The impact of computer-based feedback on students' written work?
Open accessAbstract
While research in second language writing suggests that instructor feedback can have a positive influence on students’ written work, the provision of such feedback on a regular basis can be problematic, especially with larger student numbers. A number of computer programs that claim to provide both automatic computer-based holistic scores and computer-based feedback (CBF) on written work are available and therefore have the potential to deal with this issue. Criterion is one such tool that claims to be able to provide automated feedback at word, sentence, paragraph and text level, but there is still a need for more research into the practical value of providing feedback on L2 writing. Quantitative and qualitative data about feedback practice was collected from 31 instructors and 549 Egyptian trainee EFL teachers using pre-treatment questionnaires, interviews and focus groups. 24 of the trainees then received computer-based feedback using Criterion on two drafts of essays submitted on each of 4 topics. Data recorded by the software suggested a positive effect on the quality of students’ second drafts and subsequent submissions, and post-treatment questionnaires, interviews and focus groups showed a positive effect on the students’ attitudes towards feedback.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Half of the students in one study never redrafted their essays after AWE feedback.
“Likewise, half of the students in El Ebyary and Windeatt's (2010) study never redrafted their essays after AWE feedback.”
From Student engagement with teacher and automated feedback on L2 writing (2018) · cites this paper as El Ebyary and Windeatt's (2010)
Cites
Assessment and Classroom Learning
Black, P., & Wiliam, D. (1998) · Assessment in Education: Principles, Policy & Practice · doi:10.1080/0969595980050102 · Cited by 8,152 · cited 1× · see citing works
“One important assumption in feedback research is that the provision of feedback can improve learning (Black and Wiliam, 1998a; Black and Wiliam, 1998b; Gibbs and Simpson, 2004; Hyland and Hyland, 2006).”
BackgroundInside the Black Box: Raising Standards through Classroom Assessment
Black, P., & Wiliam, D. (2010) · Phi Delta Kappan · doi:10.1177/003172171009200119 · Cited by 4,231 · see citing works
Computers and language learning: an overview
Warschauer, M., & Healey, D. (1998) · Language Teaching · doi:10.1017/s0261444800012970 · Cited by 1,170 · see citing works
Feedback on second language students' writing
Hyland, K., & Hyland, F. (2006) · Language Teaching · doi:10.1017/s0261444806003399 · Cited by 1,152 · see citing works
Hughes, A., & Hughes, J. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781009024723 · Cited by 1,010 · see citing works
Hughes, A. (2002) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511732980 · Cited by 799 · see citing works
Shermis, M. D., & Burstein, J. C. (2003) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781410606860 · Cited by 504 · see citing works
(2006) · The Journal of Technology, Learning and Assessment (Boston College) · Cited by 424 · see citing works
Response To Student Writing: Implications for Second Language Students
Ferris, D. R. (2003) · Cited by 378 · see citing works
Automated writing evaluation: Defining the classroom research agenda
Warschauer, M., & Ware, P. (2006) · Language Teaching Research · doi:10.1191/1362168806lr190oa · Cited by 337 · see citing works
The impact of e-feedback on the revisions of L2 writers in an academic writing course
Tuzi, F. (2004) · Computers & composition/Computers and composition · doi:10.1016/j.compcom.2004.02.003 · Cited by 267 · see citing works
Assessing Language through Computer Technology
Chapelle, C. A., & Douglas, D. (2006) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511733116 · Cited by 259 · see citing works
RESPONSE TO STUDENT WRITING: IMPLICATIONS FOR SECOND LANGUAGE STUDENTS
Lewis, K. (2004) · Studies in Second Language Acquisition · doi:10.1017/s0272263104373055 · Cited by 252 · see citing works
A Blueprint for Computer-Assisted Assessment
Bull, J., & McKenna, C. (2003) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203464687 · Cited by 249 · see citing works
Automated Essay Scoring Using Bayes' Theorem
Rudner, L. M., & Liang, T. (2002) · The Journal of Technology, Learning and Assessment (Boston College) · Cited by 248 · see citing works
Utility in a Fallible Tool: A Multi-Site Case Study of Automated Writing Evaluation.
Grimes, D., & Warschauer, M. (2010) · The Journal of Technology, Learning and Assessment (Boston College) · Cited by 241 · see citing works
Feedback on student writing: taking the middle path
Jacobs, G. M., Curtis, A., Braine, G., & Huang, S.-Y. (1998) · Journal of Second Language Writing · doi:10.1016/s1060-3743(98)90019-4 · Cited by 163 · see citing works
Detection of grammatical errors involving prepositions
Chodorow, M. S., Tetreault, J., & Han, N.-R. (2007) · doi:10.3115/1654629.1654635 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
Stumping e-rater:challenging the validity of automated essay scoring
Powers, D. E., Burstein, J. C., Chodorow, M. S., Fowles, M. E., & Kukich, K. (2002) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/s0747-5632(01)00052-8 · Cited by 146 · see citing works
Students' response to traditional and computer‐assisted formative feedback: A comparative case study
Denton, P., Madden, J. C., Roberts, M., & Rowe, P. (2007) · British Journal of Educational Technology · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8535.2007.00745.x · Cited by 136 · see citing works
(2004) · Cited by 128 · see citing works
Fast and effective feedback: are model answers the answer?
Huxham, M. (2007) · Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education · doi:10.1080/02602930601116946 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Which do students prefer to evaluate their essays: peers or computer program
Lai, Y. (2010) · British Journal of Educational Technology · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8535.2009.00959.x · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Page, E. B. (2003) · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Computer Anxiety and Students' Preferred Feedback Methods in EFL Writing
Matsumura, S., & Hann, G. (2004) · Modern Language Journal · doi:10.1111/j.0026-7902.2004.00237.x · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Lee, I. (2007) · Assessing Writing · doi:10.1016/j.asw.2008.02.003 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
The Technological Revolution Comes to the Classroom
Kozma, R. B., & Johnston, J. H. (1991) · Change The Magazine of Higher Learning · doi:10.1080/00091383.1991.10570214 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
An overview of three approaches to scoring written essays by computer
Rudner, L. M., & Gagné, P. (2020) · Scholarworks (University of Massachusetts Amherst) · doi:10.7275/m6xa-zg39 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Blueprint for Computer‐Assisted Assessment
(2004) · British Journal of Educational Technology · doi:10.1111/j.0007-1013.2004.397_1.x · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Fourth generation writing assessment
Hamp‐Lyons, L. (2001) · PolyU Institutional Research Archive (Hong Kong Polytechnic University) · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Lee, C., Wong, K. C. K., Cheung, W. K., & Lee, F. S. L. (2009) · Computer Assisted Language Learning · doi:10.1080/09588220802613807 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Methodological Approaches to Online Scoring of Essays.
Chung, G. K. W. K., & O’Neil, H. F. (1997) · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Assessing Language through Computer Technology
Laborda, J. G. (2007) · ELT Journal · doi:10.1093/elt/ccm015 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Experimenting with a computer essay-scoring program based on ESL student writing scripts
Coniam, D. (2009) · ReCALL · doi:10.1017/s0958344009000147 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Hutchison, D. (2007) · British Journal of Educational Technology · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8535.2006.00686.x · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Assessing Writing through the Curriculum with Automated Essay Scoring.
Shermis, M. D., Raymat, M. V., & Barrera, F. D. (2003) · Cited by 9 · see citing works
The Use of a Computer-based Writing Program: Facilitation or Frustration?
Chen, C.-F. E., & Cheng, W.-Y. E. C. (2006) · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
1 of the 38 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Student engagement with teacher and automated feedback on L2 writing
Zhang, Z. (., & Hyland, K. (2018) · Assessing Writing · doi:10.1016/j.asw.2018.02.004 · Cited by 546 · see citing works
Koltovskaia, S. (2020) · Assessing Writing · doi:10.1016/j.asw.2020.100450 · Cited by 447 · see citing works
The effects of computer-generated feedback on the quality of writing
Stevenson, M., & Phakiti, A. (2014) · Assessing Writing · doi:10.1016/j.asw.2013.11.007 · Cited by 275 · see citing works
Zhang, Z. (. (2020) · Assessing Writing · doi:10.1016/j.asw.2019.100439 · Cited by 256 · see citing works
A review of AWE feedback: types, learning outcomes, and implications
Fu, Q.-K., Zou, D., Xie, H., & Cheng, G. (2022) · Computer Assisted Language Learning · doi:10.1080/09588221.2022.2033787 · Cited by 173 · see citing works
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Davis, M., Davis, K. J., & Dunagan, M. M. (2012) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-384727-0.00006-9 · Cited by 165 · see citing works
Hockly, N. (2018) · ELT Journal · doi:10.1093/elt/ccy044 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Research into practice: Written corrective feedback
Lee, I. (2012) · Language Teaching · doi:10.1017/s0261444812000390 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
The role of automated writing evaluation holistic scores in the ESL classroom
Li, Z., Link, S., Ma, H., Yang, H., & Hegelheimer, V. H. (2014) · System · doi:10.1016/j.system.2014.02.007 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Student engagement with computer-generated feedback: a case study
Zhang, Z. (2016) · ELT Journal · doi:10.1093/elt/ccw089 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Yang, H., Gao, C., & Shen, H. (2023) · Education and Information Technologies · doi:10.1007/s10639-023-11991-3 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
The impact of online automated feedback on students' reflective journal writing in an EFL course
Cheng, G. (2017) · The Internet and Higher Education · doi:10.1016/j.iheduc.2017.04.002 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
The grass is not always greener: Teacher vs. GPT-assisted written corrective feedback
Lin, S., & Crosthwaite, P. (2024) · System · doi:10.1016/j.system.2024.103529 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Stevenson, M. (2016) · Computers & composition/Computers and composition · doi:10.1016/j.compcom.2016.05.001 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Enhancing the grammatical accuracy of EFL writing by using an AWE-assisted process approach
Liao, H.-C. (2016) · System · doi:10.1016/j.system.2016.02.007 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
UTILIZING GRAMMARLY IN EVALUATING ACADEMIC WRITING: A NARRATIVE RESEARCH ON EFL STUDENTS’ EXPERIENCE
Nova, M. (2018) · Premise Journal of English Education · doi:10.24127/pj.v7i1.1332 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
An investigation on the use of automated feedback in Turkish EFL students’ writing classes
Han, T., & Sarı, E. (2022) · Computer Assisted Language Learning · doi:10.1080/09588221.2022.2067179 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Automated Feedback and Second Language Writing
Stevenson, M., & Phakiti, A. (2019) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108635547.009 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
McCarthy, K. S., Roscoe, R. D., Allen, L. K., Likens, A. D., & McNamara, D. S. (2022) · Assessing Writing · doi:10.1016/j.asw.2022.100608 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
EFL students’ perception on the use of Grammarly and teacher feedback
Fahmi, M. A., & Cahyono, B. Y. (2021) · JEES (Journal of English Educators Society) · doi:10.21070/jees.v6i1.849 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Xu, J., & Zhang, S. (2021) · The Asia-Pacific Education Researcher · doi:10.1007/s40299-021-00577-7 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
The Effect of Using Automated Essay Evaluation on ESL Undergraduate Students’ Writing Skill
Aluthman, E. S. (2016) · International Journal of English Linguistics · doi:10.5539/ijel.v6n5p54 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Fan, N. (2023) · SAGE Open · doi:10.1177/21582440231181296 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Conijn, R., Martínez‐Maldonado, R., Knight, S., Shum, S. B., Waes, L. V., & van Zaanen, M. M. (2020) · Computer Assisted Language Learning · doi:10.1080/09588221.2020.1839503 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Bailey, D., & Lee, A. R. (2020) · TESOL journal (Laguna) · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Hassanzadeh, M., & Fotoohnejad, S. (2021) · Journal of Computer Assisted Learning · doi:10.1111/jcal.12587 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Voluntary use of automated writing evaluation by content course students
Sarıcaoğlu, A., & Bilki, Z. (2021) · ReCALL · doi:10.1017/s0958344021000021 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Chen, H., & Pan, J. (2022) · Asian-Pacific Journal of Second and Foreign Language Education · doi:10.1186/s40862-022-00171-4 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
An automated writing evaluation (AWE) in higher education
Miranty, D., & Widiati, U. (2021) · Pegem Journal of Education and Instruction · doi:10.47750/pegegog.11.04.12 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Automated Writing Analysis for Writing Pedagogy
Cotos, E. (2015) · Writing & Pedagogy · doi:10.1558/wap.v7i2-3.26381 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Reynolds, B. L., Kao, C.-W., & Huang, Y.-Y. (2021) · The Asia-Pacific Education Researcher · doi:10.1007/s40299-021-00597-3 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Wale, B. D., & Kassahun, Y. F. (2024) · Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies · doi:10.1155/2024/9221377 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Meyer, J., Jansen, T., & Fleckenstein, J. (2025) · Contemporary Educational Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.cedpsych.2025.102363 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Ebyary, K. E., & Windeatt, S. (2019) · System · doi:10.1016/j.system.2019.03.007 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Self-citationSystematic Literature Review of Automated Writing Evaluation as a Formative Learning Tool
Hibert, A. I. (2019) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-29736-7_15 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Automated Writing Evaluation in EFL Contexts
Aldosemani, T. I., Assalahi, H. M., Lhothali, A., & Albsisi, M. (2023) · International Journal of Computer-Assisted Language Learning and Teaching · doi:10.4018/ijcallt.329962 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Discovering the Predictive Power of Five Baseline Writing Competences
Kumar, V., Fraser, S. N., & Boulanger, D. (2017) · The Journal of Writing Analytics · doi:10.37514/jwa-j.2017.1.1.08 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Automated Writing Evaluation: The Accuracy of Grammarly’s Feedback on Form
Dodigovic, M., & Tovmasyan, A. (2021) · International Journal of TESOL Studies · doi:10.46451/ijts.2021.06.06 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
The role of AI assisted writing feedback in developing secondary students writing skills
Ekizoğlu, M., & Demir, A. N. (2025) · Discover Education · doi:10.1007/s44217-025-00919-3 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
My Access and Writing Error Corrections of EFL College Pre-intermediate Students
Chou, H.-N. C., Moslehpour, M., & Yang, C.-Y. (2016) · International Journal of Education · doi:10.5296/ije.v8i1.9209 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Jansen, T., Horbach, A., & Meyer, J. (2025) · Proceedings of the 15th International Learning Analytics and Knowledge Conference · doi:10.1145/3706468.3706494 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Thi, N. K., & Nikolov, M. (2023) · Asian-Pacific Journal of Second and Foreign Language Education · doi:10.1186/s40862-022-00182-1 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Alnasser, S. M. N. (2022) · SAGE Open · doi:10.1177/21582440221123021 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Lillo-Fuentes, F., René Venegas, V., & Lobos, I. (2023) · Perspectiva educacional · doi:10.4151/07189729-vol.62-iss.2-art.1420 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Mehrabi-Yazdi, O. (2018) · Journal of Second Language Writing · doi:10.1016/j.jslw.2018.05.004 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Wale, B. D. (2024) · Jurnal Cakrawala Pendidikan · doi:10.21831/cp.v43i1.67715 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Technology in Classroom L2 Writing Assessment and Feedback
Lee, I. (2017) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-10-3924-9_9 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Kloppers, J. (2023) · International Journal of Computer-Assisted Language Learning and Teaching · doi:10.4018/ijcallt.325792 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Song, Z. (2019) · English Language and Literature Studies · doi:10.5539/ells.v9n3p20 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
AI-Based IWrite Assisted English Writing Teaching
Xia, J., Liu, H., & Liu, W. (2021) · Lecture notes on data engineering and communications technologies · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-89511-2_19 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Yildiz, H., & Gönen, S. İ. K. (2024) · Turkish Online Journal of Distance Education · doi:10.17718/tojde.1169727 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Hanan, A., Firman, E., & Terasne, T. (2022) · Journal of Languages and Language Teaching · doi:10.33394/jollt.v10i1.4471 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Conijn, R., van Zaanen, M. M., & Waes, L. V. (2019) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-29736-7_43 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
College Students' Experience in Online Asynchronous Peer Feedback in Writing
Lumabi, B. M., & TABAJEN, R. C. (2021) · TESOL and Technology Studies · doi:10.48185/tts.v2i2.250 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Sarı, E., & Han, T. (2022) · Porta Linguarum Revista Interuniversitaria de Didáctica de las Lenguas Extranjeras · doi:10.30827/portalin.vi38.18056 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Investigating effects of automated feedback on EFL students' reflective learning skills
Cheng, G., Ellie, L., & Wong, T.-L. (2016) · IEEE International Conference on Teaching, Assessment, and Learning for Engineering · doi:10.1109/tale.2016.7851798 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
El-Khouly, M. M. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-68999-9_4 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Li, M., Liu, X., & Yu, Z. (2023) · International Journal of Online Pedagogy and Course Design · doi:10.4018/ijopcd.322782 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Feedback in EFL Writing: Arab World Contexts, Issues, and Challenges
Ahmed, A. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-25830-6_1 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
AbuSeileek, A. F. (2013) · International Journal of Learning Technology · doi:10.1504/ijlt.2013.057060 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Alnasser, S. M. N. (2022) · Journal of Language Teaching and Research · doi:10.17507/jltr.1303.24 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Woodworth, J. (2023) · New language learning and teaching environments · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-18950-0_17 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
A Study on the English Writing Teaching of TEM-4 Based on Pigai Platform
Liu, L. (2022) · Pacific International Journal · doi:10.55014/pij.v5i4.277 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Zhou, Y. (2023) · International Journal of New Developments in Education · doi:10.25236/ijnde.2023.052511 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Cai, B., He, Z., Fu, H. C., Zheng, Y., & Song, Y. (2025) · IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies · doi:10.1109/tlt.2025.3547321 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
BLENDING OFFLINE AND ONLINE FEEDBACK ON EAP WRITING
Cloete, R. (2015) · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Miranty, D., Widiati, U., Cahyono, B. Y., & Sharif, T. I. S. T. (2025) · Innoeduca International Journal of Technology and Educational Innovation · doi:10.24310/ijtei.111.2025.20521 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Fluminhan, C. S. L., & Murgo, C. S. (2017) · Acta Scientiarum Education · doi:10.4025/actascieduc.v39i0.30889 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Ebyary, K. E. (2022) · Electronic Journal of Foreign Language Teaching · doi:10.56040/ebya1921 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Khasawneh, M. A. S. (2024) · Research Journal in Advanced Humanities · doi:10.58256/4fd2qt78 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Effects of Electronic Feedback on EFL Learners’ Second Language Writing
Singhkum, S. (2023) · International Journal of Social Science and Human Research · doi:10.47191/ijsshr/v6-i1-05 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Automated Feedback Effect on Foreign Language Writing Motivation and Anxiety
Altınay, G., & Aydın, S. (2025) · Advances in computational intelligence and robotics book series · doi:10.4018/979-8-3373-5681-5.ch002 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
LOWER SIX STUDENTS’ PREFERRED MODE OF FEEDBACK FOR ESSAY REVISION
Govindasamy, P. N., Tan, B. H., & Yong, M. F. (2016) · Malaysian Journal of ELT Research · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Corrective Feedback and EFL Learning Style
Samie, S. (2021) · Addaiyan Journal of Arts Humanities and Social Sciences · doi:10.36099/ajahss.2.10.6 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
L1 feedback in automated writing evaluation: From learners' perspectives
Wilken, J. L. (2013) · doi:10.31274/etd-180810-3388 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Adopting Automated Essay Scoring Feedback In Malaysia: A Review Of The Literature
Ng, S. Y., Bong, C. H., Lee, N. K., & Hong, K. S. (2015) · Unimas Institutional Repository (Universiti Malaysia Sarawak)
Retroalimentación de la escritura de estudiantes de español con screencasts: beneficios y retos
Blackman, C. M., & Asención‐Delaney, Y. (2016) · DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)
Construct Validity in Human Scoring and Criterion: What Criterion would/would not Measure
Koo, J. (2020) · English Studies
Which Feedback Type for What Learning Style?
Samie, S. (2021) · Journal of Management and Training for Industries · doi:10.12792/jmti.8.1.27
Liu, X., Yu, L., & Yu, Z. (2021) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-431386/v1
Error Flagging Tools and Online Revision Behaviour: Evidence from Native and Non-native Speakers
Ebyary, K. E. (2022) · CDELT Occasional Papers in the Development of English Education · doi:10.21608/opde.2022.255403
Marin, E. (2022) · Educatia 21 · doi:10.24193/ed21.2022.23.01
Chen, X., Liu, Y., Xiang, H., Jin, H.-Y., Boudouaia, A., Yao, J., & Li, Y. (2024) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4826248
Lewko, A. M. (2025) · doi:10.1002/9781119518297.eowe00385
Exploring Students’ Perception and Experience with Grammarly in English Language Class
Farensya, H., & Yulia, Y. (2025) · doi:10.47836/pp.1.2.008
Liao, H., Fang, F., Shi, H., & Wu, Q. (2024) · International Conference on Image Processing, Computer Vision and Machine Learning (ICICML) · doi:10.1109/icicml63543.2024.10958056
Zhang, Z. (. (2025) · Dialnet (Universidad de la Rioja)
Loosening the reins of teacher control: Empowering student writers through web‑based tools
Ducasse, A. M. (2025) · ANU Press eBooks · doi:10.22459/dddlcau.2025.10
Jitpaisarnwattana, N., & Saville, N. (2026) · LEARN Journal : Language Education and Acquisition Research Network · doi:10.70730/xywk3308
Enhancing Writer Identity Through Generative AI
Cardullo, V. M., Fitchett, A., & Clemons, C. A. (2026) · Advances in computational intelligence and robotics book series · doi:10.4018/979-8-3373-8740-6.ch008
- Authors
- El Ebyary, K., & Windeatt, S.
- Affiliations
- Newcastle University (GB)
- ORCID
- Windeatt, Scott
- Venue
- International Journal of English Studies
- Published
- 2010-12-01
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 121
- ISSN
- 1578-7044 (ISSN-L)
- 1989-6131
- OpenAlex
- W2137641526
- Cited by
- 94
- References
- 38
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 14.08
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by-nc-sa
- Locations
- International Journal of English Studies (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Language and Linguistics › EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning
- Social Sciences › Education › Student Assessment and Feedback
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Information Systems › English Language Learning and Teaching
- Keywords
- computer-based feedback, second language writing, automated feedback, instructor feedback, writing quality, essay revision, computer-assisted language learning
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review