Cited by 717Osteoarthritis Treatment and MechanismsMusculoskeletal pain and rehabilitationProteoglycans and glycosaminoglycans research

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Viscosupplementation for Osteoarthritis of the Knee: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Viscosupplementation, the intra-articular injection of hyaluronic acid, is widely used for symptomatic knee osteoarthritis. PURPOSE: To assess the benefits and risks of viscosupplementation for adults with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis. DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE (1966 to January 2012), EMBASE (1980 to January 2012), the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (1970 to January 2012), and other sources. STUDY SELECTION: Randomized trials in any language that compared viscosupplementation with sham or nonintervention control in adults with knee osteoarthritis. DATA EXTRACTION: Primary outcomes were pain intensity and flare-ups. Secondary outcomes included function and serious adverse events. Reviewers used duplicate abstractions, assessed study quality, pooled data by using a random-effects model, examined funnel plots, and explored heterogeneity by using meta-regression. DATA SYNTHESIS: Eighty-nine trials involving 12 667 adults met inclusion criteria. Sixty-eight had a sham control, 40 had a follow-up duration greater than 3 months, and 22 used cross-linked forms of hyaluronic acid. Overall, 71 trials (9617 patients) showed that viscosupplementation moderately reduced pain (effect size, -0.37 [95% CI, -0.46 to -0.28]). There was important between-trial heterogeneity and an asymmetrical funnel plot: Trial size, blinded outcome assessment, and publication status were associated with effect size. Five unpublished trials (1149 patients) showed an effect size of -0.03 (CI, -0.14 to 0.09). Eighteen large trials with blinded outcome assessment (5094 patients) showed a clinically irrelevant effect size of -0.11 (CI, -0.18 to -0.04). Six trials (811 patients) showed that viscosupplementation increased, although not statistically significantly, the risk for flare-ups (relative risk, 1.51 [CI, 0.84 to 2.72]). Fourteen trials (3667 patients) showed that viscosupplementation increased the risk for serious adverse events (relative risk, 1.41 [CI, 1.02 to 1.97]). LIMITATIONS: Trial quality was generally low. Safety data were often not reported. CONCLUSION: In patients with knee osteoarthritis, viscosupplementation is associated with a small and clinically irrelevant benefit and an increased risk for serious adverse events. PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE: Arco Foundation.

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Metadata

Authors
Rutjes, A. W. S., Jüni, P., da Costa, B. R., Trelle, S., Nüesch, E., & Reichenbach, S.
Affiliations
University of Bern (CH)
Venue
Annals of Internal Medicine
Published
2012-08-07
Volume
157
Issue
3
Pages
180-191
ISSN
  • 0003-4819 (ISSN-L)
  • 1539-3704
OpenAlex
W2052535861
Cited by
717
References
7
Citations by year
2026: 14 · 2025: 31 · 2024: 21 · 2023: 26 · 2022: 26 · 2021: 54 · 2020: 67 · 2019: 43 · 2018: 48 · 2017: 40 · 2016: 57 · 2015: 195 · 2014: 48 · 2013: 36 · 2012: 10
FWCI
13.84
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Annals of Internal Medicine (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • IRIS UNIMORE (University of Modena and Reggio Emilia) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Rheumatology › Osteoarthritis Treatment and Mechanisms
  • Health Sciences › Health Professions › Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation › Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycans research
Keywords
viscosupplementation, knee osteoarthritis, hyaluronic acid, intra-articular injection, analgesia, flare-ups, serious adverse events, cross-linked hyaluronic acid, trial quality, publication bias, knee function, unpublished trials, meta-regression, heterogeneity, publication status, trial size, blinding
MeSH terms
Humans, Hyaluronic Acid, Pain, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Osteoarthritis, Knee, Viscosupplements, Viscosupplementation

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