Biphasic effects of alcohol as a function of circadian phase
Open accessAbstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES: To assess how alcohol affects multiple sleep latency tests (MSLT) and subjective measures of stimulation/sedation when alcohol is given at different circadian phases. PARTICIPANTS: Twenty-seven healthy young adults (age 21-26 yr) were studied. DESIGN: Double-blind placebo and alcohol (vodka tonic targeting 0.05 g% concentration) beverages were each administered three times during the 20-h forced desynchrony protocol. Sleep latency tests and Biphasic Effects of Alcohol Scale (BAES) were administered on each forced desynchrony day. The outcome variables for this study include sleep onset latency (SOL) and stimulation and sedation value (from the BAES). Each outcome variable was associated with the ascending or descending limb of the breath alcohol concentration (BrAC) curve and assigned a circadian phase within a 90° bin. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: BrAC confirmed targeted maximal levels. Only outcome variables associated with the ascending and descending limb of the alcohol curve were analyzed for this article. Alcohol administered at a circadian time associated with greatest sleepiness showed longer SOL compared with placebo when measured on the ascending limb of the BrAC curve. We also found longer SOL with alcohol on the ascending limb of the BrAC curve in a circadian bin that favors greatest alertness. We observed shorter SOLs on the descending limb of the BrAC curve, but with no circadian phase interaction. The subjective data were partially consistent with the objective data. CONCLUSIONS: The physiologic findings in this study support the biphasic stimulating and sedating properties of alcohol, but limit the effect to specific circadian times.
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In a study with young adults, the time-of-day of alcohol use influenced the extent of stimulation and sedation.
“In a study with young adults, the time-of-day of alcohol use influenced the extent of stimulation and sedation (Van Reen, Rupp, Acebo, Seifer, & Carskadon, 2013).”
From Sleep and circadian contributions to adolescent alcohol use disorder (2015) · cites this paper as Van Reen et al., 2013
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- Authors
- Van Reen, E., Rupp, T. L., Acebo, C., Seifer, R., & Carskadon, M. A.
- Affiliations
- Brown University (US)
- Venue
- SLEEP
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2013-01
- Volume
- 36
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 137-145
- ISSN
- 0161-8105 (ISSN-L)
- 1550-9109
- PMC
- PMC3524536
- OpenAlex
- W2066494069
- Cited by
- 37
- References
- 12
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 8
- FWCI
- 3.86
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- SLEEP (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Adelaide Research & Scholarship (AR&S) (University of Adelaide) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (AA 13252)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Keywords
- alcohol, circadian phase, biphasic effect, sleep latency, multiple sleep latency test, forced desynchrony, alcohol concentration, alertness, sleepiness, subjective sleepiness
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Ethanol, Alcoholic Beverages, Analysis of Variance, Breath Tests, Central Nervous System Depressants, Circadian Rhythm, Double-Blind Method, Electrocardiography, Electroencephalography, Electromyography, Female, Humans, Male, Sleep, Sleep Stages, Polysomnography, Young Adult
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