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Cited by 6Psychosomatic Disorders and Their TreatmentsPersonality Disorders and PsychopathologyPsychoanalysis and Psychopathology Research

Dissociative identity (multiple personality) disorder in Poland: a clinical case description and diagnostic difficulties

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Orlof, Wiktor, B. Rozenek, Emil, Waszkiewicz, Napoleon, Szewczak, Bogumiła·2021·Postępy Psychiatrii i Neurologii
DOI 10.5114/ppn.2021.110804PMC PMC9881634
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Abstract

Purpose: Dissociative identity disorder (DID) is characterized by the presence of a minimum of two identities. Each identity has different fixed patterns of perception, establishing relationships, and thinking about itself and the environment in which it lives. The etiology of dissociative identity disorder is still not fully understood. The aim of the study is to review the literature on the psychopathology and diagnostics of DID and to describe the clinical case of a patient with co-existing DID and paranoid schizophrenia. Case description: The male patient discussed in the article is characterized by the presence of three separate identities (the dominant male personality, and two additional personalities, male and female). The main personality informing about the existence of the others is the female personality, with a female name. Comment: Psychiatrists and psychologists, as well as doctors of other specialties, should have knowledge about the symptomatology of dissociative identity disorder in order to have a holistic approach to patient care.

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  • Focusing exclusively on women aligns with Lakoff's deficit model and reflects the preponderance of female cases in public-domain DID research.

    “Focusing exclusively on women aligns with Lakoff ' s de fi cit model and re fl ects the preponderance of female cases in public-domain DID research (Rosik, 2012; Orlof et al. 2021).”

    From Examining the linguistic and behavioural patterns of gender identity in women with dissociative identity disorder (2025) · cites this paper as Orlof et al. 2021

    The PURPOSE section says DID is more common in the female population, which supports the gender-related rationale in broad terms. It does not establish that female cases predominate in public-domain DID research or address Lakoff’s deficit model. (LLM, conf=0.84)

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  • Female-identity alters frequently serve as intra-system communicators to relay internal system dynamics to the host.

    “and female -identity alters frequently serve as intra -system communicators to relay internal system dynamics to the host (Orlof et al. 2021).”

    From Examining the linguistic and behavioural patterns of gender identity in women with dissociative identity disorder (2025) · cites this paper as Orlof et al. 2021

    The Case Description says that a female identity reported the existence of the other identities during examination and in notes given to the physician. The COMMENT section likewise describes her insight into the other identities. This is one patient’s case, not evidence that female-identity alters frequently serve this role or relay information to the host. (LLM, conf=0.88)

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Cites

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Research works printed but not linked: 19

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Orlof, W., B. Rozenek, E., Waszkiewicz, N., & Szewczak, B.
Affiliations
Medical University of Białystok (PL)
Corresponding author
Orlof, Wiktor
ORCID
Venue
Postępy Psychiatrii i Neurologii
Publisher
Termedia Sp. z.o.o.
Published
2021
Volume
30
Issue
3
Pages
213-218
ISSN
1230-2813 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.5114/ppn.2021.110804
PMC
PMC9881634
OpenAlex
W3216694031
Cited by
6
References
2
Citations by year
2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 3
FWCI
0.72
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
cc-by-nc-nd
Locations
  • Postępy Psychiatrii i Neurologii (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Psychosomatic Disorders and Their Treatments
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychoanalysis and Psychopathology Research
Keywords
dissociative identity disorder, paranoid schizophrenia, comorbidities, diagnostic challenges, psychopathology, gender identity

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