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Regional and large-scale patterns in Amazon forest structure and function are mediated by variations in soil physical and chemical properties

Quesada, C. A., Lloyd, J., Schwarz, M., Baker, T. R., Phillips, O. L., Patiño, S., Czimczik, C., Hodnett, M. G., Herrera, R., Arneth, A., Lloyd, G., Malhi, Y., Dezzeo, N., Luizão, F. J., Santos, A. J. B., Schmerler, J., Arroyo, L., Silveira, M., Priante Filho, N., Jimenez, E. M., Paiva, R., Vieira, I., Neill, D. A., Silva, N., Peñuela, M. C., Monteagudo, A., Vásquez, R., Prieto, A., Rudas, A., Almeida, S., Higuchi, N., Lezama, A. T., López-González, G., Peacock, J., Fyllas, N. M., Alvarez Dávila, E., Erwin, T., di Fiore, A., Chao, K. J., Honorio, E., Killeen, T., Peña Cruz, A., Pitman, N., Núñez Vargas, P., Salomão, R., Terborgh, J., Ramírez, H.·2009
DOI 10.5194/bgd-6-3993-2009

Preprint — published as 10.5194/bg-9-2203-2012 · Paper page

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Abstract

Abstract. Forest structure and dynamics have been noted to vary across the Amazon Basin in an east-west gradient in a pattern which coincides with variations in soil fertility and geology. This has resulted in the hypothesis that soil fertility may play an important role in explaining Basin-wide variations in forest biomass, growth and stem turnover rates. To test this hypothesis and assess the importance of edaphic properties in affect forest structure and dynamics, soil and plant samples were collected in a total of 59 different forest plots across the Amazon Basin. Samples were analysed for exchangeable cations, C, N, pH with various P fractions also determined. Physical properties were also examined and an index of soil physical quality developed. Overall, forest structure and dynamics were found to be strongly and quantitatively related to edaphic conditions. Tree turnover rates emerged to be mostly influenced by soil physical properties whereas forest growth rates were mainly related to a measure of available soil phosphorus, although also dependent on rainfall amount and distribution. On the other hand, large scale variations in forest biomass could not be explained by any of the edaphic properties measured, nor by variation in climate. A new hypothesis of self-maintaining forest dynamic feedback mechanisms initiated by edaphic conditions is proposed. It is further suggested that this is a major factor determining forest disturbance levels, species composition and forest productivity on a Basin wide scale.

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  • Most soil surveys in the westernmost and interfluvial forests contain no evidence of terra pretas.

    “Less is known of terra preta occurrence in the westernmost and interfluvial forests, though most soil surveys in these areas contain no evidence of terra pretas [10,33-38] (figure 1).”

    From Predicting pre-columbian anthropogenic soils in amazonia (2014) · cites this paper as [38]

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Metadata

Authors
Quesada, C. A., Lloyd, J., Schwarz, M., Baker, T. R., Phillips, O. L., Patiño, S., Czimczik, C., Hodnett, M. G., Herrera, R., Arneth, A., Lloyd, G., Malhi, Y., Dezzeo, N., Luizão, F. J., Santos, A. J. B., Schmerler, J., Arroyo, L., Silveira, M., Priante Filho, N., Jimenez, E. M., Paiva, R., Vieira, I., Neill, D. A., Silva, N., Peñuela, M. C., Monteagudo, A., Vásquez, R., Prieto, A., Rudas, A., Almeida, S., Higuchi, N., Lezama, A. T., López-González, G., Peacock, J., Fyllas, N. M., Alvarez Dávila, E., Erwin, T., di Fiore, A., Chao, K. J., Honorio, E., Killeen, T., Peña Cruz, A., Pitman, N., Núñez Vargas, P., Salomão, R., Terborgh, J., & Ramírez, H.
Publisher
Copernicus GmbH
Published
2009-04-08
DOI
10.5194/bgd-6-3993-2009
Cited by
91
References
0
Type
Preprint
Licence
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ (vor)

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

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