The DOI matches its Crossref record; 106 of the 106 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Emotional Intelligence: Sine Qua Non of Leadership or Folderol?
Abstract
Executive Overview Emotional intelligence (EI) is a divisive topic for many individuals interested in the subject of leadership. Whereas practitioner-oriented publications have claimed that EI is the sine qua non of leadership, academics continue to discuss EI's relevance for understanding leadership emergence, behavior, and effectiveness. Here we critically review recent empirical evidence to constructively frame what has become a contentious debate about the relevance of EI. We also identify unresolved issues and highlight future research directions that may promote our understanding of EI's role for leadership. We close with a practical discussion of possible applications of EI in leadership education, training, and development.
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Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Thus, empirical research on EI and effective leadership has established EI as crucial element for the success of leadership development projects [132].”
From Emotional intelligence, leadership, and work teams: A hybrid literature review. (2023) · cites this paper as [132]
In the citing paper
“A review of the literature concluded that leaders' EI was positively related to leadership emergence, the performance of effective leadership behaviors (such as transformational leadership), and to overall leadership effectiveness (Walter, Cole, & Humphrey, 2011).”
From A cross-cultural meta-analysis of how leader emotional intelligence influences subordinate task performance and organizational citizenship behavior (2018) · cites this paper as Walter, Cole, & Humphrey, 2011
In the citing paper
“Our findings shed light on how national culture impacts the role of EI for leadership (Emmerling & Boyatzis, 2012;Walter et al., 2011) in that we found some cultural contexts do activate the expression of leaders' EI to amplify its impact on subordinates' task performance and OCB.”
From A cross-cultural meta-analysis of how leader emotional intelligence influences subordinate task performance and organizational citizenship behavior (2018) · cites this paper as Walter et al., 2011
In the citing paper
“These findings not only confirm the predictions based on trait activation theory but also answer the calls from prior research (e.g., Walter et al., 2011;Wong, Wong, & Law, 2007) by demonstrating the cross-cultural implications for leaders' EI.”
From A cross-cultural meta-analysis of how leader emotional intelligence influences subordinate task performance and organizational citizenship behavior (2018) · cites this paper as Walter et al., 2011
Citations
Cites
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Research works printed but not linked: 10
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Cited by
Emotional intelligence predicts academic performance: a meta-analysis
MacCann, C., Jiang, Y., Brown, L. E. R., Double, K. S., Bucich, M., & Minbashian, A. (2020) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/bul0000219 · Cited by 1,121
Developments in Trait Emotional Intelligence Research
Petrides, K. V., Mikolajczak, M., Mavroveli, S., Sanchez-Ruiz, M.-J., Furnham, A., & Pérez-González, J.-C. (2016) · Emotion Review · doi:10.1177/1754073916650493 · Cited by 685
The bright side of emotional labor
Humphrey, R. H., Ashforth, B. E., & Diefendorff, J. M. (2015) · Journal of Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1002/job.2019 · Cited by 528
Self-citationA meta‐analysis of emotional intelligence and work attitudes
Miao, C., Humphrey, R. H., & Qian, S. (2017) · Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology · doi:10.1111/joop.12167 · Cited by 444
Self-citationCurrent Emotion Research in Organizational Behavior
Ashkanasy, N. M., & Humphrey, R. H. (2011) · Emotion Review · doi:10.1177/1754073910391684 · Cited by 376
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Walter, F., Cole, M. S., & Humphrey, R. H.
- Affiliations
- * Frank Walter () is Assistant Professor of Management, University of Groningen, The Netherlands.
- Texas Christian University (US)
- Virginia Commonwealth University (US)
- Venue
- Academy of Management Perspectives
- Publisher
- Academy of Management
- Published
- 2011-02
- Volume
- 25
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 45-59
- ISSN
- 1558-9080 (ISSN-L)
- 1943-4529
- OpenAlex
- W2099236694
- Cited by
- 258
- References
- 98
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 23 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 23 · 2015: 29 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 17
- FWCI
- 21.26
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Academy of Management Perspectives (publishedVersion)
- University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Emotional Intelligence and Performance
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Ego Development and Educational Practices
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Strategy and Management › Leadership and Management in Organizations
- Keywords
- emotional intelligence, leadership, leadership emergence, leadership effectiveness, leadership behavior, leadership development, leadership training, leadership education
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- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Emotional Intelligence: Sine Qua Non of Leadership or Folderol? https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.5465/amp.25.1.45
- The paper
- Walter, F., Cole, M. S., & Humphrey, R. H. (2011). Emotional Intelligence: Sine Qua Non of Leadership or Folderol? Academy of Management Perspectives. https://doi.org/10.5465/amp.25.1.45
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
