Avian Pox in Magellanic Penguins (Spheniscus magellanicus)
Abstract
Avian pox is an enveloped double-stranded DNA virus that is mechanically transmitted via arthropod vectors or mucosal membrane contact with infectious particles or birds. Magellanic Penguins (Spheniscus magellanicus) from two colonies (Punta Tombo and Cabo Dos Bahías) in Argentina showed sporadic, nonepidemic signs of avian pox during five and two of 29 breeding seasons (1982-2010), respectively. In Magellanic Penguins, avian pox expresses externally as wart-like lesions around the beak, flippers, cloaca, feet, and eyes. Fleas (Parapsyllus longicornis) are the most likely arthropod vectors at these colonies. Three chicks with cutaneous pox-like lesions were positive for Avipoxvirus and revealed phylogenetic proximity with an Avipoxvirus found in Black-browed Albatross (Thalassarche melanophrys) from the Falkland Islands in 1987. This proximity suggests a long-term circulation of seabird Avipoxviruses in the southwest Atlantic. Avian pox outbreaks in these colonies primarily affected chicks, often resulted in death, and were not associated with handling, rainfall, or temperature.
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Mortality of Magellanic penguin S. magellanicus chicks from avian pox has occurred.
“although mortality of Magellanic penguin S. magellanicus chicks has occurred [55].”
From Hand-Rearing, Release and Survival of African Penguin Chicks Abandoned Before Independence by Moulting Parents (2014) · cites this paper as [55]
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- Authors
- Kane, O. J., Uhart, M. M., Rago, V., Pereda, A. J., Smith, J. R., Van Buren, A., Clark, J. A., & Boersma, P. D.
- Affiliations
- Wildlife Conservation Society (US)
- Wildlife Conservation Society Argentina (AR)
- Global Health Program, Wildlife Conservation Society, CC 1N19, Puerto Madryn (9120), Chubut, Argentina
- National Agricultural Technology Institute (AR)
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, 24 Kincaid Hall, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
- Venue
- Journal of Wildlife Diseases
- Publisher
- Wildlife Disease Association
- Published
- 2012-07
- Volume
- 48
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 790-794
- ISSN
- 0090-3558 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1984954412
- Cited by
- 45
- References
- 10
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 2
- FWCI
- 2.59
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Wildlife Diseases (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- BioOne Complete (BioOne) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Parasitology › Bird parasitology and diseases
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Virology › Poxvirus research and outbreaks
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Keywords
- avian pox, avipoxvirus, Magellanic penguin, Spheniscus magellanicus, flea vectors, arthropod-borne transmission, skin lesions, chicks, phylogenetic analysis, black-browed albatross, Thalassarche melanophrys, southwestern Atlantic, outbreak
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Argentina, Disease Outbreaks, Siphonaptera, Insect Vectors, Poxviridae Infections, Avipoxvirus, Spheniscidae
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