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The Influence of an Animal on Social Interactions of Nursing Home Residents in a Group Setting
Abstract
This study was conducted to determine the effect of the presence and absence of a dog on the frequency and types of social interactions among nursing home residents during a socialization group. Point sampling was used to evaluate the behaviors of 36 male nursing home residents at a Veterans Administration Medical Center under two conditions, Dog Present and Dog Absent. A significant difference in verbal interactions among residents occurred with the dog present, F (1,69) = 4.92, p < .05. These findings are consistent with existing literature, thus providing further evidence of the value of Animal Assisted Therapy programs as an effective medium for increasing socialization among residents in long-term care facilities. Because an increase in social interactions can improve the social climate of an institution and occupational therapists frequently incorporate group process into their treatment, the therapeutic use of animals can become a valuable adjunct to reaching treatment goals.
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In a trial of 36 nursing home residents, residents were more likely to have verbal interactions with the dog in occupational therapy sessions with a dog present.
“Residents were more likely to have verbal interactions with the dog in the session.”
From The Benefit of Pets and Animal-Assisted Therapy to the Health of Older Individuals (2014) · cites this paper as [13]
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Beetz, A., Uvnäs-Moberg, K., Julius, H., & Kotrschal, K. (2012) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2012.00234 · Cited by 904
“The presence of an animal positively influenced, e.g., social interaction in elderly psychiatric inpatients (Haughie et al., 1992) and verbal interaction among male nursing home residents (Fick, 1993).”
Animal-Assisted Therapy: A Meta-Analysis
Nimer, J., & Lundahl, B. (2007) · Anthrozoös · doi:10.2752/089279307x224773 · Cited by 712
Robot Therapy: A New Approach for Mental Healthcare of the Elderly – A Mini-Review
Shibata, T., & Wada, K. (2011) · Gerontology · doi:10.1159/000319015 · Cited by 437
Do Animal-Assisted Activities Effectively Treat Depression? A Meta-Analysis
Souter, M. A., & Miller, M. D. (2007) · Anthrozoös · doi:10.2752/175303707x207954 · Cited by 324
The human-companion animal bond: How humans benefit
Friedmann, E., & Son, H. (2009) · Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice · doi:10.1016/j.cvsm.2008.10.015 · Cited by 299
Future Directions in Human-Animal Bond Research
Beck, A. M., & Katcher, A. H. (2003) · American Behavioral Scientist · doi:10.1177/0002764203255214 · Cited by 280
The Benefit of Pets and Animal-Assisted Therapy to the Health of Older Individuals
Cherniack, E. P., & Cherniack, A. R. (2014) · Current Gerontology and Geriatrics Research · doi:10.1155/2014/623203 · Cited by 159
Animal-Assisted Therapy in Psychiatric Rehabilitation
Marr, C. A., French, L., Thompson, D., Drum, L., Greening, G., Mormon, J., Henderson, I., & Hughes, C. W. (2000) · Anthrozoös · doi:10.2752/089279300786999950 · Cited by 123
Hamama, L., Hamama-Raz, Y., Dagan, K., Greenfeld, H., Rubinstein, C., & Ben-Ezra, M. (2011) · Children and Youth Services Review · doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2011.05.021 · Cited by 58
Chugg, A., & Craik, C. (2002) · British Journal of Occupational Therapy · doi:10.1177/030802260206500204 · Cited by 45
Metadata
- Authors
- Fick, K. M.
- Affiliations
- Wayne-Finger Lakes BOCES (US)
- Corresponding author
- Fick, Katharine M.
- Venue
- American Journal of Occupational Therapy
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 1993-06
- Volume
- 47
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 529-534
- ISSN
- 0272-9490 (ISSN-L)
- 1943-7676
- OpenAlex
- W2120778596
- Cited by
- 183
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 4.34
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Journal of Occupational Therapy (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Human-Animal Interaction Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Geriatrics and Gerontology › Geriatric Care and Nursing Homes
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Occupational Therapy › Occupational Therapy Practice and Research
- Keywords
- animal-assisted therapy, dogs, nursing home residents, social interaction, long-term care, veterans, verbal interaction, group process, occupational therapy
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Animals, Attention, Human-Animal Bond, Dogs, Group Processes, Homes for the Aged, Hospitals, Veterans, Humans, Male, Nursing Homes, Psychotherapy, Group, Social Isolation, Verbal Behavior, Frail Elderly
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