The DOI matches its Crossref record; 75 of the 75 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Sleep problems during the COVID-19 pandemic by population: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Open accessAbstract
Study objectives No systematic review or meta-analysis has yet been conducted to examine the impact of the pandemic on the prevalence of sleep problems among the general population, health care workers, or patients with COVID-19. Therefore, this systematic review was conducted to assess the impact and prevalence of sleep problems among those categories.Methods American Psychological Association PsycINFO, Cochrane, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), EBSCOhost, EMBASE, Google Scholar, MEDLINE, ProQuest Medical, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Web of Science from November 1, 2019 to July 5, 2020 were used. Additionally, 5 preprints servers (medRxiv.org; preprints.org; psyarxiv.com; arXiv.org; biorxiv.org) were also searched for papers accepted after peer review but not yet published and indexed. There was no language restriction. The random-effect models meta-analysis model was used with the DerSimonian and Laird methodology.Results Forty-four papers, involving a total of 54,231 participants from 13 countries, were judged relevant and contributed to the systematic review and meta-analysis of sleep problems during COVID-19. The global pooled prevalence rate of sleep problems among all populations was 35.7% (95% confidence interval, 29.4-42.4%). Patients with COVID-19 appeared to be the most affected group, with a pooled rate of 74.8% (95% confidence interval, 28.7-95.6%). Health care workers and the general population had comparative rates of sleep problems, with rates of 36.0% (95% confidence interval, 21.1-54.2%) and 32.3% (95% confidence interval, 25.3-40.2%), respectively.Conclusions The prevalence of sleep problems during the COVID-19 pandemic is high and affects approximately 40% of people from the general and health care populations. Patients with active COVID-19 appeared to have a higher prevalence rates of sleep problems.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The check wasn’t confident either way, so it gives no verdict — never disputed.
In the citing paper
“Moreover, students appear to exhibit worse sleep in the 5 weeks before their exams compared to the rest of the semester [83].”
From A systematic review and meta-analysis of poor sleep, insomnia symptoms and stress in undergraduate students (2022) · cites this paper as [83]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn the citing paper
“PSQI prevalence was also comparable to that in the general population during the outbreak determined using the same tool (Jahrami et al., 2021).”
From Long-term effects of COVID-19 on mental health: a systematic review (2022) · cites this paper as Jahrami et al., 2021
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
1 retracted
Huang, Y., & Zhao, N. (2020) · Psychology Health & Medicine · doi:10.1080/13548506.2020.1754438 · Cited by 329
RetractedLiberati, A., Altman, D. G., Tetzlaff, J., Mulrow, C., Gøtzsche, P. C., Ioannidis, J. P. A., Clarke, M., Devereaux, P. J., Kleijnen, J., & Moher, D. (2009) · PLoS Medicine · doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1000100 · Cited by 28,164
Lai, J., Ma, S., Wang, Y., Cai, Z., Hu, J., Wei, N., Wu, J., Du, H., Chen, T., Li, R., et al. (2020) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.3976 · Cited by 8,015
Huang, Y., & Zhao, N. (2020) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112954 · Cited by 3,736
Salari, N., Hosseinian-Far, A., Jalali, R., Vaisi-Raygani, A., Rasoulpoor, S., Mohammadi, M., Rasoulpoor, S., & Khaledi-Paveh, B. (2020) · Globalization and Health · doi:10.1186/s12992-020-00589-w · Cited by 3,560
Analysing data and undertaking meta‐analyses
Deeks, J. J., Higgins, J. P., Altman, D. G., & on behalf of the Cochrane Statistical Methods Group (2019) · Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions · doi:10.1002/9781119536604.ch10 · Cited by 2,672
Short- and long-term health consequences of sleep disruption
Medic, G., Wille, M., & Hemels, M. (2017) · Nature and Science of Sleep · doi:10.2147/nss.s134864 · Cited by 1,776
Roy, D., Tripathy, S., Kar, S. K., Sharma, N., Verma, S. K., & Kaushal, V. (2020) · Asian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102083 · Cited by 1,759
Herzog, R., Álvarez-Pasquin, M. J., Díaz, C., Del Barrio, J. L., Estrada, J. M., & Gil, Á. (2013) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/1471-2458-13-154 · Cited by 1,652
Liu, N., Zhang, F., Wei, C., Jia, Y., Shang, Z., Sun, L., Wu, L., Sun, Z., Zhou, Y., Wang, Y., et al. (2020) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112921 · Cited by 1,548
Research works printed but not linked: 5
- Bohlken J, 2020, Experience of practice-based psychiatrists and neurologists during the COVID-19 pandemic, Psychiatr Prax., 47, 214
- 10.12659/MSMBR.924085 · DOI
- 10.12659/MSM.923921 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.3390/ijerph17124479 · DOI
- Singh DP, 2020, Nocturnal cough. In: Cascella M, Rajnik M, Cuomo A, Dulebohn SC, Di Napoli RS, eds. StatPearls
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Marvaldi, M., Mallet, J., Dubertret, C., Moro, M. R., & Guessoum, S. B. (2021) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.03.024 · Cited by 562
“2) (Cooke et al., 2020; Salari et al., 2020a; Jahrami et al., 2020) Post-traumatic stress and acute stress among HCWs may be due to the high amounts of brutal and unexpectable deaths they are exposed to.”
BackgroundLong-term effects of COVID-19 on mental health: a systematic review
Bourmistrova, N. W., Solomon, T., Braude, P., Strawbridge, R., & Carter, B. (2022) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2021.11.031 · Cited by 369
“PSQI prevalence was also comparable to that in the general population during the outbreak determined using the same tool (Jahrami et al., 2021).”
ResultAlimoradi, Z., Broström, A., Tsang, H. W. H., Griffiths, M. D., Haghayegh, S., Ohayon, M. M., Lin, C., & Pakpour, A. H. (2021) · EClinicalMedicine · doi:10.1016/j.eclinm.2021.100916 · Cited by 415
“A recent study conducted a meta-analysis to understand the sleep problems during the COVID-19 pandemic [38].”
BackgroundResultGardani, M., Bradford, D. R. R., Russell, K., Allan, S., Beattie, L., Ellis, J. G., & Akram, U. (2022) · Sleep Medicine Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2021.101565 · Cited by 368
Jahrami, H., Alhaj, O. A., Humood, A. M., Alenezi, A. F., Fekih‐Romdhane, F., Al-Rasheed, M. M., Saif, Z., Bragazzi, N. L., Pandi-Perumal, S. R., BaHammam, A. S., et al. (2022) · Sleep Medicine Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2022.101591 · Cited by 359
“%) because of the core symptoms of the disease, including cough, fever, in fl ammation, and shortness of breath, all of which are related to sleep disturbances [2].”
InfluentialSelf-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Jahrami, H., BaHammam, A. S., Bragazzi, N. L., Saif, Z., Faris, M., & Vitiello, M. V.
- Affiliations
- Ministry of Health (BH)
- King Saud University (SA)
- York University (CA)
- University of Sharjah (AE)
- University of Washington (US)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine
- Published
- 2021-02
- Volume
- 17
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 299-313
- ISSN
- 1550-9389 (ISSN-L)
- 1550-9397
- PMC
- PMC7853219
- OpenAlex
- W3097605919
- Cited by
- 751
- References
- 68
- Citations by year
- 2026: 32 · 2025: 57 · 2024: 90 · 2023: 180 · 2022: 268 · 2021: 124
- FWCI
- 11.23
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › COVID-19 and Mental Health
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Obstructive Sleep Apnea Research
- Keywords
- sleep disorders, COVID-19 pandemic, healthcare workers, COVID-19 patients, general population
- MeSH terms
- COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Humans, Quarantine, Sleep Wake Disorders, Pandemics
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
