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Cited by 52Seed Germination and PhysiologyGenetic and Environmental Crop StudiesPlant Parasitism and Resistance

Variation in wild pea (Pisum sativum subsp.elatius) seed dormancy and its relationship to the environment and seed coat traits

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Hradilová, Iveta, Duchoslav, Martin, Brus, Jan, Pechanec, Vilém, Hýbl, Miroslav, Kopecký, Pavel, Smržová, Lucie, Štefelová, Nikola +6 more·2019·PeerJ
DOI 10.7717/peerj.6263PMC PMC6336014
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Abstract

Background: Seed germination is one of the earliest key events in the plant life cycle. The timing of transition from seed to seedling is an important developmental stage determining the survival of individuals that influences the status of populations and species. Because of wide geographical distribution and occurrence in diverse habitats, wild pea (Pisum sativum subsp.elatius) offers an excellent model to study physical type of seed dormancy in an ecological context. This study addresses the gap in knowledge of association between the seed dormancy, seed properties and environmental factors, experimentally testing oscillating temperature as dormancy release clue. Methods: Seeds of 97 pea accessions were subjected to two germination treatments (oscillating temperatures of 25/15 °C and 35/15 °C) over 28 days. Germination pattern was described using B-spline coefficients that aggregate both final germination and germination speed. Relationships between germination pattern and environmental conditions at the site of origin (soil and bioclimatic variables extracted from WorldClim 2.0 and SoilGrids databases) were studied using principal component analysis, redundancy analysis and ecological niche modelling. Seeds were analyzed for the seed coat thickness, seed morphology, weight and content of proanthocyanidins (PA). Results: Seed total germination ranged from 0% to 100%. Cluster analysis of germination patterns of seeds under two temperature treatments differentiated the accessions into three groups: (1) non-dormant (28 accessions, mean germination of 92%), (2) dormant at both treatments (29 acc., 15%) and (3) responsive to increasing temperature range (41 acc., with germination change from 15 to 80%). Seed coat thickness differed between groups with dormant and responsive accessions having thicker testa (median 138 and 140 µm) than non-dormant ones (median 84 mm). The total PA content showed to be higher in the seed coat of dormant (mean 2.18 mg g−1) than those of non-dormant (mean 1.77 mg g−1) and responsive accessions (mean 1.87 mg g−1). Each soil and bioclimatic variable and also germination responsivity (representing synthetic variable characterizing germination pattern of seeds) was spatially clustered. However, only one environmental variable (BIO7, i.e., annual temperature range) was significantly related to germination responsivity. Non-dormant and responsive accessions covered almost whole range of BIO7 while dormant accessions are found in the environment with higher annual temperature, smaller temperature variation, seasonality and milder winter. Ecological niche modelling showed a more localized potential distribution of dormant group. Seed dormancy in the wild pea might be part of a bet-hedging mechanism for areas of the Mediterranean basin with more unpredictable water availability in an otherwise seasonal environment. This study provides the framework for analysis of environmental aspects of physical seed dormancy.

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  • Tegument thickness is the main factor responsible for the physical dormancy and consequent inhibition of seed germination in wild pea (P. sativum subsp. elatius).

    “The tegument thickness was highlighted as the main factor responsible for the physical dormancy and the consequent inhibition of seed germination in wild pea ( P. sativum subsp. elatius ) (Hradilová et al., 2019).”

    From Exploring the Applicability of Calorespirometry to Assess Seed Metabolic Stability Upon Temperature Stress Conditions—Pisum sativum L. Used as a Case Study (2022) · cites this paper as Hradilová et al., 2019

    The Results section on seed coat thickness reports that dormant wild-pea accessions had thicker seed coats than non-dormant ones, and the Discussion describes a positive correlation between testa thickness and dormancy (page numbers unavailable). These passages support an association, but they do not establish thickness as the main factor responsible for physical dormancy or germination inhibition; some non-dormant accessions also had thick seed coats. (LLM, conf=0.88)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Optimal temperature conditions are critical for the metabolic processes involved in seedling growth.

    “Some studies [3,15] have shown that optimal temperature conditions are critical for the metabolic processes involved in seedling growth.”

    From Optimizing Water, Temperature, and Density Conditions for In Vitro Pea (Pisum sativum L.) Germination (2024) · cites this paper as [15]

    The Discussion (page unavailable) says temperature is a critical factor regulating seed dormancy and germination, and the Results report different germination responses under two temperature regimes. The paper does not establish an optimal temperature for metabolic processes involved in seedling growth; it studies seed germination rather than seedling growth. (LLM, conf=0.82)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Hradilová, I., Duchoslav, M., Brus, J., Pechanec, V., Hýbl, M., Kopecký, P., Smržová, L., Štefelová, N., Vaclávek, T., Bariotakis, M., Machalová, J., Hron, K., Pirintsos, S., & Smýkal, P.
Affiliations
  • Palacký University Olomouc (CZ)
  • Czech Agrifood Research Center (CZ)
  • Department of Mathematical Analysis and Applications of Mathematics, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
  • University of Crete (GR)
Corresponding author
Smýkal, Petr
ORCID
Venue
PeerJ
Publisher
PeerJ
Published
2019-01-14
Volume
7
Pages
e6263
ISSN
2167-8359 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.7717/peerj.6263
PMC
PMC6336014
OpenAlex
W2910381298
Cited by
52
References
0
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 3
FWCI
5.71
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • PeerJ (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
  • Grant Agency of the Czech Republic (16-21053S)
  • Palacký University grant Agency IGA (2018_001, 2019_004)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Seed Germination and Physiology
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Genetic and Environmental Crop Studies
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Plant Parasitism and Resistance
Keywords
Pisum sativum subsp. elatius, wild pea, seed dormancy, seed germination, temperature oscillations, dormancy breaking, seed coat thickness, proanthocyanidins, bioclimatic variables, soil properties, ecological niche modeling, seed accessions, germination speed, annual temperature range, seedling establishment

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