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Viscosupplementation for Osteoarthritis of the Knee: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: Viscosupplementation, the intra-articular injection of hyaluronic acid, is widely used for symptomatic knee osteoarthritis. PURPOSE: To assess the benefits and risks of viscosupplementation for adults with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis. DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE (1966 to January 2012), EMBASE (1980 to January 2012), the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (1970 to January 2012), and other sources. STUDY SELECTION: Randomized trials in any language that compared viscosupplementation with sham or nonintervention control in adults with knee osteoarthritis. DATA EXTRACTION: Primary outcomes were pain intensity and flare-ups. Secondary outcomes included function and serious adverse events. Reviewers used duplicate abstractions, assessed study quality, pooled data by using a random-effects model, examined funnel plots, and explored heterogeneity by using meta-regression. DATA SYNTHESIS: Eighty-nine trials involving 12 667 adults met inclusion criteria. Sixty-eight had a sham control, 40 had a follow-up duration greater than 3 months, and 22 used cross-linked forms of hyaluronic acid. Overall, 71 trials (9617 patients) showed that viscosupplementation moderately reduced pain (effect size, -0.37 [95% CI, -0.46 to -0.28]). There was important between-trial heterogeneity and an asymmetrical funnel plot: Trial size, blinded outcome assessment, and publication status were associated with effect size. Five unpublished trials (1149 patients) showed an effect size of -0.03 (CI, -0.14 to 0.09). Eighteen large trials with blinded outcome assessment (5094 patients) showed a clinically irrelevant effect size of -0.11 (CI, -0.18 to -0.04). Six trials (811 patients) showed that viscosupplementation increased, although not statistically significantly, the risk for flare-ups (relative risk, 1.51 [CI, 0.84 to 2.72]). Fourteen trials (3667 patients) showed that viscosupplementation increased the risk for serious adverse events (relative risk, 1.41 [CI, 1.02 to 1.97]). LIMITATIONS: Trial quality was generally low. Safety data were often not reported. CONCLUSION: In patients with knee osteoarthritis, viscosupplementation is associated with a small and clinically irrelevant benefit and an increased risk for serious adverse events. PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE: Arco Foundation.
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“Injection of HA as a 'visco-supplement' for relief of painful joints is to this day a popular clinical treatment, though its benefits (over and above a placebo effect, say) have been questioned [120], and there is little evidence that it acts to reduce the friction in the conditions of articulating joints.”
From Hydration lubrication (2013) · cites this paper as [120]
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Cites
Meta-analysis in clinical trials
DerSimonian, R., & Laird, N. (1986) · Controlled Clinical Trials · doi:10.1016/0197-2456(86)90046-2 · Cited by 39,552
Funnel plots for detecting bias in meta-analysis
Sterne, J. A. C., & Egger, M. (2001) · Journal of Clinical Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/s0895-4356(01)00377-8 · Cited by 3,779
Assessing the quality of controlled clinical trials
Jüni, P., Altman, D. G., & Egger, M. (2001) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.323.7303.42 · Cited by 3,309 · cited 1×
“We then assessed concealment of allocation, blinding of patients, use of a sham control, blinded outcome assessment, and intention-to-treat analyses (14, 15).”
MethodSelf-citationPublication and related bias in meta-analysis
Sterne, J. A. C., Gavaghan, D., & Egger, M. (2000) · Journal of Clinical Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/s0895-4356(00)00242-0 · Cited by 2,282
Peters, J. L., Sutton, A. J., Jones, D. R., Abrams, K. R., & Rushton, L. (2008) · Journal of Clinical Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2007.11.010 · Cited by 2,053
Small study effects in meta-analyses of osteoarthritis trials: meta-epidemiological study
Nuesch, E., Trelle, S., Reichenbach, S., Rutjes, A. W. S., Tschannen, B., Altman, D. G., Egger, M., & Juni, P. (2010) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.c3515 · Cited by 559
Self-citationNuesch, E., Trelle, S., Reichenbach, S., Rutjes, A. W. S., Burgi, E., Scherer, M., Altman, D. G., & Juni, P. (2009) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.b3244 · Cited by 248 · cited 1×
“A major limitation is the poor methodological quality and reporting quality of many of the included trials, as previously described for a larger body of osteoarthritis trials (28, 124, 125).”
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Metadata
- Authors
- Rutjes, A. W. S., Jüni, P., da Costa, B. R., Trelle, S., Nüesch, E., & Reichenbach, S.
- Affiliations
- University of Bern (CH)
- Venue
- Annals of Internal Medicine
- Publisher
- American College of Physicians
- Published
- 2012-08-07
- Volume
- 157
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 180-191
- ISSN
- 0003-4819 (ISSN-L)
- 1539-3704
- OpenAlex
- W2052535861
- Cited by
- 717
- References
- 7
- Citations by year
- 2026: 14 · 2025: 31 · 2024: 21 · 2023: 26 · 2022: 26 · 2021: 54 · 2020: 67 · 2019: 43 · 2018: 48 · 2017: 40 · 2016: 57 · 2015: 195 · 2014: 48 · 2013: 36 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 13.84
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- hdl.handle.net
- Locations
- Annals of Internal Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- IRIS UNIMORE (University of Modena and Reggio Emilia) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rheumatology › Osteoarthritis Treatment and Mechanisms
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation › Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycans research
- Keywords
- viscosupplementation, knee osteoarthritis, hyaluronic acid, intra-articular injection, analgesia, flare-ups, serious adverse events, cross-linked hyaluronic acid, trial quality, publication bias, knee function, unpublished trials, meta-regression, heterogeneity, publication status, trial size, blinding
- MeSH terms
- Humans, Hyaluronic Acid, Pain, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Osteoarthritis, Knee, Viscosupplements, Viscosupplementation
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