The DOI matches its Crossref record; 11 of the 11 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Gender gap in the executive suite: CEOs and female executives report on breaking the glass ceiling
Abstract
Executive Overview While business organizations are struggling to hold on to their best and brightest women, the persistence of the glass ceiling makes this difficult. Dismantling the glass ceiling requires an accurate understanding of the overt and subtle barriers to advancement faced by women, and the strategies used to overcome these barriers. A large-scale, national survey of Fortune 1000 CEOs and the highest-ranking, most successful women in their companies identified key career strategies used by the women in their rise to the top, and the barriers to advancement they faced in their firms. A startling finding of the study was the disparity in the perceptions of chief executive officers and the high-ranking women in their firms. The Fortune 1000 CEOs had vastly different perceptions of the organizational and environmental barriers faced by their female employees, and in their companies' progress towards equality in the workplace.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Underrepresented employees, in turn, would likely find these visible assignments beneficial since they are being granted access to positions with more status and influence (e.g., Merton 1968, Ragins et al. 1998, Dato et al. 2021).”
From Included but undermined: How representation goals backfire (2025) · cites this paper as Ragins et al. 1998
Citations
Cites
Men and Women of the Corporation.
Strauss, G., & Kanter, R. M. (1978) · Industrial and Labor Relations Review · doi:10.2307/2522922 · Cited by 7,288
Dreher, G. F., & Ash, R. A. (1990) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037//0021-9010.75.5.539 · Cited by 970
The multicultural organization
Cox, T. (1991) · Academy of Management Perspectives · doi:10.5465/ame.1991.4274675 · Cited by 824
Gender and power in organizations: A longitudinal perspective.
Ragins, B. R., & Sundstrom, E. (1989) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037//0033-2909.105.1.51 · Cited by 685
Self-citationTHARENOU, P., LATIMER, S., & CONROY, D. (1994) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.2307/256604 · Cited by 484
EASIER SAID THAN DONE: GENDER DIFFERENCES IN PERCEIVED BARRIERS TO GAINING A MENTOR.
Ragins, B. R., & Cotton, J. L. (1991) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.2307/256398 · Cited by 453
Self-citationAll the right stuff: A comparison of female and male managers' career progression.
Stroh, L. K., Brett, J. M., & Reilly, A. H. (1992) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037//0021-9010.77.3.251 · Cited by 414
GENDER DIFFERENCES IN EXPECTED OUTCOMES OF MENTORING RELATIONSHIPS.
RAGINS, B. R., & SCANDURA, T. A. (1994) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.2307/256606 · Cited by 399
Self-citationFagenson, E. A. (1990) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.75.2.204 · Cited by 178
Mentor Reactions to Proteges: An Experiment with Managers
Olian, J. D., Carroll, S. J., & Giannantonio, C. M. (1993) · Journal of Vocational Behavior · doi:10.1006/jvbe.1993.1047 · Cited by 143
Cited by
PREDICTORS OF OBJECTIVE AND SUBJECTIVE CAREER SUCCESS: A META‐ANALYSIS
NG, T. W. H., EBY, L. T., SORENSEN, K. L., & FELDMAN, D. C. (2005) · Personnel Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1744-6570.2005.00515.x · Cited by 2,412
Rudolph, C. W., Katz, I. M., Lavigne, K. N., & Zacher, H. (2017) · Journal of Vocational Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.jvb.2017.05.008 · Cited by 951
Bowles, H. R., Babcock, L., & Lai, L. (2007) · Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes · doi:10.1016/j.obhdp.2006.09.001 · Cited by 857
Women and women of color in leadership: Complexity, identity, and intersectionality.
Sanchez-Hucles, J. V., & Davis, D. D. (2010) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/a0017459 · Cited by 425
Babic, A., & Hansez, I. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.618250 · Cited by 184
Metadata
- Authors
- Ragins, B. R., Townsend, B., & Mattis, M.
- Venue
- Academy of Management Perspectives
- Publisher
- Academy of Management
- Published
- 1998-02
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 28-42
- ISSN
- 1558-9080
- 1943-4529
- Cited by
- 238
- References
- 11
- Language
- en
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Gender gap in the executive suite: CEOs and female executives report on breaking the glass ceiling. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.5465/ame.1998.254976
- The paper
- Ragins, B. R., Townsend, B., & Mattis, M. (1998). Gender gap in the executive suite: CEOs and female executives report on breaking the glass ceiling. Academy of Management Perspectives. https://doi.org/10.5465/ame.1998.254976
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
