The DOI matches its Crossref record; 7 of the 7 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The theory of planned behavior: Selected recent advances and applications
Open accessAbstract
This editorial gives a brief introduction to the articles included in the thematic section of Europe's Journal of Psychology, which is devoted to selected recent advances and applications of the theory of planned behavior (TPB). The five contributions address two thematic streams: (1) adjustments and extensions of the original theory and (2) applications of the TPB in public health and the political sciences.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The check wasn’t confident either way, so it gives no verdict — never disputed.
In the citing paper
“Meta-analytic work suggests that integrated models combining the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) explain substantially more variance in behavioral intentions to adopt technology than either TAM or TPB on their own[16],[17].”
From Enhancing Digital Financial Literacy and Digital Trust for Sustainable Online Loan Adoption among Micro-Entrepreneurs in Developing Economies (2026) · cites this paper as [16]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
The theory of planned behavior
Ajzen, I. (1991) · Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes · doi:10.1016/0749-5978(91)90020-t · Cited by 90,587
Psychology as a means of promoting human welfare.
Miller, G. A. (1969) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/h0028988 · Cited by 679
Control interactions in the theory of planned behavior: Rethinking the role of subjective norm
Barbera, F. L., & Ajzen, I. (2020) · Europe’s Journal of Psychology · doi:10.5964/ejop.v16i3.2056 · Cited by 622
Canova, L., & Manganelli, A. M. (2020) · Europe’s Journal of Psychology · doi:10.5964/ejop.v16i3.1893 · Cited by 88
Willis, L., Lee, E., Reynolds, K. J., & Klik, K. A. (2020) · Europe’s Journal of Psychology · doi:10.5964/ejop.v16i3.1900 · Cited by 81
Barbera, F. L., & Ajzen, I. (2020) · Europe’s Journal of Psychology · doi:10.5964/ejop.v16i3.1844 · Cited by 42
Caputo, A. (2020) · Europe’s Journal of Psychology · doi:10.5964/ejop.v16i3.2213 · Cited by 26
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Ajzen, I. (2012). The theory of planned behavior. In P. A. M. Lange, A. W. Kruglanski, & E. T. Higgins (Eds.), Handbook of theories of social psychology (Vol. 1, pp. 438–459). London, United Kingdom: SAGE.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 901–1,000 of 1,000
Fitz, E. B., & Saunders, K. L. (2026) · Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services · doi:10.1016/j.jretconser.2026.104759
Salifu, I., Vondolia, G. K., & Aheto, D. W. (2026) · Discover Sustainability · doi:10.1007/s43621-026-02933-3
(2025) · Emerald Group Publishing Limited eBooks · doi:10.1108/978-1-83608-186-920251023
Gruchmann, T., Köpp, I., & Arnegger, J. (2026) · Tourism Recreation Resarch · doi:10.1080/02508281.2026.2625927
Liu, X., Wang, F., Wang, P., Wang, D., & Zhang, D. D. (2026) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su18052584
Low, M., Teh, W. Q., & Hwang, H. (2026) · Environmental Quality Management · doi:10.1002/tqem.70320
Onggo, B. S., Sadeli, A. H., Perdana, T., & Hermiatin, F. R. (2026) · Journal of Risk Research · doi:10.1080/13669877.2026.2636961
Elfahmi, F. K., Fahimah, N., Chang, T., & Huang, Y.-J. (2026) · International journal of child care and education policy/International journal of child care and education · doi:10.1186/s40723-026-00167-4
Nurse Counseling Based on Planned Behavior Theory in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis
Kanadlı, K. A., & Olgun, N. (2026) · Pain Management Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.pmn.2025.08.002
Drivers of bat researchers’ intent to adopt field hygiene practices
Coleman, J. L., Macdonald, E. A., Rutrough, A. L., Straka, T. M., Little, T. D., Stickley, Z. L., & Kingston, T. (2026) · Conservation Biology · doi:10.1111/cobi.70252
Applying the theory of planned behavior in estate planning
Glew, R. J., Djurdjevic, E., & Xiao, J. J. (2025) · International Journal of Bank Marketing · doi:10.1108/ijbm-05-2025-0376
Deng, Q., Cao, C., Ming, J., Mou, D., Li, L., Wang, Y., Chen, H., Ma, J., Lu, H., & Wu, J. (2026) · International Journal of Evidence-Based Healthcare · doi:10.1097/xeb.0000000000000577
Shamrock, O. W., Abu-Ba’are, G. R., Nichols, S. S., Barracchia, M., Agbemedu, G. R. K., Nukunu, G. C., & Al-Mardhiyyah, A. (2026) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-9202242/v1
The intention-behavior gap in electricity consumption: A longitudinal study
Höök, A. P., & Klöckner, C. A. (2026) · Energy Research & Social Science · doi:10.1016/j.erss.2026.104661 · Cited by 1
Fully, P. L., Candy, N., Sow, A. M., & Sandi, A. B. (2026) · International Journal of Preventive Medicine and Health · doi:10.54105/ijpmh.c1144.06030326
Azmi, S. I., Hamzah, N. S., Nor, R. M., & Sibly, S. (2026) · IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science · doi:10.1088/1755-1315/1605/1/012028
Choice Within Limits: A Machine Learning Perspective on School Choice
Justus-Smith, C., Wang, T.-W., & Heyward, G. (2026) · Journal of School Choice · doi:10.1080/15582159.2026.2652472
Howe, L. K., Micalizzi, L., Simmons, S. E., Metrik, J., Battle, C. L., & Gunn, R. L. (2026) · Cannabis · doi:10.26828/cannabis/2026/000366
Uyar, D. Ş., & Şahin, T. (2026) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-026-27218-2
Williams, E.-D. G., Vakil, F., Abubakare, O., Latin, A., Ware, L., Nelson, D., & Smith, M. J. (2026) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2026.1766641
Cai, J., Chen, C., Yang, Z., Bai, Z., Qi, W., Zou, X., Mu, Z., & Luo, X. (2026) · Cognition Technology & Work · doi:10.1007/s10111-026-00872-7
Vargas, A. C., Sánchez, A. R., & Vargas-Halabí, T. (2026) · Avances en Psicología Latinoamericana · doi:10.12804/revistas.urosario.edu.co/apl/a.14999
LIU, S., & Ghazali, F. E. M. (2026) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-8724112/v1
Thuy, N. T. T., & Van, N. T. T. (2026) · Innovative Marketing · doi:10.21511/im.22(2).2026.03
Fabio, R. A., & Manoti, L. (2026) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1730693
Zheng, Z., Ye, J., Luo, J., Cai, R., & Liao, J. (2026) · Advances in Medical Education and Practice · doi:10.2147/amep.s598721
Determinant factors that influence purchase intentions for skin products with sustainable packaging
Veas-González, I. A., Bernal, J., Carrión-Bósquez, N., Escobar‐Farfán, M., Vásquez-Flores, C. A., & Castro-Muñoz, T. A. (2026) · Acta Psychologica · doi:10.1016/j.actpsy.2026.106759
Chen, Z., Zhang, R., Wang, Y., li, Y., Liao, Y., Zhang, Y., & Liao, M. (2026) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2026.1817229
Xie, H., Du, J., zheng, X., & Xiang, Y. (2026) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1760865
Fernández-Martínez, M. E., Sanz-Martos, S., Fernández-Martínez, C., Ovsyeyenko, G., & Álvarez‐Nieto, C. (2026) · Sexes · doi:10.3390/sexes7020020
Alcocer-Carranza, J., Catalán-Gómez, C. A., Noh-Moo, P. M., Rodríguez-Santamaría, P., Morales-Gutiérrez, F. A., & García, K. S. L. (2025) · Revista Ciencia y Cuidado · doi:10.22463/17949831.5520
Modeling AI-Enhanced e-WOM Effects on Consumer Loyalty in Post-Boycott Contexts: A SmartPLS Approach
Mangruwa, R. D., Neo, H.-F., Yunidar, D., & Arbian, Z. R. (2025) · International Conference on Data Science and Geoinformatics (ICDSG) · doi:10.1109/icdsg67714.2025.11381326
Entorno académico y su influencia en la intención emprendedora de estudiantes universitarios Macas
RUIZ, M. I., & Pesantez-Rodriguez, J. C. (2026) · ESPACIOS · doi:10.48082/espacios-a26v47n02i18
Carraça, E. V., Oliveira, A. L., Carvalho, G., Clemente, M., Resende, T., Ribeiro, C., Palmeira, A., & Rodrigues, B. (2026) · Supportive Care in Cancer · doi:10.1007/s00520-026-10635-9
Research on Intelligent Quality Monitoring and Review System for Asset Evaluation
Dong, G., & Tian, D. (2026) · International Journal of Computational Intelligence and Applications · doi:10.1142/s1469026826500112
Morales, M. J., Ricketts, S., Grudzen, C. R., Brody, A. A., Chodosh, J., Goldfeld, K., Shah, M. N., & ED‐LEAD Investigators (2026) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/jgs.70403
Research on the influence of physical activity on procrastination behavior of medical postgraduates
Zhang, G., & Tai, F. (2026) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1786157
Kanmodi, K. K., Jayasinghe, Y. A., Jayasinghe, R. D., Okeke, E. B., Nkhata, M. J., & Nnyanzi, L. A. (2026) · Journal of Global Oral Health · doi:10.25259/jgoh_40_2025
Smith, C., Frerichs, L., Leiva, H., Burwell, L., Gilkey, M. B., Shea, C. M., Sleath, B. L., Golin, C. E., Schilling, S., & Allison, B. A. (2026) · Digital Health · doi:10.1177/20552076261444839
When Do Citizens Support Corrupt Politicians? The Trade‐Offs Between Corruption and Competence
Tu, W., Xiao, H., & Ni, X. (2026) · Public Administration Review · doi:10.1111/puar.70132
Annan, S. T., Yamoah, R., Kabutey, F. T., Lumorh, P. D.-D., Kavi, F. K., Yandam, R., & Owusu-Fordjour, C. (2026) · Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection · doi:10.4236/gep.2026.144011
Lu, R., Ma, S., Zhou, J., Fan, J., & Wu, Q. (2026) · INQUIRY The Journal of Health Care Organization Provision and Financing · doi:10.1177/00469580261445482
Lu, S., Liu, F., Bao, Y., Chen, Q., Chen, L., & Cai, W. (2026) · Midwifery · doi:10.1016/j.midw.2026.104838
Lu, J., Zhang, Y., Cai, X., Zeng, H., Tian, B., Shi, H., Liu, W., & Xu, P. (2026) · Journal of Tissue Viability · doi:10.1016/j.jtv.2026.101013
An, N. T. T. (2026) · Lecture notes in networks and systems · doi:10.1007/978-3-032-07721-9_67
Naidoo, K., & Thomas, H. (2026) · Journal of medical imaging and radiation sciences · doi:10.1016/j.jmir.2026.102434
Antecedents of student saving behavior in Bangladesh: a structural equation modeling analysis
Mahmud, A. (2026) · SN Business & Economics · doi:10.1007/s43546-026-01164-y
Czernin, K., Oster, A., Mahler, L., & Baumgartner, J. S. (2026) · Comprehensive Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2026.152711
Alshahrani, N. Z., Alarifi, A. M., Alasqah, I., Shukri, A. K., Albeshry, A. M., Alzain, M. A., Algarni, A., Kalantan, M. M., Terra, M., Raposo, A., et al. (2026) · Drug and Alcohol Review · doi:10.1111/dar.70166
xiaozhong, C., Tsai, Y.-C., Xu, T., & Chen, H. (2026) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu18101518
Enhancing Healthcare Data Security Through Incentivized Behavioral Cybersecurity
Lind, M. L., & Tabi, S. (2026) · Journal of Information Systems Applied Research and Analytics · doi:10.62273/ujzb9934
Mariñas, K. A., Saflor, C. S., Mariñas, A. G. A., & Calamba, M. G. (2026) · Acta Psychologica · doi:10.1016/j.actpsy.2026.107046 · Cited by 1
Gao, Y., Li, F.-Y., Wang, Y., & Xu, L. (2026) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2026.1769762
Translational mindset scale: evidence on internal structure
Elizondo-González, J. F., Murray, A., & Emler, T. E. (2026) · Frontiers in Education · doi:10.3389/feduc.2026.1782272
Yao, X., & Cheng, Z. (2026) · International Dental Journal · doi:10.1016/j.identj.2026.109648
Zahra, I. N. A., Munambar, S., & Puspitojati, E. (2026) · Integrated Science Education Journal · doi:10.37251/isej.v7i3.3126
Wang, L. N., Zhao, Y. F., Chen, H., Zhang, L., Cui, C., Zhang, C. L., & Liang, L. (2026) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2026.1830907
Chen, H., Liu, S., & Liu, C. (2026) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-9583735/v1
A multi-source, multi-stage framework for ride-hailing safety management
Yang, J., Lee, J., Mao, S., & Antoniou, C. (2026) · Transportation Research Part A Policy and Practice · doi:10.1016/j.tra.2026.105092
Greenwashing and green purchase intention: The moderating role of responsibility
Nguyen, T. N., Doan, U. T. T., & Nguyen, L. D. (2026) · European Journal of Sustainable Development Research · doi:10.29333/ejosdr/18715
Dwivedi, R. K., Calzada, I., & Rampriyan, S. (2026) · Journal of Information & Knowledge Management · doi:10.1142/s0219649226500164
Odey, E. A., Williamson, D., Rush, Z., Holden, N. M., Crowley, Q., Downey, C., & McMahon, H. (2026) · Sustainable Environment · doi:10.1080/27658511.2026.2670912
Moshi, F. V., & Millanzi, W. C. (2026) · BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth · doi:10.1186/s12884-026-09427-0
Ferrero, H., Oladimeji, K. E., Yerkes, M. A., Nyatela, A., Hendrickson, C. J., Tembo, A., & Lalla‐Edward, S. T. (2026) · Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS Care (JIAPAC) · doi:10.1177/23259582261447318
Faradisa, S., Romadlon, F., & Permatasari, R. D. (2025) · International Conference on Data Analytics for Business and Industry (ICDABI) · doi:10.1109/icdabi67967.2025.11547738
Zhao, B., Naayif, A., & Śpiewak, R. (2026) · Systems Research and Behavioral Science · doi:10.1002/sres.70095
Juma, A. A. (2026) · Educational Management Administration & Leadership · doi:10.1177/17411432261459678
Akhrani, L. A., Prihanto, A. A., Nurjannah, Herani, I., Surfianti, O., Widanto, T. B., Kautsar, K. K., Putri, A. L., Pertiwi, T. R. P., Prameswari, T. N., et al. (2026) · Discover Psychology · doi:10.1007/s44202-026-00762-z
Getnet, A., Xia, X., Furo, G., & Bah, A. S. (2026) · Irrigation and Drainage · doi:10.1002/ird.70162
Jayalath, J. A. C. D., & Kulatunga, U. (2026) · Smart and Sustainable Built Environment · doi:10.1108/sasbe-10-2025-0613
van Dalen, F., Tap, S. C., Venema, S. D., Schellekens, Schoevers, R. A., & Spoelstra, S. K. (2026) · Journal of Psychoactive Drugs · doi:10.1080/02791072.2026.2685514
Ya, K. Z., Ku, C. W., Loy, S. L., Ngien, A., Mok, K. T., Chua, M. C., Yap, F., Chan, J. K. Y., & Martin, E. K. (2026) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2026-116421
How Rooftop Gardening Strengthens Food Security and Urban Resilience in Post-Pandemic Dhaka
Raj, S. I., Shafi, T. T., & Mahmud, M. R. (2026) · Journal of Contemporary Urban Affairs · doi:10.25034/ijcua.2026.v10n1-12
Chen, L., Zhang, X., Yin, W., Qian, Q., Yang, D., Feng, S., & Yu, H. (2026) · BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth · doi:10.1186/s12884-026-09286-9
Suryani, M., Marwaningsih, R., Winarni, I. N. S. B., Hadjiman, H., & Andriyani, E. (2026) · Journal of Applied Nursing and Health · doi:10.55018/janh.v8i2.282 · Cited by 1
Pham, H. T., Nguyen, P. V., Nguyen, M., & Hoang, T. (2026) · Asian Journal of Business Ethics · doi:10.1007/s13520-026-00263-1
Consumers’ Choice of Beef Brands and Intention to Switch in Northern Ghana
Mensah, A. K., Ohene-Yankyera, K., & Fialor, S. C. (2026) · African Journal of Agricultural Science and Food Research · doi:10.62154/ajasfr.2026.023.01014
Vanhnivongkham, P., Seanthavisouk, V., Charoenbut, P., La-ongnual, T., Busabong, W., Keomanivong, S., & Songserm, N. (2026) · Journal of Education and Health Promotion · doi:10.4103/jehp.jehp_1720_25
Giampieri, F., Leonardi, A., Costanzo, G. D., Mera, T. A., Rosi, A., Frías-Toral, E., Ammar, A., Zambrano-Villacres, R., Abdelkarim, O., Aly, M., et al. (2026) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu18132128
Safeer, M., Zubair, M., Hussain, T., Khan, M. A., Madnee, M., & Allahverdi, T. H. (2026) · Agroforestry Systems · doi:10.1007/s10457-026-01570-z
Shih, K., Liu, P., Hou, I., Chou, C.-C., & Chen, C. (2026) · Journal of Pediatric Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.pedn.2026.06.029
Makhoba, M. (2026) · Management Studies · doi:10.17265/2328-2185/2026.02.001
Fong, T. C. T., Chan, C. H., Kwok, A. P. K., Chan, R. T. H., Tang, R. L. M., Wen, M., & YIP, P. S. F. (2026) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/88362
Medication adherence in Chinese adults with chronic hepatitis B based on theory of planned behavior
Wang, Y., HUANG, Y., Bing, G. E., Chen, C., & Xu, J. (2026) · International Journal of Nursing Knowledge · doi:10.1177/20473087261470051
Unveiling Privacy Fatigue: Theoretical Foundations and Empirical Evidence in Privacy Calculus
Choi, H., Park, J.-T., Choi, Y. R., & Jung, Y. (2026) · International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction · doi:10.1080/10447318.2026.2702160
Lee, B., Cho, N., Yau, O. H. M., & Yu, G. (2026) · Administrative Sciences · doi:10.3390/admsci16070348
Fostering Entrepreneurship: Insights from North Africa and the GCC
Awashreh, R. A. (2026) · Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation in Emerging Economies · doi:10.1177/23939575261464455
Disaster-Response Charities and Climate Change: What Predicts Risk Reduction Behavior?
Gazley, B., Cash, R., Kravitz, B., & Noonan, D. S. (2026) · Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly · doi:10.1177/08997640261466259
Dueñas, E. A., Raylos, C., Villa, F. R. P., & Villareal, B. N. L. (2026) · Journal of interdisciplinary perspectives · doi:10.69569/jip.2026.305
From Awareness to Action: Pathways to Eco-Socially Responsible Behavior Among Jordanians
Smadi, L., & Rawwad, T. A. (2026) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su18157635
Duyile, B. E., Mateus, D. M. C., LoCasale‐Crouch, J., Lopez-Parciak, E., Zhang, Y., & Usher, O. D. (2026) · The Family Journal · doi:10.1177/10664807261469166
Learning Orientation and Accounting Career Intention: An Extended Theory of Planned Behavior
Marleen, V., Silalahi, A. G. S., Hermawan, J. M., & Kuang, T. M. (2026) · Jurnal Akuntansi · doi:10.24912/ja.v30i2.3743
Zheng, L., Chen, H., & Guo, Y. (2026) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1870336
Fatimah, S., Dewi, C. K., Zahra, A. N. A., & Al-Fath, M. Y. (2026) · Jurnal Kesehatan Komunitas Indonesia · doi:10.58545/jkki.v6i2.853
Lantarsih, R., Surono, U. B., & Yumarlin, M. Z. (2026) · Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science · doi:10.61308/s26xdw35
Dzingirai, M. (2026) · International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education · doi:10.1108/ijshe-04-2025-0367
From understanding resistance to fostering acceptance: how mindsets impact GenAI adoption
Wieland, J., Keating, L. A., & Mohnen, A. (2026) · Behaviour and Information Technology · doi:10.1080/0144929x.2026.2706666
Cowhey, E., Kim, H. S., Harris, L., Crawford, K. J., Gfeller, K. E., Fleckenstein, S., & Kelsay, D. M. R. (2026) · Music & Science · doi:10.1177/20592043261472605
Chowdhury, S. K., Endres, M. L., Banerji, K., & Wong‐MingJi, D. J. (2026) · The International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation · doi:10.1177/14657503261472793
Wu, G., Wu, X., Fitzpatrick, T., Ouyang, L., Jiang, H., Wang, L., Wang, H., Lu, Y., Qi, X., He, L., et al. (2026) · Transfusion · doi:10.1111/trf.70368
Metadata
- Authors
- Bosnjak, M., Ajzen, I., & Schmidt, P.
- Affiliations
- University of Massachusetts Amherst (US)
- Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz (DE)
- Venue
- Europe’s Journal of Psychology
- Published
- 2020-08-31
- Volume
- 16
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 352-356
- ISSN
- 1841-0413 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7909498
- OpenAlex
- W3082048961
- Cited by
- 1,056
- References
- 7
- Citations by year
- 2026: 223 · 2025: 250 · 2024: 255 · 2023: 216 · 2022: 79 · 2021: 29 · 2020: 4
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Europe’s Journal of Psychology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe’s Journal of Psychology (acceptedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- PsychOpen Gold (Leibniz Institute for Psychology) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Behavioral Health and Interventions
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › General Decision Sciences › Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics
- Social Sciences › Communication › Media Influence and Health
- Keywords
- theory of planned behavior, theory extension, public health applications, behavior prediction, attitude-behavior relationship
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
