INFLUENZA: THE NEWE ACQUAYANTANCE

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Article1 August 1953INFLUENZA: THE NEWE ACQUAYANTANCETHOMAS FRANCIS JR., M.D.THOMAS FRANCIS JR., M.D.Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-39-2-203 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe honor conferred by The American College of Physicians in naming me the James D. Bruce Memorial Lecturer in Preventive Medicine for 1953, I fully appreciate. The atmosphere in which I grew up medically, though primarily concerned with the care of the patient, constantly stimulated an interest in the broader problem of the disease itself and the biologic mechanisms involved in its occurrence. There was the hopeful attitude that not only could understanding be gained but also that it could lead to better treatment of the sick and, still further, to the ultimate objective—prevention. It was not a pattern of...Bibliography1. Editorial: Glimpses of influenza in the past, Brit. M. J. 1: 138, 1919. Google Scholar2. Thompson T: Annals of influenza, 1852, The Sydenham Society, London. (a) p. 11, Willis: Epidemic of 1658. (b) pp. 6-10, Short, T.: Epidemics of 1510-1581. (c) p. 60, Hoxham: Epidemic of 1743. (d) p. 66, Alves, J.: Letter to Dr. Robert Whytt, 1759. (e) pp. 117-148, Gray, E.: The epidemic catarrh of 1782; p. 170, Hamilton, R.: Age and constitution most liable to the influenza (1782); p. 149, Smyth, C.: Account of influenza, London, 1782. (f) p. 302, Streeten, R. J. N.: Epidemic catarrh of 1836-37. Google Scholar3. ThomsonR. D: Influenza, Vol. 9, 1933, Butterworth, London. Google Scholar4. Jordan EO: Epidemic influenza, 1927, American Medical Association, Chicago. (a) p. 12. (b) pp. 18-19. Google Scholar5. Hirsch A: Handbook of geographical and historical pathology, 2nd Ed., trans, from German by Charles Creighton, Vol. I, 1883, The New Sydenham Society, London. Google Scholar6. CollinsFrostGoverSydenstricker SDNHME (a) : Mortality from influenza and pneumonia in 50 large cities of the United States, 1910-1929, Pub. Health Rep. 45: 2277, 1930. (b) Collins, S. D.: Influenza and pneumonia excess mortality at specific ages in the epidemic of 1943-44, with comparative data for preceding epidemics, Pub. Health Rep. 60: 821, 853, 1945. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar7. FrancisQuilliganMinuse TJJE: Identification of another epidemic respiratory disease, Science 112: 495, 1950. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar8. Francis T: The development of the 1943 vaccination study of the Commission on Influenza, Am. J. Hyg. 42: 1, 1945. Google Scholar9. FrancisSalkBrace TJEWM: The protective effect of vaccination against epidemic influenza B, J. A. M. A. 131: 275, 1946. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar10. Frost WH (a) : Statistics of influenza morbidity, with special references to certain factors in case incidence and case fatality, Pub. Health Rep. 35: 584, 1920. (b) Frost, W. H., and Sydenstricker, E.: Influenza in Maryland—preliminary statistics on certain localities, Pub. Health Rep. 34: 491, 1919. CrossrefGoogle Scholar11. Collins SD (a) : Age and sex incidence of influenza and pneumonia morbidity and mortality in the epidemic of 1928-29 with comparative data for the epidemic of 1918-19. Based on surveys of families in certain localities in the United States following epidemics, Pub. Health Rep. 46: 1909, 1931. (b) Collins, S. D.: The influenza epidemic of 1928-29 in 14 surveyed localities in the United States. An analysis according to age, sex and color of the records of morbidity and mortality obtained in the surveys, Pub. Health Rep. 49: 1, 1934. (c) Collins, S. D.: Age and sex incidence of influenza in the epidemic of 1943-44 with comparative data for preceding outbreaks. Based on surveys in Baltimore and other communities in the Eastern States, Pub. Health Rep. 59: 1483, 1944. (d) Collins, S. D., and Lehmann, J.: Trends and epidemics of influenza and pneumonia, Pub. Health Rep. 66: 1487, 1951. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar12. Francis T: Epidemiological studies in influenza, Am. J. Pub. Health 27: 211, 1937. CrossrefGoogle Scholar13. Heffron R: Accessory factors influencing incidence of pneumonia, in Pneumonia, 1939, Commonwealth Fund, New York, pp. 299-307. Google Scholar14. WinternitzWasonMcNamara MCIMFP: Pathology of influenza, 1920, Yale University Press, New Haven. Google Scholar15. Shope RE: The influenzas of swine and man, in Harvey Lectures, Vol. 31, 1935-36, Williams & Wilkins Company, Baltimore, p. 183. Google Scholar16. Francis T: Studies in influenza, Pennsylvania M. J. 40: 249, 1937. Google Scholar17. ShopeFrancis RET: The susceptibility of swine to the virus of human influenza, J. Exper. Med. 64: 791, 1936. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar18. HaleMcKee WMAP (a) : The value of influenza vaccination when done at the beginning of an epidemic, Am. J. Hyg. 42: 21, 1945. (b) Hirst, G. K., Plummer, N., and Friedewald, W. F.: Human immunity following vaccination with formalinized influenza virus, Am. J. Hyg.