Social behavior of the American buffalo (Bison bison bison)
Open accessAbstract
approximately up to about fourteen years.Cows were aged accurately up to three years.Plate I, Figures 1 &2, demonstrate the technique of aging by size and shape of horns more completely than any written description.Aging was most easily accomplished when the horns were viewed head-on and was more difficult in profile views.Complementing the horns as indicators of age were several other physical features of the buffalo.These included relative size, profile of the body and head, size of the hump and the amount of hair on the crown, forehead and forelegs.The size of the chin "bell" was a helpful indicator that was sometimes indefinite since some animals wore it off in grazing.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
McHugh (1958) reported that 23% of trees with bark damage had been completely girdled and died or would likely die.
“In the same area, McHugh (1958) reported that 23% of trees with bark damage had been completely girdled and died or would likely die, while Olenicki and Irby (2005) found that 44% of pine saplings had been killed along the forest margin of the same area.”
From Bison alter the northern Yellowstone ecosystem by breaking aspen saplings (2023) · cites this paper as McHugh (1958)
Male B. gaurus have been observed tending to females, standing beside a female while she grazes and following her step for step as she moves and grazes.
“Males have also been observed tending to females-a behavior originally described for American bison (McHugh 1958)-which is when a male stands beside a female while she grazes and then follows her step for step as she moves and grazes (Schaller 1967).”
From Bos frontalis and Bos gaurus (Artiodactyla: Bovidae) (2018) · cites this paper as McHugh 1958
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Patterns of copulatory behavior in male mammals
Dewsbury, D. A. (1972) · The Quarterly Review of Biology · doi:10.1086/407097 · Cited by 330 · see citing works
Bison Versus Cattle: Are They Ecologically Synonymous?
Kohl, M. T., Krausman, P. R., Kunkel, K., & Williams, D. M. (2013) · Rangeland Ecology & Management · doi:10.2111/rem-d-12-00113.1 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Coppedge, B. R., & Shaw, J. H. (1997) · American Midland Naturalist · doi:10.2307/2426665 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Use of bison wallows by anurans on Konza Prairie.
GERLANC, N. M., & KAUFMAN, G. A. (2003) · The American Midland Naturalist · doi:10.1674/0003-0031(2003)150[0158:uobwba]2.0.co;2 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Bos frontalis and Bos gaurus (Artiodactyla: Bovidae)
Ahrestani, F. S. (2018) · Mammalian Species · doi:10.1093/mspecies/sey004 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Bison alter the northern Yellowstone ecosystem by breaking aspen saplings
Painter, L. E., Beschta, R. L., & Ripple, W. J. (2023) · Ecology and Evolution · doi:10.1002/ece3.10369 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
- Authors
- McHugh, T.
- Corresponding author
- McHugh, Tom
- Venue
- Zoologica : scientific contributions of the New York Zoological Society.
- Publisher
- Smithsonian Institution
- Published
- 1958-04-04
- Volume
- 43
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 1-40
- ISSN
- 0044-507X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2297870437
- Cited by
- 218
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 1.64
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by-nc
- Locations
- Zoologica scientific contributions of the New York Zoological Society (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Biodiversity Heritage Library (Smithsonian Institution) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics › Animal Behavior and Reproduction
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Primate Behavior and Ecology
- Keywords
- American Buffalo, Bison bison bison, social behavior, age estimation, horn morphology, physical characteristics
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
