AMUSING OURSELVES TO DEATH†
Abstract
But we had forgotten that alongside Orwell's dark vision, there was another slightly older, slightly less well known, equally chilling: Aldous Huxley's Brave New World. Contrary to common belief even among the educated, Huxley and Orwell did not prophesy the same thing. Orwell warns that we will be overcome by an externally imposed oppression. But in Huxley's vision, no Big Brother is required to deprive people of their autonomy, maturity and history. As he saw it, people will come to love their oppression, to adore the technologies that undo their capacities to think.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Through mediatization, the operational logic of the dominant form of media gradually comes to define the broader cultural logic of its era.
“Through this process of 'mediatization' (Hjarvard, 2008), the operational logic of the dominant form of media gradually comes to define the broader cultural logic of its era (McLuhan, 1994; Postman, 1985).”
From Social Media Imaginaries and the City: How the Attention Economy Is Reshaping Urban Built Environments (2025) · cites this paper as Postman, 1985
Cites
Still being checked.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Utopian Enterprise: Articulating the Meanings of<i>Star Trek</i>'s Culture of Consumption : Figure 1
Kozinets, R. V. (2001) · Journal of Consumer Research · doi:10.1086/321948 · Cited by 1,051 · see citing works
CURRENT RESEARCH IN SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY
Markovsky, B. (1996) · Cited by 994 · see citing works
Langman, L. (2007) · The Blackwell Encyclopedia of Sociology · doi:10.1002/9781405165518.wbeoss122 · Cited by 782 · see citing works
Celebrity Politicians: Popular Culture and Political Representation
Street, J. (2004) · The British Journal of Politics and International Relations · doi:10.1111/j.1467-856x.2004.00149.x · Cited by 635 · see citing works
A Handbook of Qualitative Methodologies for Mass Communication Research
Jensen, K., & Jankowski, N. W. (2002) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203409800 · Cited by 544 · see citing works
Does Television Erode Social Capital? A Reply to Putnam
Norris, P. (1996) · PS Political Science & Politics · doi:10.2307/420827 · Cited by 502 · see citing works
The Unmanaged Organization: Stories, Fantasies and Subjectivity
Gabriel, Y. (1995) · Organization Studies · doi:10.1177/017084069501600305 · Cited by 496 · see citing works
Citizens, Knowledge, and the Information Environment
Jerit, J., Barabas, J., & Bolsen, T. (2006) · American Journal of Political Science · doi:10.1111/j.1540-5907.2006.00183.x · Cited by 474 · see citing works
Themed flagship brand stores in the new millennium
Kozinets, R. V., Sherry, J. F., DeBerry‐Spence, B., Duhachek, A., Nuttavuthisit, K., & Storm, D. (2002) · Journal of Retailing · doi:10.1016/s0022-4359(01)00063-x · Cited by 422 · see citing works
A Theoretical Agenda for Entertainment-Education
Singhal, A., & Rogers, E. M. (2002) · Communication Theory · doi:10.1111/j.1468-2885.2002.tb00262.x · Cited by 395 · see citing works
Civil Society: The Critical History of an Idea
Ehrenberg, J. R. (1999) · Project Muse (Johns Hopkins University) · Cited by 383 · see citing works
Stanovich, K. E., & Cunningham, A. E. (1992) · Memory & Cognition · doi:10.3758/bf03208254 · Cited by 356 · see citing works
Race, Cultural Capital, and Schooling: An Analysis of Trends in the United States
Kalmijn, M., & Kraaykamp, G. (1996) · Sociology of Education · doi:10.2307/2112721 · Cited by 310 · see citing works
Media Ecology: Exploring the Metaphor to Expand the Theory
Scolari, C. A. (2012) · Communication Theory · doi:10.1111/j.1468-2885.2012.01404.x · Cited by 306 · see citing works
Stand out of our Light: Freedom and Resistance in the Attention Economy
Williams, J. (2018) · doi:10.1017/9781108453004 · Cited by 303 · see citing works
Teaching with digital technology
Clark‐Wilson, A., Robutti, O., & Thomas, M. O. J. (2020) · ZDM · doi:10.1007/s11858-020-01196-0 · Cited by 278 · see citing works
Beyond the boring grey: The construction of the colourful accountant
Jeacle, I. (2007) · Critical Perspectives on Accounting · doi:10.1016/j.cpa.2007.02.008 · Cited by 271 · see citing works
Just doing it: A visual ethnographic study of spectacular consumption behavior at Nike Town
Peñaloza, L. (1998) · Consumption Markets & Culture · doi:10.1080/10253866.1998.9670322 · Cited by 234 · see citing works
Epistemologies of TV journalism
Ekström, M. (2002) · Journalism · doi:10.1177/146488490200300301 · Cited by 222 · see citing works
The intersection of race and crime in television news stories: An experimental study
Peffley, M., Shields, T., & Williams, B. A. (1996) · Political Communication · doi:10.1080/10584609.1996.9963120 · Cited by 216 · see citing works
Ferrell, J. (1999) · Annual Review of Sociology · doi:10.1146/annurev.soc.25.1.395 · Cited by 212 · see citing works
The personal, the political and the popular
van Zoonen, L. (2006) · European Journal of Cultural Studies · doi:10.1177/1367549406066074 · Cited by 200 · see citing works
The student as consumer: The implications and limitations of a metaphor
McMillan, J. J., & Cheney, G. E. (1996) · Communication Education · doi:10.1080/03634529609379028 · Cited by 189 · see citing works
The Internet: a philosophical inquiry
(2000) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.37-5603 · Cited by 188 · see citing works
The Cambridge Introduction to Theatre Studies
Balme, C. B. (2008) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511817021 · Cited by 177 · see citing works
Does Reading Make You Smarter? Literacy and the Development of Verbal Intelligence
Stanovich, K. E. (1993) · Advances in child development and behavior · doi:10.1016/s0065-2407(08)60302-x · Cited by 177 · see citing works
From Analysis to Design: Visual Communication in the Teaching of Writing
George, D. (2002) · College Composition and Communication · doi:10.2307/1512100 · Cited by 175 · see citing works
Red Media, Blue Media, and Purple Media: News Repertoires in the Colorful Media Landscape
Edgerly, S. (2015) · Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media · doi:10.1080/08838151.2014.998220 · Cited by 173 · see citing works
Contextualizing Personal Experience: The Role of Mass Media
Mutz, D. C. (1994) · The Journal of Politics · doi:10.2307/2132188 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
Mediengesellschaft und Medialisierung
Imhof, K. (2006) · Medien & Kommunikationswissenschaft · doi:10.5771/1615-634x-2006-2-191 · Cited by 146 · see citing works
How mass media simulate political transparency
Balkin, J. M. (1999) · Journal for Cultural Research · doi:10.1080/14797589909367175 · Cited by 145 · see citing works
Delicath, J. W., & DeLuca, K. M. (2003) · Argumentation · doi:10.1023/a:1025179019397 · Cited by 144 · see citing works
Co-production in an Information Age: Individual and Community Engagement Supported by New Media
Meijer, A. J. (2012) · VOLUNTAS International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations · doi:10.1007/s11266-012-9311-z · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Treatment and Management of Psychopaths
Lösel, F. A. (1998) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-94-011-3965-6_14 · Cited by 131 · see citing works
The Internet and U. S. Communication Policy-Making in Historical and Critical Perspective
McChesney, R. W. (1996) · Journal of Communication · doi:10.1111/j.1460-2466.1996.tb01463.x · Cited by 129 · see citing works
Borzekowski, D. L. G., & Robinson, T. N. (2005) · Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine · doi:10.1001/archpedi.159.7.607 · Cited by 128 · see citing works
Gerbaudo, P. (2017) · tripleC Communication Capitalism & Critique Open Access Journal for a Global Sustainable Information Society · doi:10.31269/triplec.v15i2.773 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Information, storytelling and attractions: TV journalism in three modes of communication
Ekström, M. (2000) · Media Culture & Society · doi:10.1177/016344300022004006 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
van Zoonen, L. (2004) · European Journal of Communication · doi:10.1177/0267323104040693 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Media Choice and Informed Democracy: Toward Increasing News Consumption Gaps in Europe?
Aalberg, T., Blekesaune, A., & Elvestad, E. (2013) · The International Journal of Press/Politics · doi:10.1177/1940161213485990 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Technological Transformation, Multiple Literacies, and the Re-visioning of Education
Kellner, D. M. (2007) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-3803-7_9 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
"May Your Life Be Marvelous:" English Language Labelling and the Semiotics of Japanese Promotion
Sherry, J. F., & Camargo, E. G. (1987) · Journal of Consumer Research · doi:10.1086/209104 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Revolutionary pedagogies : cultural politics, instituting education, and the discourse of theory
Trifonas, P. P. (2000) · Cited by 111 · see citing works
The Political Sociology of Emotions
Demertzis, N. (2020) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781351212472 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
The varieties of cyberspace: Problems in definition and delimitation
Strate, L. (1999) · Western Journal of Communication · doi:10.1080/10570319909374648 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Beyond Framing: A Forum for Framing Researchers
D’Angelo, P., Lule, J., Neuman, W. R., Rodriguez, L., Dimitrova, D. V., & Carragee, K. M. (2019) · Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly · doi:10.1177/1077699018825004 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
What's the meaning of this? Viewers' plural sense-making of TV news
Dahlgren, P. (1988) · Media Culture & Society · doi:10.1177/016344388010003003 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Group Pleasures: Collaborative Commitments, Shared Narrative, and the Sociology of Fun
Fine, G. A., & Corte, U. (2017) · Sociological Theory · doi:10.1177/0735275117692836 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Virtual Community: No ‘Killer Implication’
Feenberg, A., & Bakardjieva, M. (2004) · New Media & Society · doi:10.1177/1461444804039904 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Watching Television and Civic Engagement
Hooghe, M. (2002) · Harvard International Journal of Press/Politics · doi:10.1177/108118002129172566 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Robinson, J. P., & Martin, S. P. (2008) · Social Indicators Research · doi:10.1007/s11205-008-9296-6 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
A Cultural Approach to the Study of Mediated Citizenship
Jones, J. P. (2006) · Social Semiotics · doi:10.1080/10350330600664912 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Syvertsen, T. (2017) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-46499-2 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
An Analysis of Methods for Intercultural Training
Fowler, S. M., & Yamaguchi, M. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108854184.008 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Strhan, A. (2015) · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198724469.001.0001 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
European Broadcasting Law and Policy
Harrison, J., & Woods, L. (2007) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511495298 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
New religions and the internet: Recruiting in a new public space
Dawson, L. L., & Hennebry, J. L. (1999) · Journal of Contemporary Religion · doi:10.1080/13537909908580850 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
An Economic Theory of Avant-Garde and Popular Art, or High and Low Culture
Cowen, T., & Tabarrok, A. T. (2000) · Southern Economic Journal · doi:10.1002/j.2325-8012.2000.tb00335.x · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Measuring and Explaining the Diversity of Voices and Viewpoints in the News
Masini, A., Aelst, P. V., Zerback, T., Reinemann, C., Mancini, P., Mazzoni, M., Damiani, M., & Coen, S. (2017) · Journalism Studies · doi:10.1080/1461670x.2017.1343650 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Beyond “Political” Communicative Spaces: Talking Politics on the Wife Swap Discussion Forum
Graham, T. (2012) · Journal of Information Technology & Politics · doi:10.1080/19331681.2012.635961 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Ferris, K. O. (2007) · Sociology Compass · doi:10.1111/j.1751-9020.2007.00019.x · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Technological Transformation, Multiple Literacies, and the Re-Visioning of Education
Kellner, D. M. (2004) · E-Learning and Digital Media · doi:10.2304/elea.2004.1.1.8 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Systemic Functional Linguistics and Critical Discourse Analysis
Lassen, I. (2004) · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Audience reactions to Hollywood politics
van Zoonen, L. (2007) · Media Culture & Society · doi:10.1177/0163443707076188 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Defining European Public Service Broadcasting
Harrison, J., & Woods, L. (2001) · European Journal of Communication · doi:10.1177/0267323101016004003 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Trends in leisure reading: Forty years of research on reading in the Netherlands
Knulst, W. P., & Kraaykamp, G. (1998) · Poetics · doi:10.1016/s0304-422x(98)00008-4 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Time, Information and Communication Technologies and the Household
Silverstone, R. (1993) · Time & Society · doi:10.1177/0961463x93002003001 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Television, ontological security and the transitional object
Silverstone, R. (1993) · Media Culture & Society · doi:10.1177/016344393015004004 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Huisman, R., Murphet, J., & Dunn, A. (2005) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511811760 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Issues in computer and non-computer supported GDSSs
Ackermann, F., & Eden, C. (1994) · Decision Support Systems · doi:10.1016/0167-9236(94)90054-x · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Wise, A. F., Vytasek, J., Hausknecht, S. N., & Zhao, Y. (2016) · Online Learning · doi:10.24059/olj.v20i2.783 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Strategic Simulations and Our Past
Schut, K. (2007) · Games and Culture · doi:10.1177/1555412007306202 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
On strategies of educational innovation: Between substitution and transformation
Westera, W. (2004) · Higher Education · doi:10.1023/b:high.0000020875.72943.a7 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Against Schooling: Education and Social Class
Aronowitz, S. (2023) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781003286080-10 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Situated Support for Learning: Storm's Weekend With Rachael
Bruckman, A. S. (2000) · Journal of the Learning Sciences · doi:10.1207/s15327809jls0903_4 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Legends on the net: an examination of computer-mediated communication as a locus of oral culture
Fernback, J. (2003) · New Media & Society · doi:10.1177/1461444803005001902 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
The anxiety of obsolescence: the American novel in the age of television
(2007) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.44-5492 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Barnett, S. (1997) · European Journal of Communication · doi:10.1177/0267323197012002003 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
New media, young audiences and discourses of attention: from Sesame Street to ‘snack culture’
Newman, M. Z. (2010) · Media Culture & Society · doi:10.1177/0163443710367693 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
From debate to dialogue: Toward a pedagogy of nonpolarized public discourse
Hyde, B., & Bineham, J. L. (2000) · Southern Communication Journal · doi:10.1080/10417940009373168 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
The Information Superhighway and Post-modernity: The social promise and the social price
Kenway, J. (1996) · Comparative Education · doi:10.1080/03050069628858 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Kenyon, S. (2010) · electronic International Journal of Time Use Research · doi:10.13085/eijtur.7.1.42-60 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Langman, L. (2019) · The Wiley Blackwell Encyclopedia of Urban and Regional Studies · doi:10.1002/9781118568446.eurs0289 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Educational Television is not an Oxymoron
Anderson, D. R. (1998) · The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science · doi:10.1177/0002716298557000003 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Reconstructing Technoliteracy: A Multiple Literacies Approach
Kahn, R., & Kellner, D. M. (2006) · Palgrave Macmillan US eBooks · doi:10.1057/9781403983053_17 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
The media influence debate: Read the fine print, but don't lose sight of the big picture
Shrock, S. A. (1994) · Educational Technology Research and Development · doi:10.1007/bf02299092 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Language mediation in news making: from simultaneous interpreting to other (hybrid) transfer modes
Sergio, F. S. (2011) · OpenstarTs (Univeristy of Trieste https://www.units.it/) · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Katz, E. (2009) · The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science · doi:10.1177/0002716209337796 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Message Framing and Constructing Meaning: An Emerging Paradigm in Mass Communication Research
Wicks, R. H. (2005) · Annals of the International Communication Association · doi:10.1080/23808985.2005.11679052 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
What Is Quality Television News? A plea for extending the professional repertoire of newsmakers
Meijer, I. C. (2003) · Journalism Studies · doi:10.1080/14616700306496 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
The Catalan Political Process for Independence: An Example of the Partisan Media System
Micó, J.-L., & Carbonell, J.-M. (2017) · American Behavioral Scientist · doi:10.1177/0002764217693277 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Groshek, J. (2011) · Journal of Communication · doi:10.1111/j.1460-2466.2011.01594.x · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Stanovich, K. E. (1993) · Journal of Learning Disabilities · doi:10.1177/002221949302600803 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Notley, T., & Dezuanni, M. (2019) · Media, Culture & Society · doi:10.1177/0163443718813470 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Problems in Photojournalism: realism, the nature of news and the humanitarian narrative
Taylor, J. (2000) · Journalism Studies · doi:10.1080/146167000361212 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Andrews, L. (2006) · Journal of Public Affairs · doi:10.1002/pa.37 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Reading Images Critically: Toward a Postmodern Pedagogy
Kellner, D. M. (1988) · Journal of Education · doi:10.1177/002205748817000304 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Children's housework - Are girls more active than boys?
Bonke, J. (2010) · electronic International Journal of Time Use Research · doi:10.13085/eijtur.7.1.1-16 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
What Games Have to Offer: Information Behavior and Meaning-Making in Virtual Play Spaces
Adams, S. S. (2009) · Library trends · doi:10.1353/lib.0.0058 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Television and the Moral Imaginary
Dant, T. (2012) · Palgrave Macmillan UK eBooks · doi:10.1057/9781137035554 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
- Authors
- Postman, N.
- Affiliations
- Neil Postman is Editor of Et cetera.
- Corresponding author
- Postman, Neil
- Venue
- ETC: A Review of General Semantics
- Publisher
- Institute of General Semantics
- Published
- 1985
- Volume
- 42
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 13-18
- ISSN
- 0014-164X (ISSN-L)
- 2168-9245
- OpenAlex
- W1586665605
- Cited by
- 1,117
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 14 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 43 · 2022: 26 · 2021: 29 · 2020: 72 · 2019: 56 · 2018: 46 · 2017: 33 · 2016: 25 · 2015: 33 · 2014: 46 · 2013: 28 · 2012: 33
- FWCI
- 71.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- ETC.: A Review of General Semantics (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Philosophy › Utopian, Dystopian, and Speculative Fiction
- Social Sciences › Communication › Cultural Studies and Postmodernism
- Social Sciences › Communication › Media, Communication, and Education
- Keywords
- Brave New World, Aldous Huxley, George Orwell, loss of autonomy, loss of history
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review