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Air quality monitoring in communities of the Canadian Arctic during the high shipping season with a focus on local and marine pollution

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Aliabadi, A. A., Staebler, R. M., Sharma, S.·2015·Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
DOI 10.5194/acp-15-2651-2015

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Abstract

Abstract. The Canadian Arctic has experienced decreasing sea ice extent and increasing shipping activity in recent decades. While there are economic incentives to develop resources in the north, there are environmental concerns that increasing marine traffic will contribute to declining air quality in northern communities. In an effort to characterize the relative impact of shipping on air quality in the north, two monitoring stations have been installed in Cape Dorset and Resolute, Nunavut, and have been operational since 1 June 2013. The impact of shipping and other sources of emissions on NOx, O3, SO2, BC, and PM2.5 pollution have been characterized for the 2013 shipping season from 1 June to 1 November. In addition, a high-resolution Air Quality Health Index (AQHI) for both sites was computed. Shipping consistently increased O3 mixing ratio and PM2.5 concentration. The 90% confidence interval for mean difference in O3 mixing ratio between ship- and no ship-influenced air masses were up to 4.6–4.7 ppb and 2.5–2.7 ppb for Cape Dorset and Resolute, respectively. The same intervals for PM2.5 concentrations were up to 1.8–1.9 μg m−3 and 0.5–0.6 μg m−3. Ship-influenced air masses consistently exhibited an increase of 0.1 to 0.3 in the high-resolution AQHI compared to no ship-influenced air masses. Trajectory cluster analysis in combination with ship traffic tracking provided an estimated range for percent ship contribution to NOx, O3, SO2, and PM2.5 that were 12.9–17.5 %, 16.2–18.1 %, 16.9–18.3 %, and 19.5–31.7 % for Cape Dorset and 1.0–7.2 %, 2.9–4.8 %, 5.5–10.0 %, and 6.5–7.2 % for Resolute during the 2013 shipping season. Additional measurements in Resolute suggested that percent ship contribution to black carbon was 4.3–9.8 % and that black carbon constituted 1.3–9.7 % of total PM2.5 mass in ship plumes. Continued air quality monitoring in the above sites for future shipping seasons will improve the statistics in our analysis and characterize repeating seasonal patterns in air quality due to shipping, local pollution, and long-range transport.

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  • Aliabadi et al. (2015) found pollutant enhancements of 18% in ozone and 32% in PM2.5 due to summer shipping activities along the NWP.

    “For example, Aliabadi et al. (2015) found pollutant enhancements of 18%in ozone and 32% in PM2.5 (particulate matter with a diameter smaller than 2.5 μ m), due to summer shipping activities along the NWP.”

    From Local Arctic Air Pollution: A Neglected but Serious Problem (2018) · cites this paper as Aliabadi et al., 2015

    Section 3.4.5 reports that shipping contributed 16.2–18.1% of cumulative ozone pollution and 19.5–31.7% of cumulative PM2.5 pollution at Cape Dorset during the 2013 shipping season. The cited 18% and 32% approximate the upper ends of those ranges, but the paper does not present them as percentage enhancements across the NWP; its estimates for Resolute are lower. (LLM, conf=0.88)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Missing sources in current inventories include local and irregular anthropogenic emissions, for example, open waste burning due to lack of waste management in difficult-to-access regions.

    “Among those missing are local and irregular anthropogenic emissions, for example, from open waste burning due to the lack of waste management in dif fi cult to access regions (Aliabadi et al., 2015).”

    From Local Arctic Air Pollution: A Neglected but Serious Problem (2018) · cites this paper as Aliabadi et al., 2015

    Section 2.5 (page not available) says current Canadian Arctic emission-inventory information is limited, and section 2.3 identifies local waste burning as a pollution source. But section 2.5 also includes waste burning in its inventory-based emission summary; the paper does not say it is missing from inventories or attribute it to inadequate waste management in hard-to-access regions. (LLM, conf=0.86)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Aliabadi, A. A., Staebler, R. M., & Sharma, S.
Affiliations
Environment and Climate Change Canada (CA)
Corresponding author
Aliabadi, A. A.
ORCID
Venue
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
Publisher
Copernicus GmbH
Published
2015-03-09
Volume
15
Issue
5
Pages
2651-2673
ISSN
  • 1680-7316 (ISSN-L)
  • 1680-7324
DOI
10.5194/acp-15-2651-2015
OpenAlex
W2012894077
Cited by
66
References
1
Citations by year
2025: 3 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 6
FWCI
4.32
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Atmospheric chemistry and physics (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Engineering › Maritime Transport Emissions and Efficiency
  • Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Atmospheric Science › Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
  • Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Arctic and Russian Policy Studies
Keywords
air quality monitoring, ship emissions, marine pollution, Arctic communities, Cape Dorset, Resolute, black carbon, PM2.5, ozone, nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide, Air Quality Health Index, ship plumes, air mass back trajectories, sea ice decline, community health risk, Nunavut, Northwest Territories, Northwest Atlantic

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