Choosing and Using Interactional Scaffolds: How Teachers’ Moment-to-Moment Supports Can Generate and Sustain Emergent Bilinguals’ Engagement with Challenging English Texts
Abstract
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Students may not develop a deeper comprehension ability through IRE/IRF, which can be achieved through opportunities for multiple interpretations of text information.
“Students may not develop a deeper comprehension ability, which can be achieved through opportunities for multiple interpretations of text information (Johnson 2019).”
From The Impact of a Dialogic Intervention on a Chinese Rural Teacher and Students' Stances Towards Texts (2025) · cites this paper as Johnson 2019
Cites
Lave, J., & Wenger, E. (1991) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511815355 · Cited by 33,219 · see citing works
THE ROLE OF TUTORING IN PROBLEM SOLVING <sup>*</sup>
Wood, D., Bruner, J. S., & Ross, G. (1976) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1976.tb00381.x · Cited by 8,851 · see citing works
García, O., & Wei, L. (2014) · doi:10.1057/9781137385765 · Cited by 3,831 · see citing works
Scaffolding in Teacher–Student Interaction: A Decade of Research
van de Pol, J., Volman, M., & Beishuizen, J. (2010) · Educational Psychology Review · doi:10.1007/s10648-010-9127-6 · Cited by 1,873 · see citing works
Menken, K. (2013) · Theory Into Practice · doi:10.1080/00405841.2013.804307 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Mertzman, T. (2008) · Journal of Research in Reading · doi:10.1111/j.1467-9817.2007.00356.x · Cited by 25 · see citing works
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A review of teacher implemented scaffolding in K-12
Dominguez, S., & Svihla, V. (2023) · Social Sciences & Humanities Open · doi:10.1016/j.ssaho.2023.100613 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Domke, L. M., & Cerrato, M. A. (2024) · Review of Educational Research · doi:10.3102/00346543241298667 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Lan, S.-W. (2025) · Language and Education · doi:10.1080/09500782.2025.2464581 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
The Impact of a Dialogic Intervention on a Chinese Rural Teacher and Students' Stances Towards Texts
Zhong, Y., Davies, M., & Wilson, A. (2025) · European Journal of Education · doi:10.1111/ejed.12816 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
İş, E., & Atış, M. (2024) · Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi · doi:10.21764/maeuefd.1470413 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
A Model for Adolescent Reading Instruction
Frey, N., Fisher, D., Barbee, K., & Ortega, S. (2025) · Education sciences · doi:10.3390/educsci15111442 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
“Sentence analysis instruction coupled with scaffolding techniques is especially useful for multilingual learners (E. M. Johnson, 2019; E. M. Johnson, 2021).”
Building Bridges: Five Sociocultural Practices for Reading Comprehension
Hinchman, K. A., Cervetti, G. N., Greenleaf, C., & Pearson, P. D. (2026) · The Reading teacher · doi:10.1002/trtr.70064
Parashchuk, V., & Kavytska, T. (2025) · АRS LINGUODIDACTICAE · doi:10.17721/2663-0303.2025.1.07
- Authors
- Moore Johnson, E.
- Affiliations
- Stanford University
- Venue
- Research in the Teaching of English
- Published
- 2019-02-01
- Volume
- 53
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 245-269
- ISSN
- 0034-527X (ISSN-L)
- 1943-2348
- OpenAlex
- W2955388475
- Cited by
- 22
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 3
- FWCI
- 11.82
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Research in the Teaching of English (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Language and Linguistics › EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning
- Social Sciences › Linguistics and Language › Multilingual Education and Policy
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Literature and Literary Theory › Second Language Learning and Teaching
- Keywords
- emergent bilinguals, teacher support, challenging texts, student engagement, second language learners, reading instruction, classroom discourse
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