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The genetical theory of natural selection
Abstract
We need scarcely add that the contemplation in natural science of a wider domain than the actual leads to a far better understanding of the actual.' (p. 267,The, Nature of the Physical World.)x PREFACE evolutionary theory was thus chiefly retrogressive, the mighty body of Mendelian researches throughout the world has evidently out- grown the fallacies with which it was at first fostered.As a pioneer of genetics he has done more than enough to expiate the rash polemics of his early writings.To treat Natural Selection as an agency based independently on its own foundations is not to mimimize its importance in the theory of evolution.On the contrary, as soon as we require to form opinions by other means than by comparison and analogy, such an indepen- dent deductive basis becomes a necessity.This necessity is particu- larly to be noted for mankind ; since we have some knowledge of the structure of society, of human motives, and of the vital statistics of this species, the use of the deductive method can supply a more intimate knowledge of the evolutionary processes than is elsewhere possible.In addition it will be of importance for our subject to call ) attention to several consequences of the principle of Natural Selection!which, since they do not consist in the adaptive modification of specific I forms, have necessarily escaped attention.The genetic phenomena of I dominance and linkage seem to offer examples of this class, the future ' investigation of which may add greatly to the scope of our subject.No efforts of mine could avail to make the book easy reading.I have endeavoured to assist the reader by giving short summaries at the ends of all chapters, except Chapter IV, which is summarized conjointly with Chapter V.Those who prefer to do so may regardChapter IV as a mathematical appendix to the corresponding part of the summary.The deductions respecting Man are strictly in- separable from the more general chapters, but have been placed together in a group commencing with Chapter VIII.I believe no one will be surprised that a large number of the points considered demand a far fuller, more rigorous, and more comprehensive treat- ment.It seems impossible that full justice should be done to the subject in this way, until there is built up a tradition of mathematical work devoted to biological problems, comparable to the researches upon which a mathematical physicist can draw in the resolution of special difficulties.
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In the citing paper
“If the mutational spectrum is such that mutations are neutral on average, then Fisher's Fundamental Theorem of Natural Selection (Fisher, 1930, Price, 1972) predicts that biological fitness increases over time, corresponding to a large prevalence P A ð Þ.”
From Using statistical methods to model the fine-tuning of molecular machines and systems (2020) · cites this paper as Fisher, 1930
In the citing paper
“Thus, selection of beneficial mutations requires breaking the linkage between detrimental and beneficial mutations (Chao, 1990, Duarte et al., 1992) and avoiding competition between beneficial mutations (“clonal interference” effect) (Fisher, 1930, Lenski et al., 1998, Roze and Barton, 2006, Worobey and Holmes, 1999).”
From Engineering the Live-Attenuated Polio Vaccine to Prevent Reversion to Virulence (2020) · cites this paper as Fisher, 1930
In the citing paper
“GWAS associations can be interpreted as estimates of direct individual genetic effects, that is, the effect of inheriting a genetic variant (or a correlated variant) on a phenotype4–6.”
From Within-sibship genome-wide association analyses decrease bias in estimates of direct genetic effects (2022) · cites this paper as [5]
In the citing paper
“This highlights an evolutionary asymmetry: variants affecting early-life traits are more strongly shaped by selection due to their greater impact on reproductive fitness and survival19,37,60,61.”
From Genetic trade-offs in fertility and longevity explain the maintenance of disease-associated alleles in humans (2026) · cites this paper as [60]
In the citing paper
“standard quantitative genetic theory provides ample support for the infinitesimal model7,8.”
From Rare and common variants: twenty arguments (2012) · cites this paper as [7]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Fisher, R. A.
- Corresponding author
- Fisher, Ronald Aylmer
- Venue
- Clarendon Press eBooks
- Publisher
- Clarendon Press
- Published
- 1930
- OpenAlex
- W2004778468
- Cited by
- 17,617
- References
- 25
- Citations by year
- 2026: 311 · 2025: 399 · 2024: 330 · 2023: 344 · 2022: 342 · 2021: 525 · 2020: 464 · 2019: 460 · 2018: 480 · 2017: 502 · 2016: 548 · 2015: 560 · 2014: 586 · 2013: 551 · 2012: 567
- FWCI
- 17.67
- Type
- book
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Clarendon Press eBooks (publishedVersion)
- Biodiversity Heritage Library (Smithsonian Institution) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Evolution and Genetic Dynamics
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › History and Philosophy of Science › Philosophy of Biology and Scientific Explanation
- Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Economic Theory and Institutions
- Keywords
- natural selection, Mendelian genetics, evolutionary theory, mathematical population genetics, dominance, linkage, human evolution, history of genetics
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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