 6 sets of notes.”
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“(TA) [5, 25, 26] to qualitatively analyze audio transcript data.”
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“The abductive approach complemented our constructivist paradigm because it facilitated the description and explanation of relationships across the data (Aronson 1995).”
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“5 We qualitatively analyzed the interview notes using thematic analysis [45] and grounded theory [46].”
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“The data were analysed using a thematic analysis (Aronson 1994).”
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“Data collection and analysis were concurrent.50 Data were examined using thematic analysis51 as described by Aronson.52 Initially, the data were collected via audio-tapes and transcribed.”
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“Our analytic approach is consistent with the adopted technique, whereby thematic analysis involves categorizing coded data based on patterns that are evident within the dataset and comparing such themes to the study purpose(s) and existing literature [ 19 ].”
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“Interviews were quantified using thematic analysis (Aronson, 1994), a keyword/concept index derived from analysis of the interviews.”
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“The taped interviews were fully transcribed by coding the data using a general, thematic content analysis as this facilitated associated meanings to the themes generated by the data ( Aronson, 1994”
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“Thematic content analysis of the interviews used the procedure outlined by Aronson (1994).”
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“The resulting coding frame helped to establish themes, describing sets of consistent practices in relation to food shopping (Aronson, 1994).”
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“We employed a twostaged coding process that was informed by thematic analysis and constant comparison (Aronson, 1995; Boeije, 2002).”
MethodBurkey, B. (2021) · Journal of Communication Inquiry · doi:10.1177/01968599211041112 · Cited by 20
“Certain patterns of discursive interpretation, explanation, and constructions of meaning emerged from the collected data that then allowed for the categorizing, organizing, and contextualizing of themes and preferred meanings through the thematic analysis phase (Aronson, 1994).”
BackgroundCancer survivorship needs in Brazil: Patient and family perspective
dos Santos, A. T. C., da Silva, R. P., de Almeida, L. M., Bosi, M. L., de Menezes, M. D. F. B., Skaba, M. M. V. F., Nigenda, G., Arruda, C. A. M., Pinheiro, C. P. O., González-Robledo, M. C., et al. (2020) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0239811 · Cited by 20
Mbah, M. F., & Fonchingong, C. C. (2019) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su11154244 · Cited by 24
“Audio recordings of the interviews were transcribed and analysed thematically [47,48].”
MethodSardana, D., Bamiatzi, V. C., & Zhu, Y. (2019) · Management and Organization Review · doi:10.1017/mor.2019.21 · Cited by 23
“Based on the above approach, we employed a ‘directed’ thematic approach for our data analysis (Aronson, 1995).”
MethodIt’s not fake, it’s biased: insights into morality of incentivized reviewers
Rynarzewska, A. I. (2019) · Journal of Consumer Marketing · doi:10.1108/jcm-02-2018-2570 · Cited by 27
Alami, H., Gagnon, M., & Fortin, J. (2018) · Journal of Participatory Medicine · doi:10.2196/10665 · Cited by 26
“We performed a pragmatic content thematic analysis of the interview data [35-37].”
BackgroundMethodAn exploration into the implications of the ‘compensation culture’ on construction safety
Oswald, D., Sherratt, F., Smith, S. D., & Dainty, A. (2018) · Safety Science · doi:10.1016/j.ssci.2018.06.009 · Cited by 20
“This approach allows the researcher(s) a ‘bird’s-eye view’ of emerging patterns that could be drawn out (Aronson, 1994).”
BackgroundThe role of ethics in data governance of large neuro-ICT projects
Stahl, B., Rainey, S., Harris, E., & Fothergill, B. (2018) · J. Am. Medical Informatics Assoc. · doi:10.1093/jamia/ocy040 · Cited by 20
“Once collected, the data governance documentation was analyzed using a thematic qualitative data analysis approach.(50,51) All documents were uploaded to our analysis tool (NVivo server, Table 1.”
MethodSnyder, J., Crooks, V. A., Johnston, R., Cerón, A., & Labonté, R. (2016) · Globalization and Health · doi:10.1186/s12992-016-0203-7 · Cited by 20
“Upon completion of data collection, a group of the lead investigators independently reviewed selected transcripts in order to identify emergent themes in preparation for thematic analysis, a technique that involves categorizing data into themes (units identified from patterns in the dataset) and contrasting these them…”
MethodGovernability assessment of the Galapagos Marine Reserve
Paladines, M. J. B., & Chuenpagdee, R. (2015) · MAST. Maritime studies/Maritime studies · doi:10.1186/s40152-015-0031-z · Cited by 20
Transleadership for Transdisciplinary Initiatives
McGregor, S., & Donnelly, G. (2014) · World Futures · doi:10.1080/02604027.2014.934625 · Cited by 20
“More to the point, a theme represents components or fragments of ideas or experiences that may be meaningless when viewed alone but have meaning when brought together (Aronson 1994; Owen 1984; Spradley 1979).”
BackgroundMental health nurses' views on therapeutic optimism.
Cleary, M., Horsfall, J., O'Hara-Aarons, M., & Hunt, G. (2012) · International Journal of Mental Health Nursing · doi:10.1111/j.1447-0349.2011.00805.x · Cited by 20
Video‐stimulated recall for mentoring in Omani schools
Wyatt, M., & Arnold, E. (2012) · International Journal of Mentoring and Coaching in Education · doi:10.1108/20466851211279475 · Cited by 26
“Analytical procedures were interactive with thematic analysis (Aronson, 1994)”
MethodHarmer, B. M., & Pauleen, D. (2012) · Behavior and Information Technology · doi:10.1080/0144929x.2010.489117 · Cited by 20
“narratives were transcribed and then subjected to thematic analysis to find strongly emphasised or recurring patterns and themes (Aronson, 1994).”
MethodShaw, J., Minoudis, P., Craissati, J., & Bannerman, A. (2012) · Personality and Mental Health · doi:10.1002/pmh.192 · Cited by 20
“The initial stage of analysis comprised an immersion in the data by reading and then re-reading the texts several times over in order to gain a sense of the participant’s collective experience (Aronson, 1994).”
BackgroundAmibor, P., & Ogunrotifa, A. B. (2012) · Global Journal of Health Science · doi:10.5539/gjhs.v4n3p1 · Cited by 19
Willner, P., Jahoda, A., Rose, J., Stenfert-Kroese, B., Hood, K., Townson, J., Nuttall, J., Gillespie, D., & Felce, D. (2011) · Trials · doi:10.1186/1745-6215-12-36 · Cited by 20
Media perceptions of public relations in New Zealand
Sterne, G. (2010) · doi:10.1108/13632541011017780 · Cited by 20
Evans, J. A., Butler, L., Etowa, J., Crawley, I., Rayson, D., & Bell, D. (2005) · Research and Theory for Nursing Practice · doi:10.1891/rtnp.2005.19.3.257 · Cited by 20
“Thematic analysis involves the search for and identification of common threads or patterns that extend throughout the data (Aronson, 1994; Morse & Field, 1995).”
Metadata
- Authors
- Aronson, J.
- Affiliations
- Nova Southeastern University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Aronson, Jodi
- Venue
- The Qualitative Report
- Publisher
- Nova Southeastern University
- Published
- 1995-04-01
- ISSN
- 1052-0147 (ISSN-L)
- 2160-3715
- OpenAlex
- W1557001362
- Cited by
- 1,758
- References
- 11
- Citations by year
- 2026: 19 · 2025: 47 · 2024: 56 · 2023: 60 · 2022: 82 · 2021: 78 · 2020: 132 · 2019: 94 · 2018: 105 · 2017: 88 · 2016: 107 · 2015: 106 · 2014: 108 · 2013: 120 · 2012: 122
- FWCI
- 4.71
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by-nc-sa
- Locations
- The Qualitative Report (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- NSUWorks (Nova Southeastern University) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Education › Qualitative Research Methods and Applications
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Qualitative Research Methods and Ethics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Focus Groups and Qualitative Methods
- Keywords
- thematic analysis, ethnographic interviews, qualitative data analysis, interview analysis, coding procedures
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