Qualitative Case Study Methodology: Study Design and Implementation for Novice Researchers
Open accessAbstract
Qualitative case study methodology provides tools for researchers to study complex phenomena within their contexts. When the approach is applied correctly, it becomes a valuable method for health science research to develop theory, evaluate programs, and develop interventions. The purpose of this paper is to guide the novice researcher in identifying the key elements for designing and implementing qualitative case study research projects. An overview of the types of case study designs is provided along with general recommendations for writing the research questions, developing propositions, determining the “case” under study, binding the case and a discussion of data sources and triangulation. To facilitate application of these principles, clear examples of research questions, study propositions and the different types of case study designs are provided.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
(1984) · Cited by 81,983 · see citing works
Qualitative Data Analysis: An Expanded Sourcebook
(1994) · Journal of Environmental Psychology · doi:10.1016/s0272-4944(05)80231-2 · Cited by 48,420 · see citing works
Lincoln, Y. S., Guba, E. G., & Pilotta, J. J. (1985) · International Journal of Intercultural Relations · doi:10.1016/0147-1767(85)90062-8 · Cited by 45,787 · see citing works
Case Study Research: Design and Methods
Chaiklin, H. (1991) · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/00005053-199102000-00025 · Cited by 39,631 · see citing works
(1990) · Cited by 24,217 · see citing works
Qualitative evaluation and research methods
Ellis, D. J. (1990) · International Journal of Information Management · doi:10.1016/0268-4012(90)90041-p · Cited by 17,942 · see citing works
The Art of Case Study Research
Johnson, K. E., & Stake, R. E. (1996) · Modern Language Journal · doi:10.2307/329758 · Cited by 15,830 · see citing works
Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches
Sloane-Seale, A. (2009) · Canadian Journal of University Continuing Education · doi:10.21225/d54s3d · Cited by 14,328 · see citing works
(1990) · Cited by 8,425 · see citing works
The art of case study research
Savolainen, R. (1996) · Library & Information Science Research · doi:10.1016/s0740-8188(96)90053-5 · Cited by 8,168 · see citing works
Qualitative research in health care: Analysing qualitative data
Pope, C. (2000) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.320.7227.114 · Cited by 8,131 · see citing works
Collecting and Interpreting Qualitative Materials
Denzin, N. K., & Lincoln, Y. S. (2012) · Cited by 5,977 · see citing works
Criteria for assessing the trustworthiness of naturalistic inquiries
Guba, E. G. (1981) · ECTJ · doi:10.1007/bf02766777 · Cited by 5,527 · see citing works
Rigor in Qualitative Research: The Assessment of Trustworthiness
Krefting, L. (1991) · American Journal of Occupational Therapy · doi:10.5014/ajot.45.3.214 · Cited by 4,174 · see citing works
Qualitative research in health care: Assessing quality in qualitative research
Mays, N. (2000) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.320.7226.50 · Cited by 3,742 · see citing works
The problem of rigor in qualitative research
Sandelowski, M. (1986) · Advances in Nursing Science · doi:10.1097/00012272-198604000-00005 · Cited by 2,772 · see citing works
Sandelowski, M. (1993) · Advances in Nursing Science · doi:10.1097/00012272-199312000-00002 · Cited by 1,303 · see citing works
Doing Case Study Research: A Practical Guide for Beginning Researchers
Hancock, D. R., & Algozzine, R. F. (2006) · Cited by 1,111 · see citing works
Qualitative Nursing Research: A Contemporary Dialogue
Morse, J. M. (1991) · Sage eBooks · doi:10.4135/9781483349015 · Cited by 1,002 · see citing works
Critical frames in educational research: Feminist and post‐structural perspectives
Lather, P. A. (1992) · Theory Into Practice · doi:10.1080/00405849209543529 · Cited by 609 · see citing works
Using Computers in Qualitative Research
(1994) · Social Science Computer Review · doi:10.1177/089443939401200221 · Cited by 591 · see citing works
Using Computers in Qualitative Research
Fielding, N., & Lee, R. M. (1991) · Open Research (University of Surrey) · Cited by 533 · see citing works
Pain after breast surgery: a survey of 282 women
Wallace, M. S., Wallace, A. M., Lee, J. J., & Dobke, M. K. (1996) · Pain · doi:10.1016/0304-3959(96)03064-3 · Cited by 436 · see citing works
Triangulation in Qualitative Research: Issues of Conceptual Clarity and Purpose
Knafl, K. A., & Breitmayer, B. J. (1991) · Sage eBooks · doi:10.4135/9781483349015.n26 · Cited by 246 · see citing works
Morrow, M., Scott, S. K., Menck, H. R., Mustoe, T. A., & Winchester, D. P. (2001) · Journal of the American College of Surgeons · doi:10.1016/s1072-7515(00)00747-x · Cited by 235 · see citing works
Hellström, I., Nolan, M., & Lundh, U. (2005) · Dementia · doi:10.1177/1471301205049188 · Cited by 198 · see citing works
Reasons Why Women Who Have Mastectomy Decide to Have or Not to Have Breast Reconstruction
Reaby, L. (1998) · Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery · doi:10.1097/00006534-199806000-00006 · Cited by 193 · see citing works
Luck, L., Jackson, D. W., & Usher, K. J. (2007) · Journal of Advanced Nursing · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2648.2007.04308.x · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Role Stress in the Professional Life of the School Music Teacher: A Collective Case Study
Scheib, J. W. (2003) · Journal of Research in Music Education · doi:10.2307/3345846 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
From filing cabinet to computer
(2002) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203413081-13 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Reasons Why Mastectomy Patients Do Not Have Breast Reconstruction
Handel, N., Silverstein, M. J., Waisman, E., & Waisman, J. R. (1990) · Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery · doi:10.1097/00006534-199012000-00012 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Reflecting on the Strategic Use of CAQDAS to Manage and Report on the Qualitative Research Process
Wickham, M., & Woods, M. (2015) · The Qualitative Report · doi:10.46743/2160-3715/2005.1827 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Innovative Community Services for Rape Victims: An Application of Multiple Case Study Methodology
Campbell, R., & Ahrens, C. E. (1998) · American Journal of Community Psychology · doi:10.1023/a:1022140921921 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
From filing cabinet to computer
Richards, L., & Richards, T. (2010) · Taylor & Francis eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203413081_chapter_8 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
An Observational Study of the Development of a Nurse-Patient Relationship
Lotzkar, M., & Bottorff, J. L. (2001) · Clinical Nursing Research · doi:10.1177/c10n3r5 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
How to critique qualitative research articles.
Forchuk, C., & Roberts, J. C. Q. (1993) · PubMed · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Geographic Variation in Postmastectomy Breast Reconstruction Rates
Polednak, A. P. (2000) · Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery · doi:10.1097/00006534-200008000-00008 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Factors that influence surgical choices in women with breast carcinoma
Staradub, V. L., Hsieh, Y., Clauson, J., Langerman, A. J., RADEMAKER, A. W., & Morrow, M. (2002) · Cancer · doi:10.1002/cncr.10824 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Coping with menstruation: understanding the needs of women with Parkinson's disease
Tolson, D., Fleming, V. E. M., & Schartau, E. (2002) · Journal of Advanced Nursing · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2648.2002.02408.x · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Reconstructive Breast Surgery: Referring Physician Knowledge and Learning Needs
Wanzel, K. R., Brown, M. H., Anastakis, D. J., & Regehr, G. (2002) · Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery · doi:10.1097/00006534-200211000-00008 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Analysing a Web‐based e‐commerce learning community: a case study in Brazil
Jóia, L. A. (2002) · Internet Research · doi:10.1108/10662240210438434 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
A Professional Code of Ethics Provides Guidance for Genetic Nursing Practice
Scanlon, C. (2000) · Nursing Ethics · doi:10.1177/096973300000700308 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Using Computers in Qualitative Research
Parker, D. (1998) · Society for Information Technology & Teacher Education International Conference · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Reasons Why Mastectomy Patients Do Not Have Breast Reconstruction
Handel, N., Silverstein, M. J., Waisman, E., Waisman, J. R., & Schain, W. S. (1990) · Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery · doi:10.1097/00006534-199012000-00013 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Baxter, P. E. (2003) · MacSphere (McMaster University) · doi:10.71548/8835 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
2 of the 47 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Research works printed but not linked: 3
- Baxter, P. (2000). An exploration of student decision making as experienced by second year baccalaureate nursing students in a surgical clinical setting. Unpublished master's thesis, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON.
- Baxter, P., & Rideout, L. (2006). Decision making of 2nd year baccalaureate nursing students. Journal of Nursing Education, 45(4), 121-128.
- Russell, C., Gregory, D., Ploeg, J., DiCenso, A., & Guyatt, G. (2005). Qualitative research. In A. DiCenso, G. Guyatt, & D. Ciliska (Eds.), Evidence-based nursing: A guide to clinical practice (pp. 120-135). St. Louis, MO: Elsevier Mosby.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Metodologi Penelitian KualitatifPreprint
Pahleviannur, M. R., Grave, A. D., Saputra, D. N., Mardianto, D., Sinthania, D., Hafrida, L., Bano, V. O., Susanto, E. E., Mahardhani, A. J., Amruddin, A., et al. (2022) · doi:10.31237/osf.io/jhxuw · Cited by 7,974 · see citing works
Memahami desain metode penelitian kualitatif
Fadli, M. R. (2021) · HUMANIKA · doi:10.21831/hum.v21i1.38075 · Cited by 1,843 · see citing works
Sovacool, B. K. (2014) · Energy Research & Social Science · doi:10.1016/j.erss.2014.02.003 · Cited by 1,295 · see citing works
Three Approaches to Case Study Methods in Education: Yin, Merriam, and Stake
Yazan, B. (2015) · The Qualitative Report · doi:10.46743/2160-3715/2015.2102 · Cited by 1,142 · see citing works
Nitel Araştırma Süreci: Nitel Bir Araştırma Nasıl Yapılır?
BALTACI, A. (2019) · Ahi Evran Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi · doi:10.31592/aeusbed.598299 · Cited by 993 · see citing works
Pham, N. T., Tučková, Z., & Jabbour, C. J. C. (2019) · Tourism Management · doi:10.1016/j.tourman.2018.12.008 · Cited by 922 · see citing works
Case Study Method: A Step-by-Step Guide for Business Researchers
Rashid, Y., Rashid, A., Warraich, M. A., Sabir, S. S., & Waseem, A. (2019) · International Journal of Qualitative Methods · doi:10.1177/1609406919862424 · Cited by 804 · see citing works
The role of digital technologies for the service transformation of industrial companies
Ardolino, M., Rapaccini, M., Saccani, N., Gaiardelli, P., Crespi, G., & Ruggeri, C. (2017) · International Journal of Production Research · doi:10.1080/00207543.2017.1324224 · Cited by 714 · see citing works
The theory contribution of case study research designs
Ridder, H. (2017) · BuR - Business Research · doi:10.1007/s40685-017-0045-z · Cited by 778 · see citing works
Education at a Glance 2021: OECD Indicators
OECD (2021) · Education at a Glance · doi:10.1787/b35a14e5-en · Cited by 836 · see citing works
Kopcha, T. J. (2012) · Computers & Education · doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2012.05.014 · Cited by 569 · see citing works
Single case studies vs. multiple case studies: A comparative study
Gustafsson, J. (2017) · KTH Publication Database DiVA (KTH Royal Institute of Technology) · Cited by 482 · see citing works
COVID-19 School Closure-Related Changes to the Professional Life of a K–12 Teacher
Kaden, U. (2020) · Education Sciences · doi:10.3390/educsci10060165 · Cited by 442 · see citing works
Coopetition-based business models: The case of Amazon.com
Ritala, P., Golnam, A., & Alain Wegmann, A. (2013) · Industrial Marketing Management · doi:10.1016/j.indmarman.2013.11.005 · Cited by 409 · see citing works
Planning Qualitative Research: Design and Decision Making for New Researchers
Tomaszewski, L., Zarestky, J., & González, E. (2020) · International Journal of Qualitative Methods · doi:10.1177/1609406920967174 · Cited by 407 · see citing works
Exploring memorable cultural tourism experiences
Seyfi, S., Hall, C., & Rasoolimanesh, S. (2020) · Journal of Heritage Tourism · doi:10.1080/1743873x.2019.1639717 · Cited by 279 · see citing works
Performing heritage: rethinking authenticity in tourism
Zhu, Y. (2012) · Annals of Tourism Research · doi:10.1016/j.annals.2012.04.003 · Cited by 327 · see citing works
Case study and analogue methodologies in climate change vulnerability research
Ford, J. D., Keskitalo, E. C. H., Smith, T., Pearce, T., Berrang‐Ford, L., Duerden, F., & Smit, B. E. (2010) · Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Climate Change · doi:10.1002/wcc.48 · Cited by 321 · see citing works
Process Tracing and Historical Explanation
Mahoney, J. (2015) · Security Studies · doi:10.1080/09636412.2015.1036610 · Cited by 296 · see citing works
Teaching Creativity in Engineering Courses
Daly, S. R., Mosyjowski, E. A., & Seifert, C. M. (2014) · Journal of Engineering Education · doi:10.1002/jee.20048 · Cited by 281 · see citing works
Darendeli, I. S., & Hill, T. L. (2015) · Journal of International Business Studies · doi:10.1057/jibs.2015.27 · Cited by 276 · see citing works
Scuotto, V., Ferraris, A., & Bresciani, S. (2016) · Business Process Management Journal · doi:10.1108/bpmj-05-2015-0074 · Cited by 275 · see citing works
Champions in context: which attributes matter for change efforts in healthcare?
Bonawitz, K., Wetmore, M. K., Heisler, M., Dalton, V. K., Damschroder, L. J., Forman, J. H., Allan, K. R., & Moniz, M. H. (2020) · Implementation Science · doi:10.1186/s13012-020-01024-9 · Cited by 253 · see citing works
Green banking initiatives: a qualitative study on Indian banking sector
Sharma, M., & Choubey, A. (2021) · Environment Development and Sustainability · doi:10.1007/s10668-021-01426-9 · Cited by 308 · see citing works
Big Data Analytics and IoT in logistics: a case study
Hopkins, J., & Hawking, P. (2018) · The International Journal of Logistics Management · doi:10.1108/ijlm-05-2017-0109 · Cited by 244 · see citing works
Menggunakan Studi Kasus sebagai Metode Ilmiah dalam Psikologi
Prihatsanti, U., Suryanto, S., & Hendriani, W. (2018) · Buletin Psikologi · doi:10.22146/buletinpsikologi.38895 · Cited by 239 · see citing works
Bereczki, E. O., & Kárpáti, A. (2021) · Thinking Skills and Creativity · doi:10.1016/j.tsc.2021.100791 · Cited by 237 · see citing works
Bischoff, K., Volkmann, C. K., & Audretsch, D. B. (2017) · The Journal of Technology Transfer · doi:10.1007/s10961-017-9581-0 · Cited by 235 · see citing works
A guideline to improve qualitative social science publishing in ecology and conservation journals
Moon, K., Brewer, T., Januchowski-Hartley, S. R., Adams, V. M., & Blackman, D. A. (2016) · Ecology and Society · doi:10.5751/es-08663-210317 · Cited by 234 · see citing works
Validity in Qualitative Research: A Processual Approach
Hayashi, P., Abib, G., & Hoppen, N. (2019) · The Qualitative Report · doi:10.46743/2160-3715/2019.3443 · Cited by 222 · see citing works
Digital product passports for a circular economy: Data needs for product life cycle decision-making
Jensen, S. F., Kristensen, J. H., Adamsen, S., Christensen, A., & Waehrens, B. V. (2023) · Sustainable Production and Consumption · doi:10.1016/j.spc.2023.02.021 · Cited by 251 · see citing works
Conceptualizing and investigating instructor presence in online learning environments
Richardson, J. C., Koehler, A. A., Besser, E. D., Caskurlu, S., Lim, J., & Mueller, C. M. (2015) · The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning · doi:10.19173/irrodl.v16i3.2123 · Cited by 217 · see citing works
Karlsson, M., Mukhtar‐Landgren, D., Smith, G., Koglin, T., Kronsell, A., Lund, E., Sarasini, S., & Sochor, J. (2019) · Transportation Research Part A Policy and Practice · doi:10.1016/j.tra.2019.09.028 · Cited by 217 · see citing works
‘Silk Road’, the virtual drug marketplace: A single case study of user experiences
Hout, M. C. V., & Bingham, T. (2013) · International Journal of Drug Policy · doi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2013.01.005 · Cited by 214 · see citing works
Momin, M. A., & Parker, L. D. (2013) · The British Accounting Review · doi:10.1016/j.bar.2013.06.007 · Cited by 209 · see citing works
Post-hoc vs ante-hoc explanations: xAI design guidelines for data scientists
Retzlaff, C. O., Angerschmid, A., Saranti, A., Schneeberger, D. M., Röttger, R., Müller, H., & Holzinger, A. (2024) · Cognitive Systems Research · doi:10.1016/j.cogsys.2024.101243 · Cited by 206 · see citing works
Organization of knowledge ecosystems: Prefigurative and partial forms
Järvi, K., Almpanopoulou, A., & Ritala, P. (2018) · Research Policy · doi:10.1016/j.respol.2018.05.007 · Cited by 199 · see citing works
Building resilience in SMEs of perishable product supply chains: enablers, barriers and risks
Ali, I., Nagalingam, S. V., & Gurd, B. W. (2017) · Production Planning & Control · doi:10.1080/09537287.2017.1362487 · Cited by 191 · see citing works
“Enabling circular business models in the fashion industry: the role of digital innovation”
Evertsen, P. H. (2021) · International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management · doi:10.1108/ijppm-12-2020-0683 · Cited by 188 · see citing works
Morgan, S. J., Pullon, S. R. H., Macdonald, L., McKinlay, E. M., & Gray, B. V. (2016) · Qualitative Health Research · doi:10.1177/1049732316649160 · Cited by 187 · see citing works
How to Conduct a Mini-Ethnographic Case Study: A Guide for Novice Researchers
Fusch, P. I., Fusch, G. E., & Ness, L. (2017) · The Qualitative Report · doi:10.46743/2160-3715/2017.2580 · Cited by 197 · see citing works
Data management for production quality deep learning models: Challenges and solutions
Munappy, A. R., Bosch, J., Olsson, H. H., Arpteg, A., & Brinne, B. (2022) · Journal of Systems and Software · doi:10.1016/j.jss.2022.111359 · Cited by 192 · see citing works
Herlin, H. (2013) · Business & Society · doi:10.1177/0007650312472609 · Cited by 179 · see citing works
Novice Programmers and Introductory Programming
Robins, A. V. (2019) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108654555.013 · Cited by 183 · see citing works
Markula, A., & Aksela, M. (2022) · Disciplinary and Interdisciplinary Science Education Research · doi:10.1186/s43031-021-00042-x · Cited by 264 · see citing works
Growth hacking: Insights on data-driven decision-making from three firms
Troisi, O., Maione, G., Grimaldi, M., & Loia, F. (2019) · Industrial Marketing Management · doi:10.1016/j.indmarman.2019.08.005 · Cited by 191 · see citing works
Singh, D., Negin, J., Otim, M. E., Orach, C. G., & Cumming, R. G. (2015) · Human Resources for Health · doi:10.1186/s12960-015-0051-1 · Cited by 174 · see citing works
Reddick, C. G., Chatfield, A. T., & Ojo, A. (2016) · Government Information Quarterly · doi:10.1016/j.giq.2016.11.001 · Cited by 174 · see citing works
Simulations in Entrepreneurship Education: Serious Games and Learning Through Play
Fox, J., Pittaway, L., & Uzuegbunam, I. S.-P. (2018) · Entrepreneurship Education and Pedagogy · doi:10.1177/2515127417737285 · Cited by 174 · see citing works
Organizing coopetition for innovation: The case of wireless telecommunication sector in Europe
Yami, S., & Nemeh, A. (2013) · Industrial Marketing Management · doi:10.1016/j.indmarman.2013.11.006 · Cited by 168 · see citing works
Digital engagement strategies and tactics in social media marketing
Drummond, C., O'Toole, T., & McGrath, H. (2020) · European Journal of Marketing · doi:10.1108/ejm-02-2019-0183 · Cited by 201 · see citing works
Case Study as a Choice in Qualitative Methodology
Njie, B., & Asimiran, S. (2014) · IOSR Journal of Research & Method in Education (IOSRJRME) · doi:10.9790/7388-04313540 · Cited by 163 · see citing works
Joshi, G., & Dhar, R. L. (2020) · Journal of Cleaner Production · doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.121948 · Cited by 162 · see citing works
Cantú, A., Aguiñaga, E., & Scheel, C. (2021) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su13031529 · Cited by 161 · see citing works
Describing Populations and Samples in Doctoral Student Research
Casteel, A., & Bridier, N. (2021) · International journal of doctoral studies · doi:10.28945/4766 · Cited by 173 · see citing works
The impact of social media on resource mobilisation in entrepreneurial firms
Drummond, C., McGrath, H., & O'Toole, T. (2017) · Industrial Marketing Management · doi:10.1016/j.indmarman.2017.05.009 · Cited by 155 · see citing works
Application of GIS technology in public health: successes and challenges
Fletcher, S., & Caprarelli, G. (2016) · Parasitology · doi:10.1017/s0031182015001869 · Cited by 159 · see citing works
Individual competencies for managers engaged in corporate sustainable management practices
Wesselink, R., Blok, V., van Leur, S., Lans, T., & Dentoni, D. (2014) · Journal of Cleaner Production · doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2014.10.093 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
Role of knowledge infrastructure capabilities in knowledge management
Pandey, S. C., & Dutta, A. (2013) · Journal of Knowledge Management · doi:10.1108/jkm-11-2012-0365 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
Urban land use efficiency in Ethiopia: An assessment of urban land use sustainability in Addis Ababa
Koroso, N. H., Zevenbergen, J. A., & Lengoiboni, M. (2020) · Land Use Policy · doi:10.1016/j.landusepol.2020.105081 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
Equity/Equality, Diversity, and Inclusion (EDI) in Universities: The Case of Disabled People
Wolbring, G., & Lillywhite, A. (2021) · Societies · doi:10.3390/soc11020049 · Cited by 147 · see citing works
Rhee, H. T., & Yang, S. (2015) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2015.02.069 · Cited by 148 · see citing works
Leigh, M., & Li, X. (2014) · Journal of Cleaner Production · doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2014.09.022 · Cited by 146 · see citing works
Zaid, B., Fedtke, J., Shin, D., Kadoussi, A. E., & Ibahrine, M. (2022) · Religions · doi:10.3390/rel13040335 · Cited by 146 · see citing works
Baruch, A., May, A. J., & Yu, D. (2016) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2016.07.039 · Cited by 145 · see citing works
Osei‐Kyei, R., & Chan, A. P. C. (2016) · International Journal of Construction Management · doi:10.1080/15623599.2016.1207865 · Cited by 144 · see citing works
Bradbury-Jones, C., Breckenridge, J. P., Clark, M., Herber, O., Wagstaff, C., & Taylor, J. C. (2017) · International Journal of Social Research Methodology · doi:10.1080/13645579.2016.1270583 · Cited by 130 · see citing works
How to foster shared innovation within SMEs' networks: Social capital and the role of intermediaries
Landart, C. I., Amonarriz, C. A., & Narvaiza, L. (2014) · European Management Journal · doi:10.1016/j.emj.2014.09.003 · Cited by 141 · see citing works
de Oliveira, L. C., & Lan, S.-W. (2014) · Journal of Second Language Writing · doi:10.1016/j.jslw.2014.05.001 · Cited by 138 · see citing works
Tsikata, D., & Yaro, J. A. (2013) · Feminist Economics · doi:10.1080/13545701.2013.866261 · Cited by 138 · see citing works
Almusawi, H. A., DURUGBO, C. M., & Bugawa, A. M. (2021) · Computers & Education · doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2021.104185 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Synergetic effect of lean and green on innovation: A resource-based perspective
Kumar, M., & Rodrigues, V. S. (2018) · International Journal of Production Economics · doi:10.1016/j.ijpe.2018.04.007 · Cited by 135 · see citing works
Osei‐Kyei, R., & Chan, A. P. C. (2015) · Transport Reviews · doi:10.1080/01441647.2015.1077288 · Cited by 134 · see citing works
Education of sustainable development goals through students’ active engagement
Cottafava, D., Cavaglià, G., & Corazza, L. (2019) · Sustainability Accounting Management and Policy Journal · doi:10.1108/sampj-05-2018-0152 · Cited by 151 · see citing works
McCardle, L., & Hadwin, A. F. (2015) · Metacognition and Learning · doi:10.1007/s11409-014-9132-0 · Cited by 133 · see citing works
Stolper, M., Molewijk, B. C., & Widdershoven, G. A. M. (2016) · BMC Medical Ethics · doi:10.1186/s12910-016-0125-1 · Cited by 131 · see citing works
Data Management Challenges for Deep Learning
Munappy, A. R., Bosch, J., Olsson, H. H., Arpteg, A., & Brinne, B. (2019) · Euromicro Conference on Software Engineering and Advanced Applications (SEAA) · doi:10.1109/seaa.2019.00030 · Cited by 130 · see citing works
Transition towards a circular economy at a regional level: A case study on closing biological loops
Vanhamäki, S., Virtanen, M., Luste, S., & Manskinen, K. (2020) · Resources Conservation and Recycling · doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2020.104716 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
Identifying public‐private partnership (PPP) risks in managing water supply projects in Ghana
Ameyaw, E. E., & Chan, A. P. C. (2013) · Journal of Facilities Management · doi:10.1108/14725961311314651 · Cited by 128 · see citing works
Emerging needs of social innovators and social innovation ecosystems
Audretsch, D. B., Eichler, G. M., & Schwarz, E. J. (2021) · International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal · doi:10.1007/s11365-021-00789-9 · Cited by 145 · see citing works
Mok, K. Y., Shen, Q., Yang, R. J., & Li, C. Z. (2016) · International Journal of Project Management · doi:10.1016/j.ijproman.2016.10.017 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
The Cambridge Handbook of Computing Education Research
(2019) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108654555 · Cited by 130 · see citing works
Public–private innovation: barriers in the case of mobility as a service in West Sweden
Smith, G., Sochor, J., & Karlsson, M. (2018) · Public Management Review · doi:10.1080/14719037.2018.1462399 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Gupta, S., Modgil, S., Kumar, A., Sivarajah, U., & Irani, Z. (2022) · International Journal of Production Economics · doi:10.1016/j.ijpe.2022.108642 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Patterns in Award Winning Data Storytelling
Ojo, A., & Heravi, B. R. (2017) · Digital Journalism · doi:10.1080/21670811.2017.1403291 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Borah, D. J., Malik, K., & Massini, S. (2020) · Research Policy · doi:10.1016/j.respol.2020.104172 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Folker, A. P., Mathiasen, K., Lauridsen, S. M., Stenderup, E., Dozeman, E., & Folker, M. P. (2018) · Internet Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.invent.2018.02.001 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Edwards, S. (2015) · Technology Pedagogy and Education · doi:10.1080/1475939x.2015.1108929 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
Coding, sorting and sifting of qualitative data analysis: debates and discussion
Chowdhury, M. F. (2014) · Quality & Quantity · doi:10.1007/s11135-014-0039-2 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Qualitative research essentials for medical education
Cristancho, S., Goldszmidt, M. A., Lingard, L. A., & Watling, C. (2018) · Singapore Medical Journal · doi:10.11622/smedj.2018093 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Hospital Strategies for Reducing Emergency Department Crowding: A Mixed-Methods Study
Chang, A. M., Cohen, D. J., Lin, A. L., Augustine, J. J., Handel, D. A., Howell, E. E., Kim, H., Pines, J. M., Schuur, J. D., McConnell, K. J., et al. (2017) · Annals of Emergency Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.annemergmed.2017.07.022 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
Cook, J., Ecker, U. K. H., Trecek-King, M. I., Schade, G., Jeffers-Tracy, K., Fessmann, J., Kim, S., Kinkead, D., Orr, M., Vraga, E., et al. (2022) · Environmental Education Research · doi:10.1080/13504622.2022.2085671 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Exploring ward nurses' perceptions of continuing education in clinical settings
Govranos, M., & Newton, J. (2013) · Nurse Education Today · doi:10.1016/j.nedt.2013.07.003 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
Circular business models in the European manufacturing industry: A multiple case study analysis
Urbinati, A., Rosa, P., Sassanelli, C., Chiaroni, D., & Terzi, S. (2020) · Journal of Cleaner Production · doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.122964 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
Review of Critical Success Factors (CSFs) for green building projects
Li, Y., Huan-bin, S., Sang, P., Chen, P., & Liu, X. (2019) · Building and Environment · doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2019.05.020 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
Promoting Rigorous Research by Examining Lived Experiences: A Review of Four Qualitative Traditions
Prosek, E. A., & Gibson, D. M. (2021) · Journal of Counseling & Development · doi:10.1002/jcad.12364 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
Older people’s adherence to community-based group exercise programmes: a multiple-case study
Killingback, C., Tsofliou, F., & Clark, C. (2017) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-017-4049-6 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
Integrating QFD for product-service systems with the Kano model and fuzzy AHP
Haber, N., Fargnoli, M., & Sakao, T. (2018) · Total Quality Management & Business Excellence · doi:10.1080/14783363.2018.1470897 · Cited by 117 · see citing works
Chen, X., Liu, C., & Li, S. (2018) · Electronic Commerce Research and Applications · doi:10.1016/j.elerap.2018.100821 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Ghoreishi, M., & Happonen, A. (2020) · AIP conference proceedings · doi:10.1063/5.0001339 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
- Authors
- Baxter, P., & Jack, S.
- Affiliations
- McMaster University (CA)
- Venue
- The Qualitative Report
- Publisher
- Nova Southeastern University
- Published
- 2015-01-14
- ISSN
- 1052-0147 (ISSN-L)
- 2160-3715
- OpenAlex
- W2131919497
- Cited by
- 7,594
- References
- 47
- Citations by year
- 2026: 142 · 2025: 323 · 2024: 503 · 2023: 517 · 2022: 491 · 2021: 764 · 2020: 754 · 2019: 754 · 2018: 625 · 2017: 645 · 2016: 595 · 2015: 468 · 2014: 377 · 2013: 303 · 2012: 170
- FWCI
- 3854.89
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by-nc-sa
- Locations
- The Qualitative Report (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- NSUWorks (Nova Southeastern University) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Education › Qualitative Research Methods and Applications
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Qualitative Comparative Analysis Research
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Methodology and Impact of Social Science Research
- Keywords
- qualitative case study, case study design, novice researchers, research questions, case selection, triangulation, data sources, health research, theory development, program evaluation, intervention development
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review