Attribution of ground-level ozone to anthropogenic and natural sources of NO x and reactive carbon in a global chemical transport model
Open accessPreprint — published as 10.5194/acp-20-10707-2020
Abstract
Abstract. We perform a source attribution for tropospheric and ground-level ozone using a novel technique which accounts separately for the contributions of the two chemically distinct emitted precursors (reactive carbon and oxides of nitrogen) to the chemical production of ozone in the troposphere. By tagging anthropogenic emissions of these precursors according to the geographical region from which they are emitted, we determine source/receptor relationships for ground-level ozone. Our methodology reproduces earlier results obtained through other techniques for ozone source attribution, and also delivers additional information about the modelled processes responsible for intercontinental transport of ozone, which is especially strong during the spring months. The current generation of chemical transport models used to support international negotiations aimed at reducing the intercontinental transport of ozone show especially strong inter-model differences in simulated springtime ozone. Current models also simulate a large range of different responses of surface ozone to methane, one of the major precursors of ground-level ozone. Using our novel source attribution technique, we show that emissions of NOx from international shipping over the high seas play a disproportionately strong role in our model system to the hemispheric-scale response of surface ozone to changes in methane, as well as to the springtime maximum in intercontinental transport of ozone and its precursors. We recommend a renewed focus on improvement of the representation of the chemistry of ship NOx emissions in current-generation models. We demonstrate the utility of ozone source attribution as a powerful model diagnostic tool, and recommend that similar source attribution techniques become a standard part of future model inter-comparison studies.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
CH4 and NOx participate in a chain reaction that leads to the dissolution of CH4 and formation of O3.
“Moreover, CH4 and NO𝑋 participate in a chain reaction that leads to the dissolution of CH4 and formation of the O3 (Butler et al., 2020).”
From Decoding methane concentration in Alberta oil sands: A machine learning exploration (2025) · cites this paper as Butler et al., 2020
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Transformation of the Nitrogen Cycle: Recent Trends, Questions, and Potential Solutions
Galloway, J. N., Townsend, A. R., Erisman, J. W., Bekunda, M., Cai, Z., Freney, J. R., Martinelli, L. A., Seitzinger, S. P., & Sutton, M. A. (2008) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1136674 · Cited by 6,995 · see citing works
MERRA: NASA’s Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications
Rienecker, M. M., Suárez, M. J., Gelaro, R., Todling, R., Bacmeister, J. T., Liu, E., Bosilovich, M. G., Schubert, S. D., Takacs, L. L., Kim, G.-K., et al. (2011) · Journal of Climate · doi:10.1175/jcli-d-11-00015.1 · Cited by 4,856 · see citing works
Atmospheric chemistry of VOCs and NOx
Atkinson, R. (2000) · Atmospheric Environment · doi:10.1016/s1352-2310(99)00460-4 · Cited by 3,510 · see citing works
Anthropogenic drivers of 2013–2017 trends in summer surface ozone in China
Li, K., Jacob, D. J., Liao, H., Shen, L., Zhang, Q., & Bates, K. H. (2019) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1812168116 · Cited by 1,804 · see citing works
Monks, P. S., Archibald, A. T., Colette, A., Cooper, O. R., Coyle, M., Derwent, R. G., Fowler, D., Granier, C., Law, K. S., Mills, G., et al. (2015) · Atmospheric chemistry and physics · doi:10.5194/acp-15-8889-2015 · Cited by 1,658 · see citing works
Saunders, S. M., Jenkin, M. E., Derwent, R. G., & Pilling, M. J. (2003) · Atmospheric chemistry and physics · doi:10.5194/acp-3-161-2003 · Cited by 1,642 · see citing works
Known and Unexplored Organic Constituents in the Earth's Atmosphere
Goldstein, A. H., & Galbally, I. E. (2007) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es072476p · Cited by 1,520 · see citing works
Development of Ozone Reactivity Scales for Volatile Organic Compounds
Carter, W. P. L. (1994) · Air & Waste · doi:10.1080/1073161x.1994.10467290 · Cited by 1,518 · see citing works
The global methane budget 2000–2012
Saunois, M., Bousquet, P., Poulter, B., Peregon, A. M., Ciais, P., Canadell, J. G., Dlugokencky, E. J., Etiope, G., Bastviken, D., Houweling, S., et al. (2016) · Earth system science data · doi:10.5194/essd-8-697-2016 · Cited by 1,067 · see citing works
Janssens-Maenhout, G., Crippa, M., Guizzardi, D., Dentener, F., Muntean, M., Pouliot, G., Keating, T., Zhang, Q., Kurokawa, J., Wankmüller, R., et al. (2015) · Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics · doi:10.5194/acp-15-11411-2015 · Cited by 978 · see citing works
Lamarque, J., Emmons, L. K., Hess, P., Kinnison, D. E., Tilmes, S., Vitt, F. M., Heald, C. L., Holland, E. A., Lauritzen, P. H., Neu, J. L., et al. (2012) · Geoscientific model development · doi:10.5194/gmd-5-369-2012 · Cited by 838 · see citing works
Chemistry and Physiology of Los Angeles Smog
Haagen-Smit, A. J. (1952) · Industrial & Engineering Chemistry · doi:10.1021/ie50510a045 · Cited by 836 · see citing works
Ozone precursor relationships in the ambient atmosphere
Chameides, W. L., Fehsenfeld, F. C., Rodgers, M. O., Cardelino, C. A., Martinez, J., Parrish, D. D., Lonneman, W. A., Lawson, D. R., Rasmussen, R. A., ZIMMERMAN, P. R., et al. (1992) · Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres · doi:10.1029/91jd03014 · Cited by 801 · see citing works
Mills, G., Pleijel, H., Malley, C. S., Sinha, B., Cooper, O. R., Schultz, M. G., Neufeld, H. S., Simpson, D. M., Sharps, K., Feng, Z., et al. (2018) · Elementa Science of the Anthropocene · doi:10.1525/elementa.302 · Cited by 593 · see citing works
A discussion of the chemistry of some minor constituents in the stratosphere and troposphere
Crutzen, P. J. (1973) · Pure and Applied Geophysics · doi:10.1007/bf00881092 · Cited by 552 · see citing works
Fleming, Z. L., Doherty, R. M., von Schneidemesser, E., Malley, C. S., Cooper, O. R., Pinto, J. P., Colette, A., Xu, X., Simpson, D. M., Schultz, M. G., et al. (2018) · Elementa Science of the Anthropocene · doi:10.1525/elementa.273 · Cited by 520 · see citing works
Li, M., Zhang, Q., Zheng, B., Tong, D., Lei, Y., Liu, F., Hong, C., Kang, S., Yan, L., Zhang, Y., et al. (2019) · Atmospheric chemistry and physics · doi:10.5194/acp-19-8897-2019 · Cited by 516 · see citing works
Multimodel estimates of intercontinental source‐receptor relationships for ozone pollution
Fiore, A. M., Dentener, F. J., Wild, O., Cuvelier, C., Schultz, M. G., Hess, P., Textor, C., Schulz, M., Doherty, R. M., Horowitz, L. W., et al. (2009) · Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres · doi:10.1029/2008jd010816 · Cited by 504 · see citing works
Ambient Levels of Ozone Reduce Net Photosynthesis in Tree and Crop Species
Reich, P. B., & Amundson, R. G. (1985) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.230.4725.566 · Cited by 495 · see citing works
Future air pollution in the Shared Socio-economic Pathways
Rao, S., Klimont, Z., Smith, S. J., Dingenen, R. V., Dentener, F. J., Bouwman, L., Riahi, K., Amann, M. C., Bodirsky, B. L., van Vuuren, D. P., et al. (2016) · Global Environmental Change · doi:10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2016.05.012 · Cited by 492 · see citing works
Young, P. J., Naïk, V., Fiore, A. M., Gaudel, A., Guo, J. J., Lin, M., Neu, J. L., Parrish, D. D., Rieder, H. E., Schnell, J. L., et al. (2018) · Elementa Science of the Anthropocene · doi:10.1525/elementa.265 · Cited by 477 · see citing works
Stevenson, D. S., Young, P. J., Naïk, V., Lamarque, J., Shindell, D. T., Voulgarakis, A., Skeie, R. B., Dalsøren, S. B., Myhre, G., Berntsen, T. K., et al. (2013) · Atmospheric chemistry and physics · doi:10.5194/acp-13-3063-2013 · Cited by 468 · see citing works
Effect of rising Asian emissions on surface ozone in the United States
Jacob, D. J., Logan, J. A., & Murti, P. P. (1999) · Geophysical Research Letters · doi:10.1029/1999gl900450 · Cited by 436 · see citing works
Interpreting contemporary trends in atmospheric methane
Turner, A. J., Frankenberg, C., & Kort, E. A. (2019) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1814297116 · Cited by 426 · see citing works
Atmospheric peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN): A global budget and source attribution
Fischer, E. V., Jacob, D. J., Yantosca, R. M., Sulprizio, M. P., Millet, D. B., Mao, J., Paulot, F., Singh, H. B., Roiger, A., Ries, L., et al. (2014) · Atmospheric chemistry and physics · doi:10.5194/acp-14-2679-2014 · Cited by 390 · see citing works
Tropospheric Ozone Assessment Report: Database and metrics data of global surface ozone observations
Schultz, M. G., Schröder, S., Lyapina, O., Cooper, O. R., Galbally, I. E., Petropavlovskikh, I. V., von Schneidemesser, E., Tanimoto, H., Elshorbany, Y., Naja, M., et al. (2017) · Elementa Science of the Anthropocene · doi:10.1525/elementa.244 · Cited by 367 · see citing works
Jacob, D. J., Heikes, E. G., Fan, S., Logan, J. A., Mauzerall, D. L., Bradshaw, J. D., SINGH, H. B., Gregory, G. L., Talbot, R. W., Blake, D. R., et al. (1996) · Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres · doi:10.1029/96jd00336 · Cited by 363 · see citing works
Wang, Y., Jacob, D. J., & Logan, J. A. (1998) · Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres · doi:10.1029/98jd00156 · Cited by 318 · see citing works
Anthropogenic forcing on tropospheric ozone and OH since preindustrial times
Wang, Y., & Jacob, D. J. (1998) · Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres · doi:10.1029/1998jd100004 · Cited by 313 · see citing works
Influence of NOx emissions from ships on tropospheric photochemistry and climate
Lawrence, M. G., & Crutzen, P. J. (1999) · Nature · doi:10.1038/46013 · Cited by 297 · see citing works
Transport of Asian ozone pollution into surface air over the western United States in spring
Lin, M., Fiore, A. M., Horowitz, L. W., Cooper, O. R., Naïk, V., Holloway, J., Johnson, B. J. J., Middlebrook, A. M., Oltmans, S. J., Pollack, I. B., et al. (2011) · Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres · doi:10.1029/2011jd016961 · Cited by 255 · see citing works
Tropospheric ozone change from 1980 to 2010 dominated by equatorward redistribution of emissions
Zhang, Y., Cooper, O. R., Gaudel, A., Thompson, A. M., Nédélec, P., Ogino, S., & West, J. J. (2016) · Nature Geoscience · doi:10.1038/ngeo2827 · Cited by 242 · see citing works
Time scales in atmospheric chemistry: Theory, GWPs for CH4 and CO, and runaway growth
Prather, M. J. (1996) · Geophysical Research Letters · doi:10.1029/96gl02371 · Cited by 233 · see citing works
Tilmes, S., Lamarque, J., Emmons, L. K., Kinnison, D. E., Ma, P., Liu, X., Ghan, S. J., Bardeen, C., Arnold, S. R., Deeter, M. N., et al. (2015) · Geoscientific model development · doi:10.5194/gmd-8-1395-2015 · Cited by 226 · see citing works
NO x emission trends over Chinese cities estimated from OMI observations during 2005 to 2015
Liu, F., Beirle, S., Zhang, Q., Ronald van der, A., Zheng, B., Tong, D., & He, K. (2017) · Atmospheric chemistry and physics · doi:10.5194/acp-17-9261-2017 · Cited by 214 · see citing works
Global tropospheric ozone modeling: Quantifying errors due to grid resolution
Wild, O., & Prather, M. J. (2006) · Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres · doi:10.1029/2005jd006605 · Cited by 194 · see citing works
The fuel of atmospheric chemistry: Toward a complete description of reactive organic carbon
Heald, C. L., & Kroll, J. H. (2020) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.aay8967 · Cited by 191 · see citing works
Kleinman, L. I., Daum, P. H., Imre, D. G., Lee, Y. ‐., Nunnermacker, L. J., Springston, S., Weinstein‐Lloyd, J., & Rudolph, J. (2002) · Geophysical Research Letters · doi:10.1029/2001gl014569 · Cited by 181 · see citing works
Fiore, A. M., West, J. J., Horowitz, L. W., Naïk, V., & Schwarzkopf, M. D. (2008) · Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres · doi:10.1029/2007jd009162 · Cited by 170 · see citing works
Thunis, P., Clappier, A., Tarrasón, L., Cuvelier, C., Monteiro, A., Pisoni, E., Wesseling, J., Belis, C. A., Pirovano, G., Janssen, S., et al. (2019) · Environment International · doi:10.1016/j.envint.2019.05.019 · Cited by 162 · see citing works
The impact of traffic emissions on atmospheric ozone and OH: Results from QUANTIFY
Hoor, P., Borken-Kleefeld, J., Caro, D., Dessens, O., Endresen, O., Gauss, M., Grewe, V., Hauglustaine, D., Isaksen, I. S. A., Jöckel, P., et al. (2009) · Atmospheric chemistry and physics · doi:10.5194/acp-9-3113-2009 · Cited by 160 · see citing works
Comparison of tropospheric gas-phase chemistry schemes for use within global models
Emmerson, K. M., & Evans, M. J. (2009) · Atmospheric chemistry and physics · doi:10.5194/acp-9-1831-2009 · Cited by 159 · see citing works
Source apportionment and sensitivity analysis: two methodologies with two different purposes
Clappier, A., Belis, C. A., Pernigotti, D., & Thunis, P. (2017) · Geoscientific model development · doi:10.5194/gmd-10-4245-2017 · Cited by 155 · see citing works
Contribution of ship emissions to the concentration and deposition of air pollutants in Europe
Aksoyoglu, S., Baltensperger, U., & Prévôt, A. S. H. (2016) · Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics · doi:10.5194/acp-16-1895-2016 · Cited by 154 · see citing works
Dunker, A. M., Yarwood, G., Ortmann, J. P., & Wilson, G. M. (2002) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es011418f · Cited by 150 · see citing works
Knote, C., Tuccella, P., Curci, G., Emmons, L. K., Orlando, J. J., Madronich, S., Baró, R., Jiménez‐Guerrero, P., Luecken, D. J., Hogrefe, C., et al. (2014) · Atmospheric Environment · doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.11.066 · Cited by 145 · see citing works
European ozone in a future climate: Importance of changes in dry deposition and isoprene emissions
Andersson, C., & Engardt, M. (2010) · Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres · doi:10.1029/2008jd011690 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
The influence of foreign vs. North American emissions on surface ozone in the US
Reidmiller, D. R., Fiore, A. M., Jaffe, D. A., Bergmann, D. J., Cuvelier, C., Dentener, F. J., Duncan, B. N., Folberth, G., Gauss, M., Gong, S., et al. (2009) · Atmospheric chemistry and physics · doi:10.5194/acp-9-5027-2009 · Cited by 131 · see citing works
Quantifying the contributions of individual NOx sources to the trend in ozone radiative forcing
Dahlmann, K., Grewe, V., Ponater, M., & Matthes, S. (2011) · Atmospheric Environment · doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.02.071 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
Accounting for non-linear chemistry of ship plumes in the GEOS-Chem global chemistry transport model
Vinken, G. C. M., Boersma, K. F., Jacob, D. J., & Meijer, E. (2011) · Atmospheric chemistry and physics · doi:10.5194/acp-11-11707-2011 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Foreign and domestic contributions to springtime ozone over China
Ni, R., Lin, J., Yan, Y., & Lin, W. (2018) · Atmospheric chemistry and physics · doi:10.5194/acp-18-11447-2018 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
The POLARCAT Model Intercomparison Project (POLMIP): overview and evaluation with observations
Emmons, L. K., Arnold, S. R., Monks, S. A., Huijnen, V., Tilmes, S., Law, K. S., Thomas, J. L., Raut, J., Bouarar, I., Turquéty, S., et al. (2015) · Atmospheric chemistry and physics · doi:10.5194/acp-15-6721-2015 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Effects of global ship emissions on European air pollution levels
Jonson, J. E., Gauss, M., Schulz, M., Jalkanen, J.-P., & Fagerli, H. (2020) · Atmospheric chemistry and physics · doi:10.5194/acp-20-11399-2020 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Galmarini, S., Koffi, B., Solazzo, E., Keating, T. J., Hogrefe, C., Schulz, M., Benedictow, A., Griesfeller, J., Janssens‐Maenhout, G., Carmichael, G. R., et al. (2017) · Atmospheric chemistry and physics · doi:10.5194/acp-17-1543-2017 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Tagged ozone mechanism for MOZART-4, CAM-chem and other chemical transport models
Emmons, L. K., Hess, P., Lamarque, J., & Pfister, G. G. (2012) · Geoscientific model development · doi:10.5194/gmd-5-1531-2012 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
The effect of aircraft emissions on tropospheric ozone in the northern hemisphere
Beck, J. P., Reeves, C. E., de Leeuw, F. A. A. M., & Penkett, S. A. (1992) · Atmospheric Environment Part A General Topics · doi:10.1016/0960-1686(92)90257-l · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Radiative forcing due to changes in ozone and methane caused by the transport sector
Myhre, G., Shine, K. P., Rädel, G., Gauss, M., Isaksen, I. S. A., Tang, Q., Prather, M. J., Williams, J. E., van Velthoven, P., Dessens, O., et al. (2011) · Atmospheric Environment · doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.10.001 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Grewe, V., Tsati, E., & Hoor, P. M. (2010) · Geoscientific model development · doi:10.5194/gmd-3-487-2010 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Ozone productivity of atmospheric organics
Bowman, F., & Seinfeld, J. H. (1994) · Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres · doi:10.1029/93jd03400 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Modeling the chemical effects of ship exhaust in the cloud-free marine boundary layer
von Glasow, R., Lawrence, M. G., Sander, R., & Crutzen, P. J. (2003) · Atmospheric chemistry and physics · doi:10.5194/acp-3-233-2003 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Kasibhatla, P. S., Levy, H., II, Moxim, W. J., Pandis, S. Ν., Corbett, J. J., Peterson, M. C., Honrath, R. E., Frost, G. J., Knapp, K., Parrish, D. D., et al. (2000) · Geophysical Research Letters · doi:10.1029/2000gl011387 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Grewe, V., Tsati, E., Mertens, M., Frömming, C., & Jöckel, P. (2017) · Geoscientific model development · doi:10.5194/gmd-10-2615-2017 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
TOAST 1.0: Tropospheric Ozone Attribution of Sources with Tagging for CESM 1.2.2
Butler, T. M., Lupaşcu, A., Coates, J., & Zhu, S. (2018) · Geoscientific model development · doi:10.5194/gmd-11-2825-2018 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Self-citationUtembe, S. R., Cooke, M. C., Archibald, A. T., Jenkin, M. E., Derwent, R. G., & Shallcross, D. E. (2010) · Atmospheric Environment · doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.01.044 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Derwent, R. G., Manning, A. J., Simmonds, P. G., Spain, T. G., & O’Doherty, S. (2018) · Atmospheric Environment · doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2018.02.024 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Attributing ozone and its precursors to land transport emissions in Europe and Germany
Mertens, M., Kerkweg, A., Grewe, V., Jöckel, P., & SAUSEN, R. (2020) · Atmospheric chemistry and physics · doi:10.5194/acp-20-7843-2020 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Huang, M., Carmichael, G. R., Pierce, R. B., Jo, D. S., Park, R. J., Flemming, J., Emmons, L. K., Bowman, K. W., Henze, D. K., Davila, Y., et al. (2017) · Atmospheric chemistry and physics · doi:10.5194/acp-17-5721-2017 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Revisiting the contribution of land transport and shipping emissions to tropospheric ozone
Mertens, M., Grewe, V., Rieger, V., & Jöckel, P. (2018) · Atmospheric chemistry and physics · doi:10.5194/acp-18-5567-2018 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
The effects of intercontinental emission sources on European air pollution levels
Jonson, J. E., Schulz, M., Emmons, L. K., Flemming, J., Henze, D. K., Sudo, K., Lund, M. T., Lin, M., Benedictow, A., Koffi, B., et al. (2018) · Atmospheric chemistry and physics · doi:10.5194/acp-18-13655-2018 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Tropospheric ozone production regions and the intercontinental origins of surface ozone over Europe
Derwent, R. G., Utembe, S. R., Jenkin, M. E., & Shallcross, D. E. (2015) · Atmospheric Environment · doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.04.049 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Source attribution of European surface O 3 using a tagged O 3 mechanism
Lupaşcu, A., & Butler, T. M. (2019) · Atmospheric chemistry and physics · doi:10.5194/acp-19-14535-2019 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Self-citationBates, K. H., & Jacob, D. J. (2019) · Geophysical Research Letters · doi:10.1029/2019gl084486 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Butler, T. M., Lawrence, M. G., Taraborrelli, D., & Lelieveld, J. (2011) · Atmospheric Environment · doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.03.040 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Self-citationForeign influences on tropospheric ozone over East Asia through global atmospheric transport
Han, H., Liu, J. J., Yuan, H., Wang, T., Zhuang, B., & Zhang, X. (2019) · Atmospheric chemistry and physics · doi:10.5194/acp-19-12495-2019 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Reversal of Long‐Term Trend in Baseline Ozone Concentrations at the North American West Coast
PARRISH, D. D., Petropavlovskikh, I. V., & Oltmans, S. J. (2017) · Geophysical Research Letters · doi:10.1002/2017gl074960 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Young, P. J., Archibald, A. T., Bowman, K. W., Lamarque, J., Naïk, V., Stevenson, D. S., Tilmes, S., Voulgarakis, A., Wild, O., Bergmann, D. J., et al. (2013) · Atmospheric chemistry and physics · doi:10.5194/acp-13-5401-2013 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
A comparison of chemical mechanisms using tagged ozone production potential (TOPP) analysis
Coates, J., & Butler, T. M. (2015) · Atmospheric chemistry and physics · doi:10.5194/acp-15-8795-2015 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Self-citationFiore, A. M., Fischer, E. V., Milly, G. P., Deolal, S. P., Wild, O., Jaffe, D. A., Staehelin, J., Clifton, O. E., Bergmann, D., Collins, W. J., et al. (2018) · Atmospheric chemistry and physics · doi:10.5194/acp-18-15345-2018 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Derwent, R. G. (2020) · Atmosphere · doi:10.3390/atmos11020171 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Effects of global ship emissions on European air pollution levels
Jonson, J. E., Gauss, M., Schulz, M., Jalkanen, J.-P., & Fagerli, H. (2020) · doi:10.5194/acp-2020-293 · Cited by 2
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Tropospheric ozone and NO x : A review of worldwide variation and meteorological influences
Nguyen, D., Lin, C., Vu, C. T., Cheruiyot, N. K., Nguyen, M., Le, T. H., Lukkhasorn, W., Vo, T.-D.-H., & Bui, X. (2022) · Environmental Technology & Innovation · doi:10.1016/j.eti.2022.102809 · Cited by 167 · see citing works
Progress of ship exhaust gas control technology
Zhao, J., Wei, Q., Wang, S., & Ren, X. (2021) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149437 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Plant biochemistry influences tropospheric ozone formation, destruction, deposition, and response
Wedow, J. M., Ainsworth, E. A., & Li, S. (2021) · Trends in Biochemical Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tibs.2021.06.007 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Guo, B., Wu, H., Pei, L., Zhu, X., Zhang, D., Wang, Y., & Luo, P. (2022) · Environment International · doi:10.1016/j.envint.2022.107606 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Temperature dependence of tropospheric ozone under NOx reductions over Germany
Otero, N., Rust, H. W., & Butler, T. M. (2021) · Atmospheric Environment · doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2021.118334 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Self-citationLupaşcu, A., Otero, N., Minkos, A., & Butler, T. M. (2022) · Atmospheric chemistry and physics · doi:10.5194/acp-22-11675-2022 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Self-citationAnsari, N., Yadav, D. S., Singh, P., Agrawal, M., & Agrawal, S. B. (2023) · Industrial Crops and Products · doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2023.116267 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
The impact of short-lived climate pollutants on the human health
Mathew, N., Somanathan, A., Tirpude, A., & Arfin, T. (2024) · Environmental Pollution and Management · doi:10.1016/j.epm.2024.04.001 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Significant contribution of lightning NOx to summertime surface O3 on the Tibetan Plateau
Li, M., Mao, J., Chen, S., Bian, J., Bai, Z., Wang, X., Chen, W., & Yu, P. (2022) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154639 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Li, S., Yang, Y., Wang, H., Li, P., Li, K., Ren, L., Wang, P., Liao, H., Mao, Y., & Liao, H. (2023) · Atmospheric Environment · doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2023.119776 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Stockwell, C. E., Coggon, M. M., Schwantes, R. H., Harkins, C., Verreyken, B. W. D., Lyu, C., Zhu, Q., Xu, L., Gilman, J. B., Lamplugh, A., et al. (2025) · Atmospheric chemistry and physics · doi:10.5194/acp-25-1121-2025 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Source attribution of near-surface ozone trends in the United States during 1995–2019
Li, P., Yang, Y., Wang, H., Li, S., Li, K., Wang, P., Liao, H., & Liao, H. (2023) · Atmospheric chemistry and physics · doi:10.5194/acp-23-5403-2023 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Liu, S., Li, X., Wei, J., Shu, L., Jin, J., Fu, T., Yang, X., & Zhu, L. (2024) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.4c00339 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Lu, X. H., Liu, Y., Su, J., Weng, X., Ansari, T. U., Zhang, Y., He, G., Zhu, Y., Wang, H., Zeng, G., et al. (2025) · Atmospheric chemistry and physics · doi:10.5194/acp-25-7991-2025 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Self-citationImpacts of atmospheric particulate matter deposition on phytoplankton: A review
Thiagarajan, V., Nah, T., & Xin, X. (2024) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175280 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
von Schneidemesser, E., Sibiya, B., Caseiro, A., Butler, T. M., Lawrence, M. G., Leitão, J., Lupaşcu, A., & Salvador, P. (2021) · Atmospheric Environment X · doi:10.1016/j.aeaoa.2021.100122 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Self-citationClimate and Tropospheric Oxidizing Capacity
Fiore, A. M., Mickley, L. J., Zhu, Q., & Baublitz, C. B. (2024) · Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences · doi:10.1146/annurev-earth-032320-090307 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
How Have Divergent Global Emission Trends Influenced Long‐Range Transported Ozone to North America?
Mathur, R., Kang, D., Napelenok, S. L., Xing, J., Hogrefe, C., Sarwar, G., Itahashi, S., & Henderson, B. H. (2022) · Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres · doi:10.1029/2022jd036926 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Xue, T., Kang, N., & Zhu, T. (2024) · Annual Review of Public Health · doi:10.1146/annurev-publhealth-071723-015722 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Nawaz, M. O., Henze, D. K., Harkins, C., Cao, H., Nault, B. A., Jo, D. S., Jimenez, J. L., Anenberg, S. C., Goldberg, D. L., & Qu, Z. (2021) · Elementa Science of the Anthropocene · doi:10.1525/elementa.2021.00043 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Future tropospheric ozone budget and distribution over east Asia under a net-zero scenario
Hou, X., Wild, O., Zhu, B., & Lee, J. D. (2023) · Atmospheric chemistry and physics · doi:10.5194/acp-23-15395-2023 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Guo, Y., Roychoudhury, C., Mirrezaei, M. A., Kumar, R., Sorooshian, A., & Arellano, A. F. (2024) · Geoscientific model development · doi:10.5194/gmd-17-4331-2024 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
National and transboundary contributions to surface ozone concentration across European countries
Garatachea, R., Pay, M.-T., Achebak, H., Jorba, O., Bowdalo, D., Guevara, M., Petetin, H., Ballester, J., & García‐Pando, C. P. (2024) · Communications Earth & Environment · doi:10.1038/s43247-024-01716-w · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Mertens, M., Brinkop, S., Graf, P., Grewe, V., Hendricks, J., Jöckel, P., Lanteri, A., Matthes, S., Rieger, V., Righi, M., et al. (2024) · Atmospheric chemistry and physics · doi:10.5194/acp-24-12079-2024 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Sustainable conversion of natural gas to hydrogen using transition metal carbides
Abdullah, M., & Sajjadi, B. (2024) · International Journal of Hydrogen Energy · doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2024.09.354 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Nalam, A., Lupaşcu, A., Ansari, T. U., & Butler, T. M. (2025) · Atmospheric chemistry and physics · doi:10.5194/acp-25-5287-2025 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Self-citationSources of surface O 3 in the UK: tagging O 3 within WRF-Chem
Romero‐Alvarez, J., Lupaşcu, A., Lowe, D., Badía, A., Archer‐Nicholls, S., Dorling, S. R., Reeves, C. E., & Butler, T. M. (2022) · Atmospheric chemistry and physics · doi:10.5194/acp-22-13797-2022 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Self-citationGhosh, A., & Manna, S. (2024) · Environmental Science and Pollution Research · doi:10.1007/s11356-024-35755-9 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Decoding methane concentration in Alberta oil sands: A machine learning exploration
Sysoeva, L., Bouderbala, I., Kent, M. H., Saha, E., Zambrano-Luna, B. A., Milne, R., & Wang, H. (2025) · Ecological Indicators · doi:10.1016/j.ecolind.2024.112835 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Ansari, T. U., Nalam, A., Lupaşcu, A., Hinz, C., Grasse, S., & Butler, T. M. (2025) · Atmospheric chemistry and physics · doi:10.5194/acp-25-16833-2025 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Self-citationResearch progress in ozone generation technology and applications: A review
Wei, L., Xu, S. L., Sun, S., & Zhang, Y. (2026) · Process Safety and Environmental Protection · doi:10.1016/j.psep.2026.108460 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
A New Index Developed for Fast Diagnosis of Meteorological Roles in Ground-Level Ozone Variations
Chen, W., Wang, W., Jia, S., Mao, J., Yan, F., Zheng, L., Wu, Y., Zhang, X., Dong, Y., Kong, L., et al. (2022) · Advances in Atmospheric Sciences · doi:10.1007/s00376-021-1257-x · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Balsini, S. S., Shiroudi, A., Hatamjafari, F., Zahedi, E., Pourshamsian, K., & Oliaey, A. R. (2023) · Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics · doi:10.1039/d3cp00161j · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Recent trends in ozone sensing technology
Iqbal, M. M., Muhammad, G., Hussain, M. A., Hanif, H., Raza, M. A., & Shafiq, Z. (2023) · Analytical Methods · doi:10.1039/d3ay00334e · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Underappreciated roles of soil nitrogen oxide emissions on global acute health burden
Liu, S., Wei, J., Li, X., Shu, L., Zhang, J., Fu, T., Yang, X., & Zhu, L. (2024) · Environment International · doi:10.1016/j.envint.2024.109087 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Liu, L., Gong, H., Wang, L., Chen, W., Wu, R., Tao, W., Dong, Z., & Liu, B. (2023) · Atmospheric Research · doi:10.1016/j.atmosres.2023.106852 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Impact of Climate Variability and Change on the Surface Ozone Response to NOx Emissions Reductions
Roy, E. J. L., Wong, A. Y. H., Eastham, S. D., Fiore, A. M., & Selin, N. E. (2025) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.5c01347 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Guo, Y., Mirrezaei, M. A., Sorooshian, A., & Arellano, A. F. (2025) · Atmospheric chemistry and physics · doi:10.5194/acp-25-5591-2025 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Dynamic evaluation of modeled ozone concentrations in Germany with four chemistry transport models
Thürkow, M., Schaap, M., Kranenburg, R., Pfäfflin, F., Neunhäuserer, L., Wolke, R., Heinold, B., Stoll, J., Lupaşcu, A., Nordmann, S., et al. (2023) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167665 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Self-citationThürkow, M., Banzhaf, S., Butler, T. M., Pültz, J., & Schaap, M. (2022) · Atmospheric Environment · doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2022.119412 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Self-citationSummertime tropospheric ozone source apportionment study in the Madrid region (Spain)
de la Paz, D., Borge, R., de Andrés, J. M., Tovar, L., Sarwar, G., & Napelenok, S. L. (2024) · Atmospheric chemistry and physics · doi:10.5194/acp-24-4949-2024 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Source attribution of near-surface ozone pollution in Jiangsu Province of China over 2013–2019
He, S., Yang, Y., Wang, H., Wang, P., & Liao, H. (2025) · Atmospheric Environment · doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121205 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Augustin, J., Gilge, S., Appel, H., Dauert, U., Endler, C., Heesen, R., Höflich, C., Kuttler, W., Schlünzen, K. H., Straff, W., et al. (2025) · Allergy · doi:10.1111/all.70159 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Secluding the vegetation of India in retaliation to tropospheric ozone: a mechanistic approach
Singh, H., Gupta, A., Yadav, D. S., Singh, P., Singh, P., Agrawal, S. B., & Agrawal, M. (2024) · Discover Agriculture · doi:10.1007/s44279-024-00042-1 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Ramírez-Aldaba, H., López‐Serrano, P. M., García-Montiel, E., Morones-Esquivel, M. M., Bocanegra-Salazar, M., Borrego-Núñez, C., & Loera-Sánchez, J. M. (2025) · Pollutants · doi:10.3390/pollutants5010003 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Air quality and related health impact in the UNECE region: source attribution and scenario analysis
Belis, C. A., & Dingenen, R. V. (2023) · Atmospheric chemistry and physics · doi:10.5194/acp-23-8225-2023 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Ozone source attribution in polluted European areas during summer 2017 as simulated with MECO(n)
Kilian, M., Grewe, V., Jöckel, P., Kerkweg, A., Mertens, M., Zahn, A., & Ziereis, H. (2024) · Atmospheric chemistry and physics · doi:10.5194/acp-24-13503-2024 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Investigating ozone build-up in the east of England during the July 2015 heat wave
Romero‐Alvarez, J., Lupaşcu, A., Dorling, S. R., Reeves, C. E., & Butler, T. M. (2025) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179464 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Self-citationShort-Term Ozone Exposure and Daily Mortality in Suburban and Rural Areas of Southern Europe
Doronzo, M. Á., Fernández, J. C., Gómez‐Barroso, D., Alonso-Colón, M., Núñez-Corcuera, B., & Ramis, R. (2025) · Atmosphere · doi:10.3390/atmos16050625 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Effects of different emission inventories on tropospheric ozone and methane lifetime
Acquah, C., Stecher, L., Mertens, M., & Jöckel, P. (2025) · Atmospheric chemistry and physics · doi:10.5194/acp-25-13665-2025 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Impact of Elevated Ozone on Cabbage
Ramakrishnan, S., Dhevagi, P., Poornima, R., Ramya, A., Kannan, B., Chandrakumar, K., Bhaskaran, J., & Boomiraj, K. (2023) · International Journal of Environment and Climate Change · doi:10.9734/ijecc/2023/v13i113157 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Temperature responses from methane mitigation approaches vary widely due to non-methane impacts
Abernethy, S., Buechler, R., Kessler, M., & Jackson, R. B. (2024) · Environmental Research Letters · doi:10.1088/1748-9326/ad60e0 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Chapter 14 : Air Quality. Fifth National Climate Assessment
West, J. J., Nolte, C. G., Bell, M. L., Fiore, A. M., Georgopoulos, P. G., Hess, J. J., Mickley, L. J., O’Neill, S. M., Pierce, J. R., Pinder, R. W., et al. (2023) · doi:10.7930/nca5.2023.ch14 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Butler, T. M., & Wild, O. (2022) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-15-2527-8_12-1 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Self-citationGhosh, S., Cholakian, A., Mailler, S., & Menut, L. (2025) · Atmospheric chemistry and physics · doi:10.5194/acp-25-6273-2025 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Goto, D., Yashiro, H., Yamashita, Y., Takigawa, M., Sudo, K., Uchida, J., Yumimoto, K., & Takemura, T. (2026) · Progress in Earth and Planetary Science · doi:10.1186/s40645-025-00791-7 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Ice Sheet Melt and Ozone Hole Variations on Three Solar Cycles Possible Anthropogenic Interactions
Hagen, M., & Azevedo, A. (2022) · Atmospheric and Climate Sciences · doi:10.4236/acs.2022.123032 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Kadhum, S. A., Hussain, L., Azeez, O. S., Abed, S. A., & Jaafar, B. I. (2025) · Bulletin of Atmospheric Science and Technology · doi:10.1007/s42865-024-00084-9 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Tao, W., Fu, T., Liu, J., Su, H., Cheng, Y., Ni, R., Zhang, A., Guo, Y., Jiang, T., Mo, J., et al. (2026) · npj Climate and Atmospheric Science · doi:10.1038/s41612-026-01379-8 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Korhale, N., Ansari, T. U., Butler, T. M., Ovadnevaitė, J., Chevassus, E., Čeburnis, D., Martin, D., O'Dowd, C. D., & Coleman, L. F. (2026) · Atmospheric chemistry and physics · doi:10.5194/acp-26-6557-2026 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Self-citationButler, T. M., & Wild, O. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-15-2760-9_12 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Self-citationCalori, G., Briganti, G., Uboldi, F., Pepe, N., D’Elia, I., Mircea, M., Marras, G. F., & Piersanti, A. (2024) · Atmosphere · doi:10.3390/atmos15020191 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Revisiting the direct and indirect impacts of enteric methane using a One Health perspective
Pressman, E. M., & Kebreab, E. (2025) · Animal Frontiers · doi:10.1093/af/vfaf010 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Prediction of Tropospheric Ozone Levels from Temperature in the Urban Area of Durango, DgoPreprint
Loera-Sánchez, J. M., Montiel-Antuna, E., Morones-Esquivel, M. M., López‐Serrano, P. M., Briseño‐Reyes, J., García-Montiel, E., & Ramírez-Aldaba, H. (2023) · Preprints.org · doi:10.20944/preprints202306.1819.v1 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Envisioning an Integrated Assessment System and Observation Network for the North Atlantic Ocean
Coleman, L., Govern, F. M. M., Ovadnevaitė, J., Čeburnis, D., Baroni, T., Barrie, L. A., & O'Dowd, C. D. (2021) · Atmosphere · doi:10.3390/atmos12080955
(2022) · Atmospheric chemistry and physics · doi:10.5194/acp-2022-189-rc1
(2022) · Atmospheric chemistry and physics · doi:10.5194/acp-2022-173-rc1
(2022) · Atmospheric chemistry and physics · doi:10.5194/acp-2022-173-rc2
(2022) · Atmospheric chemistry and physics · doi:10.5194/acp-2022-189-rc2
Lupascu, A. (2022) · Atmospheric chemistry and physics · doi:10.5194/acp-2022-189-ac1
Self-citationRomero‐Alvarez, J. (2022) · Atmospheric chemistry and physics · doi:10.5194/acp-2022-173-ac1
Romero‐Alvarez, J. (2022) · Atmospheric chemistry and physics · doi:10.5194/acp-2022-173-ac3
Romero‐Alvarez, J. (2022) · Atmospheric chemistry and physics · doi:10.5194/acp-2022-173-ac2
Romero‐Alvarez, J. (2022) · Atmospheric chemistry and physics · doi:10.5194/acp-2022-173-ac4
(2023) · Atmospheric chemistry and physics · doi:10.5194/acp-2022-776-rc2
(2023) · Atmospheric chemistry and physics · doi:10.5194/acp-2022-776-rc1
Li, P. (2023) · Atmospheric chemistry and physics · doi:10.5194/acp-2022-678-ac2
Belis, C. A. (2023) · Atmospheric chemistry and physics · doi:10.5194/acp-2022-776-ac1
Mertens, M. (2024) · doi:10.5194/egusphere-2023-528-ac2
Mertens, M. (2024) · doi:10.5194/egusphere-2023-528-ac3
Mertens, M. (2024) · doi:10.5194/egusphere-2023-528-ac1
Phytotoxic Effects of Tropospheric Ozone Altered by Elevated Levels of Co2 in Indian MustardPreprint
Jothi, G. J., Sharma, D., Bhatia, A., Boomiraj, K., Antille, D. L., Kumar, S., Prasad, M., raj, R. R. K., Suroshe, S. S., & Vijay, D. (2024) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4865417
JawaharJothi, G., Sharma, D., Bhatia, A., Boomiraj, K., Antille, D. L., Kumar, S., Prasad, M., Suroshe, S. S., & Vijay, D. (2024) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-4880728/v1
Plaas, H. E., Karl, C., Cogbill, R., Rosales-Garcia, N., Stoop, A. H., Satterwhite, L. L., Mathieu-Campbell, M. E., Richmond‐Bryant, J., Paerl, H. W., & Hamilton, D. S. (2025) · Environmental Science Atmospheres · doi:10.1039/d5ea00020c
Sengupta, A., Ismail, F. N., & Amarasoma, S. (2025) · Methane · doi:10.3390/methane4040028
Role of Volatile Organic Compounds: Antioxidants or Plant Regulators
Mishra, A. K., Madheshiya, P., Gupta, S., Sahoo, A., Gupta, G. S., & Tiwari, S. (2026) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-032-03608-7_4
Innovations in ozone gas sensing
Chavda, V., Pokar, R., Hirpara, D., & Suthar, V. (2026) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-33839-7.00009-4
Role of ozone as one of the greenhouse effect gases
Kumar, P., Sharma, A., Singh, S., Tariq, M., Kumar, M., Yadav, V. K., & Kumar, R. C. (2026) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-33839-7.00013-6
Emerging ozone generation strategies: mechanistic insights and application-driven developments
Ali, F. A. A., alsmail, H. K., Kumar, T. N. R., Deepak, J. R., Hakami, Y. A., Padmanabhan, S., Assadi, A. A., Kumar, P. K. K., Fadhillah, F., Saravanan, P., et al. (2026) · RSC Advances · doi:10.1039/d6ra01992g
Meteorologically Driven Changes in Future Global Air Quality: Physical and Monetized Impacts
McDuffie, E. E., Murray, L. T., Eastham, S. D., Jackson, M., Sarofim, M. C., Raich, W., Burnett, R., Anderton, J., Roman, H. A., Neumann, J. E., et al. (2026) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.5c14713
Nalam, A., Mertens, M., Grewe, V., van Caspel, W. E., Jonson, J. E., & Butler, T. M. (2026) · Atmospheric Environment · doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2026.122328
Self-citation
- Authors
- Butler, T., Lupascu, A., & Nalam, A.
- Affiliations
- Research Institute for Sustainability at GFZ (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Butler, Tim
- Venue
- Atmospheric chemistry and physics
- Publisher
- Copernicus GmbH
- Published
- 2020-05-20
- Volume
- 20
- Issue
- 17
- Pages
- 10707-10731
- ISSN
- 1680-7316 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3028207660
- Cited by
- 101
- References
- 80
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 27 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 6
- FWCI
- 3.69
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Atmospheric chemistry and physics (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Refubium (Universitätsbibliothek der Freien Universität Berlin) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Publication Database IASS (Institute for Advanced Sustainability Studies (IASS)) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Universitätsbibliothek der FU Berlin Hochschulschriftenstelle u. Dokumentenserver (cc-by)
- Funders
- Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung
- Brandenburger Staatsministerium für Wissenschaft, Forschung und Kultur
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Atmospheric Science › Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Atmospheric Science › Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Keywords
- surface ozone, nitrogen oxides, reactive carbon, source-receptor relationships, ship emissions, methane, tropospheric chemistry
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
