Tree basal area as an index of thermal cover for elk /
Open accessAbstract
The relationship of basal area to crown closure was studied in five major forest types of the Blue Mountains of Oregon and Washington.The regressions developed give wildlife and forest managers a tool for estimating the amount of crown closure if data are not available from stand examinations.Information is used in determining quantity and quality of elk thermal cover.
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Basal area is an important descriptor of forests and a powerful predictor in the study of animal-vegetation interactions.
“Tree size and stem density are important characteristics of overall forest structure. These related metrics can be jointly expressed as basal area, or the proportion of the sampled area taken up by woody stems, which has become known as both an important descriptor of forests in botanical works and as a powerful predictor in the study of animal-vegetation interactions (Dealy, 1985; Holdo, 2007;”
From Fine-scale habitat requirements of the pygmy hippopotamus (Choeropsis liberiensis): Implications for rainforest conservation in West Africa (2026) · cites this paper as Dealy, 1985
The Abstract (page unavailable) says basal area was used to estimate crown closure in five Blue Mountains forest types, informing assessments of elk thermal cover. The Results and Discussion (page unavailable) report significant basal-area regressions, supporting its use as a predictor in this specific setting. The paper does not establish the broader claim that basal area is a powerful predictor across animal–vegetation interactions or an important descriptor in botanical works. (LLM, conf=0.84)
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Cites
Forest cover types of the United States and Canada
Eyre, F. H. (1980) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 714 · see citing works
Wildlife Habitats in Managed Forests: The Blue Mountains of Oregon and Washington
Kerr, R. M., & Thomas, J. W. (1980) · Journal of Range Management · doi:10.2307/3898589 · Cited by 304 · see citing works
Dilworth, J. R., & Bell, J. F. (1961) · Cited by 17 · see citing works
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Knowles, R. L., Horváth, G., Carter, M. A., & Hawke, M. F. (1999) · Forestry sciences · doi:10.1007/978-94-017-0679-7_7 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Forest cover selection and activity of cow moose in summer
Demarchi, M. W., & Bunnell, F. L. (1995) · ACTA THERIOLOGICA · doi:10.4098/at.arch.95-3 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Knowles, R. L., Horvath, G. C., Carter, M. A., & Hawke, M. F. (1998) · Agroforestry Systems · doi:10.1023/a:1026463623463 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Irwin, L. L., Riggs, R. A., & Verschuyl, J. P. (2018) · Forest Ecology and Management · doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2018.05.007 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Kempkes, J. B., Si, Y., van ’t Zelfde, M., Digbeu, H. E. O., Bogui, E. B., Ouattara, K., Koné, I., & Paris, M. (2026) · Global Ecology and Conservation · doi:10.1016/j.gecco.2026.e04346
- Authors
- Dealy, J. E., & Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment Station (Portland, O. ).
- Corresponding author
- Dealy, J. Edward.
- Publisher
- U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment Station,
- Published
- 1985
- OpenAlex
- W4254486816
- Cited by
- 5
- References
- 3
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2018: 1
- FWCI
- 0.00
- Type
- book
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Biodiversity Heritage Library (Smithsonian Institution) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Rangeland and Wildlife Management
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Nature and Landscape Conservation › Forest ecology and management
- Keywords
- tree basal area, crown closure, elk, thermal cover, wildlife habitat, forest stand structure, Blue Mountains
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