The DOI matches its Crossref record; 44 of the 44 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Obesity and Mortality Among Patients Diagnosed With COVID-19: Results From an Integrated Health Care Organization
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: Obesity, race/ethnicity, and other correlated characteristics have emerged as high-profile risk factors for adverse coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-associated outcomes, yet studies have not adequately disentangled their effects. OBJECTIVE: To determine the adjusted effect of body mass index (BMI), associated comorbidities, time, neighborhood-level sociodemographic factors, and other factors on risk for death due to COVID-19. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. SETTING: Kaiser Permanente Southern California, a large integrated health care organization. PATIENTS: Kaiser Permanente Southern California members diagnosed with COVID-19 from 13 February to 2 May 2020. MEASUREMENTS: Multivariable Poisson regression estimated the adjusted effect of BMI and other factors on risk for death at 21 days; models were also stratified by age and sex. RESULTS: had relative risks of 2.68 (95% CI, 1.43 to 5.04) and 4.18 (CI, 2.12 to 8.26), respectively. This risk was most striking among those aged 60 years or younger and men. Increased risk for death associated with Black or Latino race/ethnicity or other sociodemographic characteristics was not detected. LIMITATION: Deaths occurring outside a health care setting and not captured in membership files may have been missed. CONCLUSION: Obesity plays a profound role in risk for death from COVID-19, particularly in male patients and younger populations. Our capitated system with more equalized health care access may explain the absence of effect of racial/ethnic and socioeconomic disparities on death. Our data highlight the leading role of severe obesity over correlated risk factors, providing a target for early intervention. PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE: Roche-Genentech.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China
Guan, W.-J., Ni, Z.-Y., Hu, Y., Liang, W.-H., Ou, C.-Q., He, J.-X., Liu, L., Shan, H., Lei, C.-L., Hui, D. S. C., et al. (2020) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa2002032 · Cited by 30,246
Zhou, F., Yu, T., Du, R., Fan, G., Liu, Y., Liu, Z., Xiang, J., Wang, Y., Song, B., Gu, X., et al. (2020) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30566-3 · Cited by 27,263
Wu, Z., & McGoogan, J. M. (2020) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2020.2648 · Cited by 17,016
Grasselli, G., Zangrillo, A., Zanella, A., Antonelli, M., Cabrini, L., Castelli, A., Cereda, D., Coluccello, A., Foti, G., Fumagalli, R., et al. (2020) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2020.5394 · Cited by 5,469
Petrilli, C. M., Jones, S. A., Yang, J., Rajagopalan, H., O’Donnell, L., Chernyak, Y., Tobin, K. A., Cerfolio, R. J., Francois, F., & Horwitz, L. I. (2020) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.m1966 · Cited by 3,054
(2020) · PubMed · Cited by 2,642
Covid-19 in Critically Ill Patients in the Seattle Region — Case Series
Bhatraju, P. K., Ghassemieh, B. J., Nichols, M., Kim, R., Jerome, K. R., Nalla, A. K., Greninger, A. L., Pipavath, S., Wurfel, M. M., Evans, L., et al. (2020) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa2004500 · Cited by 2,583
Risk factors for severity and mortality in adult COVID-19 inpatients in Wuhan
Li, X., Xu, S., Yu, M., Wang, K., Tao, Y., Zhou, Y., Shi, J., Zhou, M., Wu, B., Yang, Z., et al. (2020) · Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2020.04.006 · Cited by 2,219
Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors in patients with Covid-19
Vaduganathan, M., Vardeny, O., Michel, T., McMurray, J. J. V., Pfeffer, M. A., & Solomon, S. D. (2020) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmsr2005760 · Cited by 2,101
COVID-19 and Racial/Ethnic Disparities
Webb Hooper, M., Nápoles, A. M., & Pérez-Stable, E. J. (2020) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2020.8598 · Cited by 2,047
Cited by
Global pandemics interconnected — obesity, impaired metabolic health and COVID-19
Stefan, N., Birkenfeld, A. L., & Schulze, M. B. (2021) · Nature Reviews Endocrinology · doi:10.1038/s41574-020-00462-1 · Cited by 452
Severity of COVID-19 at elevated exposure to perfluorinated alkylates
Grandjean, P., Timmermann, C. A. G., Kruse, M., Nielsen, F., Vinholt, P. J., Boding, L., Heilmann, C., & Mølbak, K. (2020) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0244815 · Cited by 131
Anesi, G. L., Jablonski, J., Harhay, M. O., Atkins, J. H., Bajaj, J., Baston, C., Brennan, P. J., Candeloro, C. L., Catalano, L. M., Cereda, M. F., et al. (2021) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/m20-5327 · Cited by 115
Courcoulas, A. P., Johnson, E., Arterburn, D. E., Haneuse, S., Herrinton, L. J., Fisher, D. P., Li, R. A., Theis, M. K., Liu, L., Taylor, B., et al. (2023) · Annals of Surgery · doi:10.1097/sla.0000000000005155 · Cited by 41
Treating the Chronic Disease of Obesity
Gossmann, M., Butsch, W. S., & Jastreboff, A. M. (2021) · Medical Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.mcna.2021.06.005 · Cited by 33
Metadata
- Authors
- Tartof, S. Y., Qian, L., Hong, V., Wei, R., Nadjafi, R. F., Fischer, H., Li, Z., Shaw, S. F., Caparosa, S. L., Nau, C. L., Saxena, T., Rieg, G. K., Ackerson, B. K., Sharp, A. L., Skarbinski, J., Naik, T. K., & Murali, S. B.
- Venue
- Annals of Internal Medicine
- Publisher
- American College of Physicians
- Published
- 2020-11-17
- Volume
- 173
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 773-781
- ISSN
- 0003-4819 (ISSN-L)
- 1539-3704
- OpenAlex
- W3048371719
- Cited by
- 608
- References
- 44
- FWCI
- 16.30
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Obesity and Mortality Among Patients Diagnosed With COVID-19: Results From an Integrated Health Care Organization. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.7326/m20-3742
- The paper
- Tartof, S. Y., Qian, L., Hong, V., Wei, R., Nadjafi, R. F., Fischer, H., Li, Z., Shaw, S. F., Caparosa, S. L., Nau, C. L., Saxena, T., Rieg, G. K., Ackerson, B. K., Sharp, A. L., Skarbinski, J., Naik, T. K., & Murali, S. B. (2020). Obesity and Mortality Among Patients Diagnosed With COVID-19: Results From an Integrated Health Care Organization. Annals of Internal Medicine. https://doi.org/10.7326/m20-3742
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
