Agent-based modeling of environment-migration linkages: a review
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Environmental change can lead to human migration and vice versa.Agent-based models (ABMs) are valuable tools to study these linkages because they can represent individual migration decisions of human actors.Indeed, there is an increasing, yet small, number of ABMs that consider the natural environment in rural migration processes.Therefore, we reviewed 15 ABMs of environment-migration linkages in rural contexts to synthesize the current state of the art.The reviewed ABMs are mostly applied in tropical contexts, serve a wide range of purposes, and cover diverse scales and types of environmental factors, migration processes, and social-ecological feedbacks.We identified potential for future model development with respect to the (1) complexity of environmental influence factors, (2) representation of relevant migration flows, and (3) type of social-ecological couplings.We found that existing models tend to not include fully integrated feedbacks and provide recommendations for the further development of ABMs to contribute to an understanding of the environment-migration-nexus in the future.
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Other applications of ABMs include modeling how behavior under social norms changes with external pressures, how the economy and climate may evolve given a diversity of political and economic beliefs, and how individuals may migrate in response to environmental changes.
“Other applications of ABMs include modeling how behavior under social norms changes with external pressures [715], how the economy and climate may evolve given a diversity of political and economic beliefs [272], and how individuals may migrate in response to environmental changes [787].”
From Tackling climate change with machine learning (2023) · cites this paper as [787]
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- Authors
- Thober, J., Schwarz, N., & Hermans, K.
- Affiliations
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (DE)
- Venue
- Ecology and Society
- Publisher
- Resilience Alliance, Inc.
- Published
- 2018
- Volume
- 23
- Issue
- 2
- ISSN
- 1708-3087 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2808541053
- Cited by
- 79
- References
- 65
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 4
- FWCI
- 19.34
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by-nc
- Locations
- Ecology and Society (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- University of Twente Research Information (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Socio-Environmental Systems Modeling (acceptedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- University of Twente Research Information (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Funders
- Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (01UU1606)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Climate Change, Adaptation, Migration
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › demographic modeling and climate adaptation
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Land Use and Ecosystem Services
- Keywords
- agent-based modeling, rural migration, environmental change, migration decisions, social-ecological feedbacks, migration flows
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