The biogeography of relative abundance of soil fungi versus bacteria in surface topsoil
Open accessPublished version of a preprint
Abstract
Fungi and bacteria are the two dominant groups of soil microbial communities worldwide. By controlling the turnover of soil organic matter, these organisms directly regulate the cycling of carbon between the soil and the atmosphere. Fundamental differences in the physiology and life history of bacteria and fungi suggest that variation in the biogeography of relative abundance of soil fungi versus bacteria could drive striking differences in carbon decomposition and soil organic matter formation between different biomes. However, a lack of global and predictive information on the distribution of these organisms in terrestrial ecosystems has prevented the inclusion of relative abundance of soil fungi versus bacteria and the associated processes in global biogeochemical models. Here, we used a global-scale dataset of >3000 distinct observations of abundance of soil fungi versus bacteria in the surface topsoil (up to 15 cm) to generate the first quantitative and high-spatial-resolution (1 km 2 ) explicit map of soil fungal proportion, defined as fungi/fungi + bacteria, across terrestrial ecosystems. We reveal striking latitudinal trends where fungal dominance increases in cold and high-latitude environments with large soil carbon stocks. There was a strong nonlinear response of fungal dominance to the environmental gradient, i.e., mean annual temperature (MAT) and net primary productivity (NPP). Fungi dominated in regions with low MAT and NPP and bacteria dominated in regions with high MAT and NPP, thus representing slow vs. fast soil energy channels, respectively, a concept with a long history in soil ecology. These high-resolution models provide the first steps towards representing the major soil microbial groups and their functional differences in global biogeochemical models to improve predictions of soil organic matter turnover under current and future climate scenarios. Raw datasets and global maps generated in this study are available at https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.19556419 (Yu, 2022).
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Climate is coupled with litter carbon and nitrogen contents, soil cation exchange capacity, and soil bacterial and fungal diversity in explaining decomposition rates.
“Climate is coupled with other factors, such as litter carbon and nitrogen contents (35), soil cation exchange capacity (CEC), and soil bacterial and fungal diversity (10), in explaining decomposition rates, showing distinct distribution trends with latitude.”
From Substrate and climate determine terrestrial litter decomposition (2025) · cites this paper as [10]
Cites
Breiman, L. (2001) · Machine Learning · doi:10.1023/a:1010933404324 · Cited by 133,538 · see citing works
Van Der Heijden, M. G. A., Bardgett, R. D., & Van Straalen, N. M. (2008) · Ecology Letters · doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2007.01139.x · Cited by 5,053 · see citing works
Self-citationSoil bacterial and fungal communities across a pH gradient in an arable soil
Rousk, J., Bååth, E., Brookes, P. C., Lauber, C. L., Lozupone, C., Caporaso, J. G., Knight, R. D., & Fierer, N. (2010) · The ISME Journal · doi:10.1038/ismej.2010.58 · Cited by 4,242 · see citing works
Belowground biodiversity and ecosystem functioning
Bardgett, R. D., & van der Putten, W. H. (2014) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature13855 · Cited by 4,045 · see citing works
Self-citationGlobal diversity and geography of soil fungi
Tedersoo, L., Bahram, M., Põlme, S., Kõljalg, U., Yorou, N. S., Wijesundera, R., Villarreal‐Ruiz, L., Vasco‐Palacios, A. M., Thu, P. Q., Suija, A., et al. (2014) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1256688 · Cited by 3,714 · see citing works
Jenny, H. (1941) · Soil Science · doi:10.1097/00010694-194111000-00009 · Cited by 2,658 · see citing works
Structure and function of the global topsoil microbiome
Bahram, M., Hildebrand, F., Forslund, S. K., Anderson, J., Soudzilovskaia, N. A., van Bodegom, P. M., Bengtsson‐Palme, J., Anslan, S., Coelho, L. P., Harend, H., et al. (2018) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-018-0386-6 · Cited by 2,524 · see citing works
Bacterial and fungal contributions to carbon sequestration in agroecosystems
Six, J., Frey, S. D., Thiet, R. K., & Batten, K. M. (2006) · Soil Science Society of America Journal · doi:10.2136/sssaj2004.0347 · Cited by 2,176 · see citing works
(2012) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/springerreference_76825 · Cited by 2,071 · see citing works
Quantitative assessment of microbial necromass contribution to soil organic matter
Liang, C. C., Amelung, W., Lehmann, J. C., & Kästner, M. (2019) · Global Change Biology · doi:10.1111/gcb.14781 · Cited by 1,895 · see citing works
Rousk, J., Brookes, P. C., & Bååth, E. (2009) · Applied and Environmental Microbiology · doi:10.1128/aem.02775-08 · Cited by 1,673 · see citing works
Soil carbon debt of 12,000 years of human land use
Sanderman, J., Hengl, T., & Fiske, G. J. (2017) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1706103114 · Cited by 1,495 · see citing works
Soil nematode abundance and functional group composition at a global scale
van den Hoogen, J., Geisen, S., Routh, D., Ferris, H., Traunspurger, W., Wardle, D. A., de Goede, R. G. M., Adams, B. J., Ahmad, W., Andriuzzi, W. S., et al. (2019) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-019-1418-6 · Cited by 1,305 · see citing works
Self-citationThe global soil community and its influence on biogeochemistry
Crowther, T. W., van den Hoogen, J., Wan, J., Mayes, M. A., Keiser, A. D., Mo, L., Averill, C., & Maynard, D. S. (2019) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aav0550 · Cited by 1,280 · see citing works
Self-citationConsidering fungal:bacterial dominance in soils – Methods, controls, and ecosystem implications
Strickland, M. S., & Rousk, J. (2010) · Soil Biology and Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.05.007 · Cited by 1,219 · see citing works
Global patterns in belowground communities
Fierer, N., Strickland, M. S., Liptzin, D., Bradford, M. A., & Cleveland, C. C. (2009) · Ecology Letters · doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2009.01360.x · Cited by 1,218 · see citing works
Scaling laws predict global microbial diversity
Locey, K. J., & Lennon, J. T. (2016) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1521291113 · Cited by 1,184 · see citing works
Use and misuse of PLFA measurements in soils
Frostegård, Å., Tunlid, A., & Bååth, E. (2010) · Soil Biology and Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2010.11.021 · Cited by 1,177 · see citing works
Microbial contributions to climate change through carbon cycle feedbacks
Bardgett, R. D., Freeman, C., & Ostle, N. (2008) · The ISME Journal · doi:10.1038/ismej.2008.58 · Cited by 1,170 · see citing works
Self-citationMycorrhiza-mediated competition between plants and decomposers drives soil carbon storage
Averill, C., Turner, B. L., & Finzi, A. C. (2014) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature12901 · Cited by 1,100 · see citing works
Self-citationGlobal soil carbon projections are improved by modelling microbial processes
Wieder, W. R., Bonan, G. B., & Allison, S. (2013) · Nature Climate Change · doi:10.1038/nclimate1951 · Cited by 1,010 · see citing works
Effect of increasing CO 2 on the terrestrial carbon cycle
SCHIMEL, D. S., Stephens, B. B., & Fisher, J. B. (2014) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1407302112 · Cited by 738 · see citing works
Enzyme activities as a component of soil biodiversity: A review
Caldwell, B. A. (2005) · Pedobiologia · doi:10.1016/j.pedobi.2005.06.003 · Cited by 735 · see citing works
A trade-off between plant and soil carbon storage under elevated CO2
Terrer, C., Phillips, R. P., Hungate, B. A., Rosende, J., Pett-Ridge, J., Craig, M. E., van Groenigen, K. J., Keenan, T. F., Sulman, B. N., Stocker, B. D., et al. (2021) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-021-03306-8 · Cited by 690 · see citing works
Abiotic drivers and plant traits explain landscape‐scale patterns in soil microbial communities
de Vries, F. T., Manning, P., Tallowin, J. R. B., Mortimer, S. R., Pilgrim, E. S., Harrison, K. A., Hobbs, P. J., Quirk, H., Shipley, B., Cornelissen, J. H. C., et al. (2012) · Ecology Letters · doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2012.01844.x · Cited by 672 · see citing works
Self-citationJangid, K., Williams, M. A., Franzluebbers, A. J., Schmidt, T. M., Coleman, D. C., & Whitman, W. B. (2011) · Soil Biology and Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2011.06.022 · Cited by 482 · see citing works
Soil Fungal:Bacterial Ratios Are Linked to Altered Carbon Cycling
Malik, A. A., Chowdhury, S. P., Schlager, V., Oliver, A., Puissant, J., Mellado-Vázquez, P. G., Jehmlich, N., von Bergen�, M., Griffiths, R. I., & Gleixner, G. (2016) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2016.01247 · Cited by 457 · see citing works
Waring, B. G., Averill, C., & Hawkes, C. V. (2013) · Ecology Letters · doi:10.1111/ele.12125 · Cited by 455 · see citing works
Self-citationMicrobe-driven turnover offsets mineral-mediated storage of soil carbon under elevated CO2
Sulman, B. N., Phillips, R. P., Oishi, A. C., Shevliakova, E., & Pacala, S. W. (2014) · Nature Climate Change · doi:10.1038/nclimate2436 · Cited by 454 · see citing works
The fate of carbon in a mature forest under carbon dioxide enrichment
Jiang, M., Medlyn, B. E., Drake, J. E., Duursma, R. A., Anderson, I. C., Barton, C. V. M., Boer, M. M., Carrillo, Y., Castañeda-Gómez, L., Collins, L., et al. (2020) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2128-9 · Cited by 448 · see citing works
Explicitly representing soil microbial processes in Earth system models
Wieder, W. R., Allison, S., Davidson, E. A., Georgiou, K., Hararuk, O., He, Y., Hopkins, F. M., Luo, Y., Smith, M. J., Sulman, B. N., et al. (2015) · Global Biogeochemical Cycles · doi:10.1002/2015gb005188 · Cited by 414 · see citing works
Soares, M., & Rousk, J. (2019) · Soil Biology and Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2019.01.010 · Cited by 411 · see citing works
Land use and climatic factors structure regional patterns in soil microbial communities
Drenovsky, R. E., Steenwerth, K. L., Jackson, L. E., & Scow, K. M. (2009) · Global Ecology and Biogeography · doi:10.1111/j.1466-8238.2009.00486.x · Cited by 370 · see citing works
Self-citationDecomposition responses to climate depend on microbial community composition
Glassman, S. I., Weihe, C., Li, J., Albright, M., Looby, C. I., Martiny, A. C., Treseder, K. K., Allison, S., & Martiny, J. B. H. (2018) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1811269115 · Cited by 361 · see citing works
Resource compartmentation and the stability of real ecosystems
Moore, J. C., & Hunt, H. W. (1988) · Nature · doi:10.1038/333261a0 · Cited by 336 · see citing works
TOP-DOWN IS BOTTOM-UP: DOES PREDATION IN THE RHIZOSPHERE REGULATE ABOVEGROUND DYNAMICS?
Moore, J. C., McCann, K. S., Setälä, H. M., & de Ruiter, P. C. (2003) · Ecology · doi:10.1890/0012-9658(2003)084[0846:tibdpi]2.0.co;2 · Cited by 303 · see citing works
Soil microbes and their response to experimental warming over time: A meta-analysis of field studies
Romero‐Olivares, A. L., Allison, S., & Treseder, K. K. (2017) · Soil Biology and Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2016.12.026 · Cited by 300 · see citing works
Klamer, M. (2003) · Soil Biology and Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2003.08.019 · Cited by 272 · see citing works
Fungal biomass production and turnover in soil estimated using the acetate-in-ergosterol technique
Rousk, J., & Bååth, E. (2007) · Soil Biology and Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2007.03.023 · Cited by 219 · see citing works
Global biogeography of fungal and bacterial biomass carbon in topsoil
He, L., Rodrigues, J. L. M., Soudzilovskaia, N. A., Barceló, M., Olsson, P. A., Song, C., Tedersoo, L., Yuan, F., Yuan, F., Lipson, D. A., et al. (2020) · Soil Biology and Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2020.108024 · Cited by 210 · see citing works
Recent divergence in the contributions of tropical and boreal forests to the terrestrial carbon sink
Tagesson, T., Schurgers, G., Horion, S., Ciais, P., Tian, F., Brandt, M., Ahlström, A., Wigneron, J., Ardö, J., Olin, S., et al. (2020) · Nature Ecology & Evolution · doi:10.1038/s41559-019-1090-0 · Cited by 204 · see citing works
Frindte, K., Pape, R., Werner, K. A., Löffler, J., & Knief, C. (2019) · The ISME Journal · doi:10.1038/s41396-019-0409-9 · Cited by 195 · see citing works
Wang, Q., Liu, S., & Tian, P. (2018) · Global Change Biology · doi:10.1111/gcb.14105 · Cited by 166 · see citing works
Self-citationModel structures amplify uncertainty in predicted soil carbon responses to climate change
Shi, Z., Crowell, S., Luo, Y., & Moore, B. (2018) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-018-04526-9 · Cited by 161 · see citing works
Delgado‐Baquerizo, M., Powell, J. R., Hamonts, K., Reith, F., Mele, P. M., Brown, M. V., Dennis, P. G., Ferrari, B. C., Fitzgerald, A. M., Young, A., et al. (2017) · New Phytologist · doi:10.1111/nph.14634 · Cited by 142 · see citing works
Waldrop, M. P., Holloway, J. M., Smith, D. B., Goldhaber, M. B., Drenovsky, R. E., Scow, K. M., Dick, R. P., Howard, D. M., Wylie, B. K., & Grace, J. B. (2017) · Ecology · doi:10.1002/ecy.1883 · Cited by 136 · see citing works
Self-citationChen, Y., Ding, J., Peng, Y., Li, F., Yang, G., Liu, L., Qin, S., Fang, K., & Yang, Y. (2016) · Journal of Biogeography · doi:10.1111/jbi.12806 · Cited by 134 · see citing works
Self-citationActivity and biomass of soil microorganisms at different depths
Lavahun, M. F. E., Joergensen, R. G., & Meyer, B. (1996) · Biology and Fertility of Soils · doi:10.1007/bf00335816 · Cited by 128 · see citing works
Drought characteristics' role in widespread aspen forest mortality across Colorado, USA
Anderegg, L. D. L., Anderegg, W. R. L., Abatzoglou, J. T., Hausladen, A. M., & Berry, J. A. (2013) · Global Change Biology · doi:10.1111/gcb.12146 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
Zhu, Q., Riley, W. J., & Tang, J. (2016) · Ecological Applications · doi:10.1002/eap.1490 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
The microbe-mediated mechanisms affecting topsoil carbon stock in Tibetan grasslands
Yue, H., Wang, M., Wang, S., Gilbert, J. A., Sun, X., Wu, L., Lin, Q., Hu, Y., Li, X., He, Z., et al. (2015) · The ISME Journal · doi:10.1038/ismej.2015.19 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Self-citationHydraulic lift as a determinant of tree–grass coexistence on savannas
Yu, K., & D’Odorico, P. (2015) · New Phytologist · doi:10.1111/nph.13431 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Self-citationPervasive decreases in living vegetation carbon turnover time across forest climate zones
Yu, K., Smith, W. K., Trugman, A. T., Condit, R., Hubbell, S. P., Sardans, J., Peng, C. H., Zhu, K., Peñuelas, J., Cailleret, M., et al. (2019) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1821387116 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Self-citationDisturbance triggers non-linear microbe–environment feedbacks
Sengupta, A., Fansler, S. J., Chu, R., Danczak, R., Garayburu‐Caruso, V. A., Renteria, L., Song, H., Toyoda, J. G., Hager, J. R., & Stegen, J. (2021) · Biogeosciences · doi:10.5194/bg-18-4773-2021 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
A global map of relative abundance of soil fungi and bacteria in top surface soil
Yu, K. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.19556419 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
1 of the 56 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Microbial trait multifunctionality drives soil organic matter formation potential
Whalen, E. D., Grandy, A. S., Geyer, K. M., Morrison, E. W., & Frey, S. D. (2024) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-024-53947-2 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
Deforestation impacts soil biodiversity and ecosystem services worldwide
Qu, X., Li, X., Bardgett, R. D., Kuzyakov, Y. V., Revillini, D., Sonne, C., Xia, C., Ruan, H., Liu, Y., Cao, F., et al. (2024) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2318475121 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Self-citationSoil water status shapes nutrient cycling in agroecosystems from micrometer to landscape scales
Bauke, S. L., Amelung, W., Bol, R., Brandt, L., Brüggemann, N., Kandeler, E., Meyer, N., Or, D., Schnepf, A., Schloter, M., et al. (2022) · Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science · doi:10.1002/jpln.202200357 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Substrate and climate determine terrestrial litter decomposition
Wu, Q., Ni, X., Sun, X., Chen, Z., Hong, S., Berg, B., Zheng, M., Chen, J., Zhu, J., Ai, L., et al. (2025) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2420664122 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Divergent data-driven estimates of global soil respiration
Hashimoto, S., Ito, A., & Nishina, K. (2023) · Communications Earth & Environment · doi:10.1038/s43247-023-01136-2 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Siles, J. A., Vera, A., Díaz‐López, M., García, C. P., van den Hoogen, J., Crowther, T. W., Eisenhauer, N., Guerra, C. A., Jones, A., Orgiazzi, A., et al. (2023) · Geoderma · doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2023.116474 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Self-citationThe Golden Goal of Soil Management: Disease-Suppressive Soils
Ságová‐Marečková, M., Omelka, M., & Kopecký, J. (2022) · Phytopathology · doi:10.1094/phyto-09-22-0324-kd · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Grazing reverses climate-induced soil carbon gains on the Tibetan Plateau
Ren, S., Wang, T., Ji, X., Wei, L., Wei, J., Cao, Y., & Ding, J. (2025) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-025-62332-6 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
The apparent temperature sensitivity (Q10) of peat soil respiration: A synthesis study
Liu, H., Rezanezhad, F., Zhao, Y., He, H., Cappellen, P. V., & Lennartz, B. (2024) · Geoderma · doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2024.116844 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Yu, K., He, L., Niu, S., Wang, J., García‐Palacios, P., Dacal, M., Averill, C., Georgiou, K., Ye, J., Mo, F., et al. (2025) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-025-57900-9 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Self-citationDrivers and human impacts on topsoil bacterial and fungal community biogeography across Australia
Xue, P., Minasny, B., Wadoux, A. M. J. ‐., Dobarco, M. R., McBratney, A. B., Bissett, A. B., & de Caritat, P. (2024) · Global Change Biology · doi:10.1111/gcb.17216 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Loos, D., Filho, A. P. D. C., Dutilh, B. E., Barber, A. E., & Panagiotou, G. (2024) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114046 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Roche, D., Rickson, R. J., & Pawlett, M. (2024) · Frontiers in Agronomy · doi:10.3389/fagro.2024.1271672 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Liu, Z.-X., Lyu, Y., Liu, Y., Wang, Y., Xiong, M.-M., Tang, Y., Li, X., Sun, H., & Xu, J. (2024) · Journal of Environmental Management · doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.122653 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Zhu, H., He, J., Wu, Y., Tong, L., Zhang, W., & Zhuang, L. (2024) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.4c03695 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Camenzind, T., Haslwimmer, H., Rillig, M. C., Rueß, L., Finn, D., Tebbe, C. C., Hempel, S., & Marhan, S. (2024) · Soil Ecology Letters · doi:10.1007/s42832-024-0243-5 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Huang, J., Gao, Y., Peng, Y., Chang, P., Wu, Y., Guo, L., Luo, J., & Liu, L. (2025) · Ecology · doi:10.1002/ecy.70148 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
pH threshold in controlling dominant nitrification pathway in acidic soils
Cao, M., Li, Y., Zhang, Y., Yu, D. S., Uwiragiye, Y., Wang, J., Jing, H., Tang, Q., Qian, Y., Elrys, A. S., et al. (2024) · Agriculture Ecosystems & Environment · doi:10.1016/j.agee.2024.109278 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Khan, M. Z., Chabbi, A., Felbacq, A., Piton, G., Bertrand, I., Maron, P., & Rumpel, C. (2025) · Soil Biology and Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2025.109832 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Xue, P., Minasny, B., Dobarco, M. R., Wadoux, A. M. J. ‐., Padarian, J., Bissett, A. B., de Caritat, P., & McBratney, A. B. (2025) · Global Change Biology · doi:10.1111/gcb.70268 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Landscape-scale mapping of soil fungal distribution: proposing a new NGS-based approach
Janowski, D., & Leski, T. (2023) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-023-37538-7 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Anderson, D. W., & Wu, Y.-T. (2024) · Forest Ecology and Management · doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2024.121817 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Hou, L., Liang, Y., Wang, C., & Zhou, Z. (2024) · Applied Soil Ecology · doi:10.1016/j.apsoil.2024.105346 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Macroecology Differentiation Between Bacteria and Fungi in Topsoil Across the United States
He, L., Viovy, N., & Xu, X. (2023) · Global Biogeochemical Cycles · doi:10.1029/2023gb007706 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Bedrock modulates the elevational patterns of soil microbial communities
He, X., Wang, R., Goll, D. S., Augusto, L., Nunan, N., Ellwood, M. D. F., Gao, Q., Huang, J., Qian, S., Zhang, Y., et al. (2024) · Geoderma · doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2024.117136 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Self-citationLi, S., Song, X., Song, Y., Wu, Y., Yuan, J., Yang, X., Lü, Z., Xu, J. M., Ma, B., & He, Y. (2024) · Soil Biology and Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2024.109553 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Li, Y., Wu, M., Zhao, T., Mou, Z., Li, T., Zhang, J., Wu, W., Wang, F., Zhang, W., Wang, J., et al. (2024) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174672 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Toteva, G. Y., Reay, D., Jones, M. R., Cowan, N. J., Deshpande, A., Weerakoon, B., Nissanka, S. P., & Drewer, J. (2024) · Frontiers in Forests and Global Change · doi:10.3389/ffgc.2024.1335775 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Gao, N., Zhang, T., Li, Z., Tian, X., Chen, J., Zhang, J., Müller, C., & Li, S. (2024) · Applied Soil Ecology · doi:10.1016/j.apsoil.2024.105747 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Mola, M., Stratilaki, E., Mourouzidou, S., Kougias, P., Statiris, E., Papatheodorou, E. M., Malamis, S., & Monokrousos, N. (2025) · Journal of Environmental Management · doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.124231 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Guo, H., He, Q., Meng, Q., Min, Z., Chen, P., Li, Y., Chen, J., Qi, W., Zhou, Z., & Xu, J. (2025) · Forests · doi:10.3390/f16020298 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Soil “Health” Indicators in Soil Assessment (Review)
Kozhevin, P. A. (2023) · Moscow University Soil Science Bulletin · doi:10.3103/s0147687423020059 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
SOIL «HEALTH» INDICATORS IN SOIL ASSESSMENT (REVIEW)
Kozhevin, P. A. (2023) · Lomonosov Soil Science Journal · doi:10.55959/msu0137-0944-17-2023-78-2-16-25 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Modified fungal diversity in dense clay subsoils after deep-banding organic substrate
Vido, J. J., Jin, J., Hayden, H. L., Celestina, C., Sale, P. W. G., Armstrong, R. D., Tang, C., Wood, J. L., & Franks, A. E. (2024) · Soil Research · doi:10.1071/sr23203 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Vozzo, J. T., Chen, W., & Fraterrigo, J. M. (2025) · Functional Ecology · doi:10.1111/1365-2435.70065 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Jiang, X., Lian, Z., Yan, D., Liu, X., Cao, X., Song, W., & Niu, J. (2025) · Global Ecology and Conservation · doi:10.1016/j.gecco.2025.e03761 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Heterotrophic respiration by soil microbes in a changing climate
Jansson, J. K., Flamholz, A. I., Peixoto, R. S., Salles, J. F., Lennon, J. T., Rosado, A. S., Sanders, I. R., Jacobsen, C. S., Makhalanyane, T. P., Schadt, C. W., et al. (2026) · Nature Reviews Earth & Environment · doi:10.1038/s43017-026-00806-x · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Rios-Reyes, A., González-Lozano, K. J., Cabral-Miramontes, J. P., Hernández-González, J., Rios-Sosa, A., Gutiérrez, P. E. Á., Mireles-Torres, S. P., Batista‐García, R. A., & Aréchiga‐Carvajal, E. T. (2025) · Microbial Ecology · doi:10.1007/s00248-025-02567-4 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Lu, J.-L., Crowther, T. W., Delgado‐Baquerizo, M., Liu, W., Jiang, Y., Sun, H. S. H., & Wang, Z. (2026) · Earth system science data · doi:10.5194/essd-18-3697-2026 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Self-citationSiles, J. A., Vera, A., Labouyrie, M., van den Hoogen, J., Crowther, T. W., Romero, F., Tedersoo, L., García, C. P., Jones, A., Panagos, P., et al. (2025) · Molecular Ecology · doi:10.1111/mec.17806 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Self-citationHuang, C., Schroeter, S. A., Lehmann, K., Herrmann, M., Totsche, K. U., & Gleixner, G. (2024) · Frontiers in Earth Science · doi:10.3389/feart.2024.1458322 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Kumah, F. J., Kupagme, J. Y., Yorou, N. S., & Koné, D. (2025) · Open Journal of Ecology · doi:10.4236/oje.2025.153016 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Hillslope-induced environmental gradients regulate potential soil respiration in temperate peatlands
Li, Y., Zhao, P., Henrion, M., Gerin, P. A., Leclercq, M., Moore, A., d'Aische, E. D. B., Lambot, S., Opfergelt, S., Vanacker, V., et al. (2025) · CATENA · doi:10.1016/j.catena.2025.109769 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Mapping biological activity of soils using the ‘Life in Undies’ citizen science programme
Takáts, T., Balog, K., Mészáros, J., Takács, K., Kovács, Z. A., László, P., Takács, T., Pásztor, L., & Árvai, M. (2026) · Journal of Maps · doi:10.1080/17445647.2026.2614168 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Bardgett, R. D. (2025) · doi:10.1093/9780191858710.001.0001 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Self-citationWerbin, Z. R., Dukovski, I., Mankel, D., Anthony, W., Segrè, D., Bhatnagar, J. M., & Felici, M. (2025) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2025.03.21.644662 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
The Molecular Profile of Soil Microbial Communities Inhabiting a Cambrian Host Rock
Huang, T., Carrizo, D., Sánchez‐García, L., Hu, Q., Anglés, A., Gómez-Ortíz, D., Yu, L., & Fernández‐Remolar, D. C. (2024) · Microorganisms · doi:10.3390/microorganisms12030513 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Orita, T., Hishi, T., Kishimoto‐Yamada, K., Kurokawa, H., Ohta, M., & Hyodo, F. (2025) · Ecological Research · doi:10.1111/1440-1703.12552 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Santorufo, L., Santini, G., Memoli, V., Marco, A. D., Panico, S. C., Barile, R., & Maisto, G. (2025) · Applied and Environmental Soil Science · doi:10.1155/aess/5247180 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Energy retention from plant leaves by soil along an elevational gradient in arid mountain ecosystems
Xing, D., Wang, Y., Kuzyakov, Y. V., Ji, X., Filimonenko, E., Wang, C., Dong, S., Lin, L., Yao, S., Zhang, M., et al. (2025) · Geoderma · doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2025.117566 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Above-ground consumers, soil biota, and ecosystem function
Bardgett, R. D. (2025) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780191858710.003.0005 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Self-citationThielicke, M., Geist, L., Eichler-Löbermann, B., Wolfer, R., Thiem, R., Wendt, M., & Eulenstein, F. (2026) · Agriculture · doi:10.3390/agriculture16050523 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Zhao, Z., Xiong, X., Wang, P.-Y., Guo, J.-C., Ying-Long, C., Tao, H., Chang, N., Bi, C., Chen, Y.-L., Song, Y., et al. (2026) · Applied Soil Ecology · doi:10.1016/j.apsoil.2026.106976 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Mapping the controls and climate-induced vulnerability of forest litter decomposition in China
Lei, H., Zhang, H., Chen, S., Yang, J., Tan, J., Guo, M., Shi, Y., & Liu, Y. (2026) · Ecological Informatics · doi:10.1016/j.ecoinf.2026.103734 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Meta-analysis reveals asymmetric root and microbial phenology shifts under global change
Zhao, C., Qian, Z., Liang, S., Wang, S., McCormack, M. L., & Chen, W. (2026) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-026-73761-2 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Contrasting influences of ectomycorrhizal fungi on decomposition depending on soil fertility
Lindahl, B. D., Clemmensen, K. E., Fernandez, C. W., Kennedy, P. G., Mayer, M., & Parker, T. C. (2026) · New Phytologist · doi:10.1111/nph.71567 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Duşa, E. M., Stan, V., VRÎNCEANU, N. O., Mihalache, M., Vasile, M., Sicuia, O. A. B., & Voaideṣ, C. (2023) · Agronomy · doi:10.3390/agronomy13112837 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Functional composition of subsoil microbial communities changes with oak mortality
Goodman, A. C., Walker, E. N., Bogar, G. D., & Bogar, L. (2026) · Soil Biology and Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2026.110197 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Retraction: Fungal diversity in some soils of Hillah city
Al-Defiery, M. E., Al-Shaam, T. J. B., & Al-Husaniy, L. R. (2023) · AIP conference proceedings · doi:10.1063/5.0182263 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
RetractedHe, X. (2022) · Earth system science data · doi:10.5194/essd-2022-128-ac1
Self-citationKuzmanović, A., Tamindžija, D., Ninkov, J., Vasin, J., Djan, M., Milić, S., & Radnović, D. (2025) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.5203025
(2025) · Earth system science data · doi:10.5194/essd-2025-229-rc1
Novikov, A. V., Pristavka, A. A., Mikhailenko, V. L., Efremenko, Z. A., Yarygin, D. A., Yurinova, G. V., & Salovarova, V. P. (2025) · Proceedings of universities Applied chemistry and biotechnology · doi:10.21285/achb.1012
Feedbacks between plants and soil biota
Bardgett, R. D. (2025) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780191858710.003.0004
Self-citationBardgett, R. D. (2025) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780191858710.002.0005
Self-citationBardgett, R. D. (2025) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780191858710.003.0001
Self-citationBardgett, R. D. (2025) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780191858710.002.0006
Self-citationSome conclusions and future perspectives
Bardgett, R. D. (2025) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780191858710.003.0008
Self-citationBardgett, R. D. (2025) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780191858710.003.0006
Self-citationBardgett, R. D. (2025) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780191858710.003.0002
Self-citationSoil biota and sustainability goals
Bardgett, R. D. (2025) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780191858710.003.0007
Self-citationSoil biota and ecosystem functioning
Bardgett, R. D. (2025) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780191858710.003.0003
Self-citationWen, Y., Li, J., Zhang, G., Wang, X., Chen, T., Zhang, W., & Liu, G. (2026) · CATENA · doi:10.1016/j.catena.2026.109974
Rhizosphere microbial adaptation to salt stress in tomato under brackish water irrigation
Yang, J., Zhang, Y., Li, Z., Zhang, Y., Tian, Y., Zhu, Y., Ma, H., & Wu, L. (2026) · Plant and Soil · doi:10.1007/s11104-026-08496-6
Zhang, X., Chen, Y., Li, M., Chen, Y., & Liu, J. (2026) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2026.1729146
Alinezhad, A., Buelna, G., Ghislain, T., Malhautier, L., Zamir, S. M., Ferdowsi, M., & Heitz, M. (2026) · Bioremediation Journal · doi:10.1080/10889868.2026.2663474
Gao, C., Wan, G., Cheng, R., QuanSheng, L., 樊庆鲁, Cui, J., & Wu, L. (2026) · Plants · doi:10.3390/plants15101545
Zhang, G., Liao, Y., Wu, J., Wang, K., Zhang, Y., Shangguan, Z., Fang, Y., & Deng, L. (2026) · Carbon Research · doi:10.1007/s44246-026-00290-4
Microbial and anthropogenic controls on global soil nitrogen mineralization efficiency
Elrys, A. S., Müller, C., Ali, A. M., Al-Sadi, A. M., Zhu, T., & Samarah, N. H. (2026) · Journal of Environmental Management · doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2026.130272
Huai, Y., Li, Y., Yang, L., & Ning, P. (2026) · Applied Soil Ecology · doi:10.1016/j.apsoil.2026.107249
He, D., Xu, C., Shi, J., Niu, H., Lian, J., Wang, Q., Xing, W., Ruan, H., Wang, L., & Yuan, Y. (2026) · Applied Soil Ecology · doi:10.1016/j.apsoil.2026.107318
Self-citationAridity-driven transition of soil organic carbon dominance from microbial- to plant-derived carbon
Gc, W., Li, J., Mao, J., Fan, L., Ma, X., Yang, M., Liang, Y., Geng, Y., & Li, Y. (2026) · Soil and Tillage Research · doi:10.1016/j.still.2026.107379
Land use type affects the contribution of heterotrophic nitrification in New Zealand soils
Wu, H., Clough, T. J., Podolyan, A., Chisholm, C., Shen, J., Li, P., Zhang, C., Pan, H., Zhang, L., Zhang, Q., et al. (2026) · Geoderma · doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2026.117954
Sundua, E. W., Muoria, E., & Mokua, M. A. (2026) · East African Journal of Agriculture and Biotechnology · doi:10.37284/eajab.9.2.5436
Devkota, P., & van Gestel, N. C. (2026) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.7276380
Jiang, L., & Jia, B. (2026) · Soil Ecology Letters · doi:10.1007/s42832-026-0467-7
Davis, K., & Tannous, J. (2026) · Communications Earth & Environment · doi:10.1038/s43247-026-04088-5
Xu, C., Zhou, R., Feng, Y., & Yuan, Y. (2026) · Journal of Soils and Sediments · doi:10.1007/s11368-026-04604-2
- Authors
- Yu, K., van den Hoogen, J., Wang, Z., Averill, C., Routh, D., Smith, G. R., Drenovsky, R. E., Scow, K. M., Mo, F., Waldrop, M. P., Yang, Y., Tang, W., De Vries, F. T., Bardgett, R. D., Manning, P., Bastida, F., Baer, S. G., Bach, E. M., García, C., Wang, Q., Ma, L., Chen, B., He, X., Teurlincx, S., Heijboer, A., Bradley, J. A., & Crowther, T. W.
- Affiliations
- ETH Zurich (CH)
- Southwest Minzu University (CN)
- John Carroll University (US)
- University of California, Davis (US)
- Northwest A&F University (CN)
- Geology, Minerals, Energy, and Geophysics Science Center (US)
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CN)
- University of Manchester (GB)
- University of Bergen (NO)
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (ES)
- University of Kansas (US)
- The Nature Conservancy (US)
- Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NL)
- Utrecht University (NL)
- Queen Mary University of London (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Waldrop, Mark P.
- Bach, Elizabeth M.
- ORCID
- Yu, Kailiang
- Wang, Zhiqiang
- Averill, Colin
- Routh, Devin
- Smith, Gabriel Reuben
- Drenovsky, Rebecca E.
- Scow, Kate M.
- Mo, Fei
- Waldrop, Mark P.
- Yang, Yuanhe
- Tang, Weize
- Bardgett, Richard D.
- Manning, Peter
- Bastida, Felipe
- Baer, Sara G.
- Bach, Elizabeth M.
- García, Carlos
- Wang, Qingkui
- Ma, Linna
- Chen, Baodong
- He, Xianjing
- Teurlincx, Sven
- Heijboer, Amber
- Bradley, James A.
- Crowther, Thomas W.
- Venue
- Earth System Science Data
- Publisher
- Copernicus GmbH
- Published
- 2022-09-22
- Volume
- 14
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 4339-4350
- ISSN
- 1866-3508 (ISSN-L)
- 1866-3516
- OpenAlex
- W4296629326
- Cited by
- 86
- References
- 56
- Citations by year
- 2026: 24 · 2025: 30 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 4
- FWCI
- 8.72
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Earth system science data (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- KNAW research portal (Royal Academy of Art and Sciences (KNAW)) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Repository for Publications and Research Data (ETH Zurich) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- UvA-DARE (University of Amsterdam) (acceptedVersion, cc-by)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- HAL (submittedVersion)
- NORA - Norwegian Open Research Archives (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Institute of Botany, CAS Institutional Repository (submittedVersion)
- Research Explorer (The University of Manchester) (submittedVersion)
- Queen Mary Research Online (Queen Mary University of London) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- ETH Zürich Research Collection
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Soil Science › Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Interactions
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology
- Keywords
- soil fungi, soil bacteria, fungal dominance, biogeography, latitudinal gradient, mean annual temperature, net primary productivity, soil organic matter turnover, carbon cycle, terrestrial ecosystems
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
