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Cited by 0Collaborative and Sustainable Housing InitiativesHousing Market and EconomicsHousing, Finance, and Neoliberalism

Barriers and Community Land Trust’s Strategies in The Preservation of Affordable Housing

Open access
Mina Elsie Louis Udom, Weje Ikezam Innocent·2019·Journal of Environment and Earth Science
DOI 10.7176/jees/9-3-02
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Abstract

This study investigated housing affordability in St Minver and Brambleside Community Land Trust, Cornwall, England. The methodology adopted was the qualitative methodology. The study addressed the potential barriers as well as the strategies adopted in the Community Land Trust (CLT) in the preservation of housing affordability. In-depth interviews were carried out on members of the community comprising both home owners and tenants. Findings revealed barriers such as the rigidity and overly stringent bureaucratic structures which oversee and regulate the program, and the desire of landowners to make profit, while CTL’s strategies involve increased control over the resale of the houses and an emphasis on the purpose for its development for low-income earners. In conclusion it was stated that it is imperative to address these barriers in line with enabling quick decision making and ensuring the actual gains of the program are made available to its key targets Keywords : Housing affordability, Community Land Trust, House sale restrictions, Bureaucratic regulations DOI : 10.7176/JEES/9-3-02 Publication date :March 31 st 2019

AI snapshot

Written from the paper’s full text.

TL;DR

This qualitative case study of St Minver and Brambleside Community Land Trusts in Cornwall identifies bureaucratic rigidity, landowners’ market-value demands, and site unavailability as barriers to preserving affordable housing, while CLTs use resale restrictions, occupancy criteria, and use checks as strategies. It concludes these barriers must be addressed to speed decisions and ensure low-income target groups benefit.

Key findings

  • Major barriers to preserving affordability were: red tape bureaucracy and regulations that slowed or negatively affected the housing project; landowners’ estimation of actual site market value and desire for greater sales gain; and unavailability of sites in some communities due to unfavorable sites/high land prices.
  • CLT strategies included increased control over resale, sales restrictions tied to pricing and affordability for low-income earners, checks on intended property use, and criteria for occupancy to ensure houses serve low-income earners and those otherwise unable to afford such homes.
  • The analysis generated six (6) initial codes and two (2) axial codes, with the axial codes serving as priori parent codes reflecting the study’s research questions.

Methods

  • Qualitative (idiographic) case study of Community Land Trusts in St Minver and St Teath/Brambleside communities, Cornwall, England, using in-depth interviews as the primary data collection instrument.
  • Respondents included homeowners and tenants in St Minver and Brambleside, key personnel in Cornwall Rural Housing Association, Cornwall Community Land Trust, the councillor for St Minver, and a board member of St Minver CLT; a minimum of 25 respondents was considered the threshold for data saturation.
  • Data were coded into six initial codes and two axial codes linked to the research questions.

Limitations

  • Not stated in the paper: the paper does not include an explicit limitations section.
  • Evident from the text: the study is a single qualitative case study in two Cornwall CLTs with a minimum 25-respondent threshold, relying on subjective perceptions and experiences, which limits generalizability; no demographic breakdown or response rate is reported.

Model-written summary. Check it against the paper before relying on it.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.7176/jees/9-3-02

Cites

17 of 17 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Nothing to recompute.

Claims the paper makes

0 of 7 cited sources checked · 0 supported · 0 flagged

  • Findingown data

    CLT strategies in preserving housing affordability in St Minver include increased control over the resale of houses as a result of insistence on maintaining affordability.

    “The strategies adopted by the CLT in view of preserving housing affordability in St. Minver comprise of increased control over the resale of the houses as a result of the insistence on maintaining affordability”
    • Also stated in: § 7.2 Data Reporting: The data reporting for the study is based on the research questions which provide the primary framework within which the data is structured. Each research question is treated according based on the arguments and opinions of the respondents. · plain
      “sales restrictions are primarily aimed at first protecting the interest of the categories of people or individuals the houses are built for and secondly to provide a check on the use of the houses”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim
  • Findingown data

    CLT strategies include ensuring that the right people who need the houses actually get them (criteria for occupancy).

    “ensuring that the right people who need the houses are actually those who get them”
    • Also stated in: § 7.2 Data Reporting: The data reporting for the study is based on the research questions which provide the primary framework within which the data is structured. Each research question is treated according based on the arguments and opinions of the respondents. · plain
      “criteria for occupancy -which reflects the insistence that the property serves one of the primary the purposes for which it is set up which up which is the provision of housing to low income earners and those who otherwise cannot afford homes of such characteristics”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim
  • Findingown data

    Rigid and overly stringent bureaucratic structures and regulations that oversee and regulate the affordable housing program slowed down and negatively affected the housing project in St Minver and Brambleside Community Land Trust, Cornwall.

    “The data revealed three main factors which could be considered as the dominant challenges experienced in the preservation of the affordability of the housing projects, these are first, the red tape bureaucracy and regulations which slowed down and in most cases impinged negatively on the housing project”
    • Also stated in: § 7.2 Data Reporting: The data reporting for the study is based on the research questions which provide the primary framework within which the data is structured. Each research question is treated according based on the arguments and opinions of the respondents. · plain
      “The major and potential barriers of preserving the affordability of the housing programs are concerned with the rigidity and overly stringent bureaucratic structures which oversee and regulate the program”
    • Also stated in: § 9. Conclusion · plain
      “the red tape bureaucracies and overly rigid regulatory activities of the authorities”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim
  • Findingown data

    Landowners' estimation of the actual market value of planned sites and their desire to make profit by selling only at market value was a dominant barrier to preserving housing affordability in St Minver and Brambleside Community Land Trust.

    “second, the landowners estimation of the actual site market value for the projects and the possibility of greater gain for the sales of their lands”
    • Also stated in: § 8. Discussion of Findings · plain
      “the desire by some landowners to make profit from their lands by selling only at the market value for the sites”
    • Also stated in: § 9. Conclusion · plain
      “the market value estimates of the sites”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim
  • Findingown data

    Unavailability of sites in some communities was a dominant barrier to preserving housing affordability in St Minver and Brambleside Community Land Trust.

    “third, the unavailability of sites due to the unfavorable nature of the sites in most of the communities”
    • Also stated in: § 9. Conclusion · plain
      “the unavailability of some sites as a result of their prices”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim
  • May combine two claims. 4
  • Classified as probably not a substantial claim. 4

  • May combine two claims.

    Findingown data

    Sales restrictions were considered necessary for screening potential buyers and for formulating the resale covenant.

    “The evidence also suggests that such restrictions are considered necessary in the screening of potential buyers as well as formulation of the resale covenant.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

    Premisecitation

    Resale restriction covenants were added to the CLT model to ensure permanent affordability.

    “The last key characteristic of the CLT viewed by Davis (2014) in terms of operation is the resale restriction covenants added in the model to ensure permanent affordability.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites Davis (2014)

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  • May combine two claims.

    Premisecitation

    Short-term affordability tenures provided by developers on behalf of councils were short lived and upon expiration the properties lose their affordability.

    “It further argued that short term affordability tenures provided by developers on behalf of councils were short lived as upon expiration, such properties lose their affordability (Miller, 2015).”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites Miller, 2015

  • May combine two claims.

    Premisecitation

    CLTs are adopted models by cities to address housing affordability, but are modified to respond to specific circumstances faced by local opportunities and challenges.

    “CLTs are adopted models by cities to address housing affordability, but are modified to respond to specific circumstances faced by local opportunities and challenges (Miller, 2015).”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites Miller, 2015

  • Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

    Premisecitation

    CLTs are regarded as vehicles in preserving affordable housing at a time when housing shortages and spending cuts had stretched local authorities' capacity for funding.

    “For the government, CLTs are vehicles in preserving affordable housing, at a time when housing shortages, cuts in spending had stretched local authorities' capacity for funding.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites DCLG, 2011

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

    Premisecitation

    CLTs are seen as a better option to counter the short-term affordability tenures provided by developers on behalf of councils.

    “in addition, it's seen as a better option to counter the short-term affordability tenures provided by developers on behalf of councils.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites Miller, 2015

  • May combine two claims.

    Interpretationreasoning

    The findings imply a tendency for minimal house pricing and resale policies and support for the well-being and development of community members.

    “This implies a tendency for minimal house pricing and resale policies and the support for the well-being and development of various community members.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

    Study design and conductnone given

    A minimum of 25 respondents was used as the threshold for assessing data saturation.

    “A minimum number of 25 respondents were considered as threshold in the assessment of data saturation and covered a variety of respondents from the identified categories of home owners, tenants of St Minver and Brambleside, key personnel in the Cornwall Rural Housing Association, Cornwall Community Land Trust, the Councilor for St Minver, a board member of St Minver CLT.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim
8 of 8

  • The authors state this as an assumption.

    The subjective feelings, experiences, and interpretations of the target respondents are a valid basis for identifying barriers to and strategies for preserving affordable housing in the CLT.

    “This is premised on the nature of the study which draws significantly from the highly subjective feelings and experiences of the target respondents and their unique as well as conscious constructions and interpretations of their life world.”

  • The paper relies on this without support.

    Previous research has not adequately investigated the existing barriers to affordable housing in CLTs.

    “This is paramount as previous studies (DeFilippis, 1999) have focused on the benefits and successes achieved by CLTs; however, an investigation into the existing barriers is justified on the basis of identifying and addressing the prevailing loopholes which stifle the progress and overall success of the program.”
2 of 2

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Research works printed but not linked: 3

  1. Allison E. J. W. (2014, May 23rd). Land Reform Review Group Final Report -The Land of Scotland and the Common Good. Retrieved from Scottish Government: http://www.gov.scot/Publications/2014/05/2852
  2. Creswell, J. W. (2007). Qualitative Enquiry and Research Design: Choosing Among Five Approaches. SAGE Publications. London
  3. Martens, B. (2009). A Political History Of Affordable Housing. Journal of Housing and Community Development, 6-12.

Cited by

Still being checked.

Related

Authors
Udom, M. E. L., & Innocent, W. I.
Affiliations
Rivers State University (NG)
Venue
Journal of Environment and Earth Science
Publisher
International Institute for Science, Technology and Education
Published
2019-03
ISSN
2224-3216 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.7176/jees/9-3-02
OpenAlex
W2943048511
Cited by
0
References
16
FWCI
0.00
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
cc-by
Locations
  • Journal of environment and earth science (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Journals & Books Hosting (International Knowledge Sharing Platform) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Urban Studies › Collaborative and Sustainable Housing Initiatives
  • Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Housing Market and Economics
  • Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Finance › Housing, Finance, and Neoliberalism
Keywords
community land trusts, housing affordability, bureaucratic regulation, low-income housing

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