The DOI matches its Crossref record; 12 of the 12 references it cites were found in a registry or an index; none of the 18 sources its claims cite is checked for support yet.
Qualitative data analysis: the framework approach
Open accessAbstract
Qualitative methods are invaluable for exploring the complexities of health care and patient experiences in particular. Diverse qualitative methods are available that incorporate different ontological and epistemological perspectives. One method of data management that is gaining in popularity among healthcare researchers is the framework approach. We will outline this approach, discuss its relative merits and provide a working example of its application to data management and analysis.
Overview
AI snapshot
Written from the paper’s full text.
TL;DR
This methodological article outlines the framework approach to qualitative data analysis and illustrates its application using a doctoral study of parents managing a child’s hydrocephalus and shunt. It argues that the framework approach offers a transparent, systematic, interconnected set of stages that can enhance rigour in healthcare qualitative research.
Key findings
- The framework approach is presented as particularly suited to cross-sectional descriptive data and to making researchers’ interpretations of participants’ experiences transparent, with interconnected stages that guide analysis from data management to descriptive and explanatory accounts.
- In the worked example, the coding matrix was developed from four family interview transcripts, and the analysis produced three core concepts: uncertainty, becoming an expert, and living a normal life.
- Parents’ lack of control over preventing shunt malfunction positioned them in the typology described as overwhelming uncertainty, one of four possible typologies from Penrod (2007): overwhelming uncertainty, role uncertainty, pervasive uncertainty, and minimal uncertainty.
- The authors report that the framework approach helped retain links between original data and findings, supported case-based and theme-based analysis, and enabled tracking of analytical decisions.
Methods
- Design: Methodological overview and worked example of the framework approach, drawing on a doctoral study by one author (JS) investigating parents’ management of their child’s hydrocephalus and shunt.
- Data/sample: In-depth face-to-face interviews with parents, conducted individually or jointly, using an interview topic guide; interviews were transcribed verbatim. The initial coding matrix was developed from four family interview transcripts selected to represent a range of experiences, including one family whose older child had no shunt problems.
- Analysis: Applied the framework approach described by Ritchie and Lewis (2003), involving familiarisation, in-vivo coding, category and theme development, a coding index, NVivo-assisted data management, refinement of themes, development of abstract concepts, and explanatory accounts linked to existing literature and theory.
Limitations
- The paper does not present a formal limitations section. It states that novice researchers may underestimate the time required for early analytical stages, that part-time students can find it difficult to re-engage with data after time away, and that software and training costs for the National Centre for Social Research package need to be factored into funding applications.
- Evident from the text: the worked example comes from a single doctoral study, and the initial coding matrix used only four family interview transcripts; the total sample size and participant characteristics are not reported.
- Evident from the text: the article offers a methodological illustration rather than an empirical comparison or formal evaluation of the framework approach against other qualitative analysis methods.
Model-written summary. Check it against the paper before relying on it.
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Claims the paper makes
15 Not checked yet · 7 Own interpretation · 7 No basis given · 2 Own method · 2 Own result
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Parents' accounts of living with their child with hydrocephalus suggest the constantly vigilance in observing their child for illness symptoms because of the unpredictable nature of shunt malfunction is relentless.”
hedgeddirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Rests on an assumption: Shunts, the main treatment for hydrocephalus, are prone to malfunctioning, which for some children can be life threatening.
- Rests on an assumption: Detecting shunt failure is not straightforward because the signs and symptoms are variable, subtle and often idiosyncratic to the individual child.
- Rests on an assumption: Common symptoms such as headache, vomiting, and drowsiness are similar presenting symptoms of many childhood illnesses, particularly viral infections.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Through the application of the framework approach three core concepts were developed that appeared to reflect parents' accounts of living with a child with hydrocephalus.”
hedgeddirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Rests on an assumption: Shunts, the main treatment for hydrocephalus, are prone to malfunctioning, which for some children can be life threatening.
- Rests on an assumption: Detecting shunt failure is not straightforward because the signs and symptoms are variable, subtle and often idiosyncratic to the individual child.
- Rests on an assumption: Common symptoms such as headache, vomiting, and drowsiness are similar presenting symptoms of many childhood illnesses, particularly viral infections.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The principles of the framework approach can be used to undertake qualitative data analysis systematically.”
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Rests on an assumption: The interconnected stages within the framework approach explicitly describe the processes that guide the systematic analysis of data from the development of descriptive to explanatory accounts.
In the paper
“Second, one of the advantages of the framework approach is that researchers' interpretations of participants' experiences are transparent (Ritchie and Lewis 2003).”
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Ritchie and Lewis 2003
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“This may explain the reason parents' accounts of living with their child with hydrocephalus were dominated by the possibility that their child's shunt could malfunction at any time.”
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Rests on an assumption: Shunts, the main treatment for hydrocephalus, are prone to malfunctioning, which for some children can be life threatening.
- Rests on an assumption: Detecting shunt failure is not straightforward because the signs and symptoms are variable, subtle and often idiosyncratic to the individual child.
- Rests on an assumption: Common symptoms such as headache, vomiting, and drowsiness are similar presenting symptoms of many childhood illnesses, particularly viral infections.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Parents' lack of control in relation to preventing shunt function positioned them in the typology described as overwhelming uncertainty.”
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Rests on an assumption: Shunts, the main treatment for hydrocephalus, are prone to malfunctioning, which for some children can be life threatening.
- Rests on an assumption: Detecting shunt failure is not straightforward because the signs and symptoms are variable, subtle and often idiosyncratic to the individual child.
- Rests on an assumption: Common symptoms such as headache, vomiting, and drowsiness are similar presenting symptoms of many childhood illnesses, particularly viral infections.
In the paper
“First, the framework approach is particularly suited to the analysis of crosssectional descriptive data enabling different aspects of the phenomena under investigation to be captured (Ritchie and Lewis 2003).”
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Ritchie and Lewis 2003
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“However, analytical frameworks such as thematic networks and the framework approach appear to have a greater emphasis on making the process of data analysis transparent and illustrating the linkage between the stages of the analysis (Pope et al 2000, Ritchie and Lewis 2003, Braun and Clark 2006).”
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Pope et al 2000
- Not checked yetcites Ritchie and Lewis 2003
- Not checked yetcites Braun and Clark 2006
hedgedcorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- It may state two separate claims as one. 9
- Probably not a substantial claim. 22
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The other core concepts were becoming an expert and living a normal life.”
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Retuning to data analysis after a time-out period and reading all the transcripts again to consider the phenomena as a whole resulted in the process of data analysis becoming much more meaningful.”
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Data management using the coding retrieval and search facilities within NVivo ® was the first stage of more in-depth analysis because it facilitated preliminary thoughts to emerge across cases and develop linkages between categories and initial themes, while retaining links to the original data.”
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Although our enthusiasm remained throughout, we grossly underestimated the time required to undertake the early the stages of the analysis.”
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The first challenge related to the process of attaching labels to preliminary codes which were initially abstract in nature and did not fully represent the extracts from which they were derived.”
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Asking the question 'what are participants really trying to describe?' when considering sections of the data and using participants own words whenever possible assisted with ensuring the process of labelling the data reflected participants' accounts.”
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Forward and backward movement between the data as a whole, individual participant accounts and cross linkage with initial categories resulted in the emergence of the final categories and the development of the final conceptual framework that describes parents' accounts.”
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Our experiences of undertaking qualitative data analysis share similarities with the experiences of other novice qualitative researchers (Li and Seale 2007).”
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Li and Seale 2007
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Analytical frameworks such as the framework approach (Ritchie and Lewis 2003) and thematic networks (Attride-Stirling 2001) are gaining popularity because they systematically and explicitly apply the principles of undertaking qualitative analysis to a series of interconnected stages that guide the process.”
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Ritchie and Lewis 2003
- Not checked yetcites Attride-Stirling 2001
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Rests on an assumption: The framework approach is gaining popularity among healthcare researchers as a means of analysing qualitative data derived from healthcare research.
In the paper
“This enables the researcher to explore data in depth while simultaneously maintaining an effective and transparent audit trail, enhancing the rigour of the analytical processes (Ritchie and Lewis 2003).”
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Ritchie and Lewis 2003
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Published qualitative research often lacks transparency in relation to the analytical processes employed, which hinders the ability of the reader to critically appraise the study's findings (Maggs-Rapport 2001).”
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Maggs-Rapport 2001
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“The package can be used to summarise data into a series of matrices from which it is possible to conduct case based and thematic analysis (www.natcen.ac.uk).”
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites www.natcen.ac.uk
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“We have found the framework approach a valuable tool for data analysis in qualitative healthcare research.”
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Rests on an assumption: Ensuring data analysis is explicitly described enhances the credibility of the findings.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In our separate studies we valued working with experienced researchers who were willing to challenge assumptions and decisions at each stage of the analysis, adding to the rigour of the research.”
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“This iterative process resonates with the central tenant of the framework approach that the interconnected stages are not linear, but a scaffold that guides the analysis (Ritchie and Lewis 2003).”
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Ritchie and Lewis 2003
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“This adds to the rigour of the research process and enhances the validity of the findings.”
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The coding matrix and transcripts from which it was derived were reviewed by two experienced researchers as part of the ongoing measures taken to ensure the rigour of the study.”
plainn = 4- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
In the paper
“However, thematic analysis has been criticised for lacking depth, fragmenting the phenomena being studied, being subjective and lacking transparency in relation to the development of themes, which can result in difficulties when judging the rigour of the findings (Attride-Stirling 2001).”
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Attride-Stirling 2001
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“A crucial element within qualitative analysis is the critical thinking that occurs in relation to how participants' descriptions are coded, links between codes and categories, and links between categories and themes (Ritchie and Lewis 2003).”
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Ritchie and Lewis 2003
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
In the paper
“Thematic analysis can provide rich and insightful understandings of complex phenomena, be applied across a range of theoretical and epistemological approaches, and expand on or test existing theory (Braun and Clark 2006).”
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Braun and Clark 2006
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Central to the analytical processes within the framework approach is a series of interconnected stages that enables the researcher to move back and forth across the data until a coherent account emerges (Ritchie and Lewis 2003).”
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Ritchie and Lewis 2003
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
In the paper
“In-vivo codes are advocated within the framework approach as a means of staying 'true' to the data (Ritchie and Lewis 2003).”
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Ritchie and Lewis 2003
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The process enables the researcher to track decisions which ensures links between the original data and findings are maintained and transparent.”
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“For researchers engaging with qualitative research for the first time, it provides an effective route map for the journey and facilities both a case and theme based approach to data analysis.”
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Four possible typologies that reflect an individuals' perception of their level of confidence and control when faced with uncertainty have been identified as; overwhelming uncertainty, role uncertainty, pervasive uncertainty, minimal uncertainty (Penrod 2007).”
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Penrod 2007
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
The paper relies on this without support.
The framework approach is gaining popularity among healthcare researchers as a means of analysing qualitative data derived from healthcare research.
“One method of data analysis that appears to be gaining popularity among healthcare researchers is the framework approach.”
“More recently, the framework approach appears to be gaining popularity as a means of analysing qualitative data derived from healthcare research.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Ensuring data analysis is explicitly described enhances the credibility of the findings.
“Ensuring data analysis is explicitly described enhances the credibility of the findings.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Qualitative approaches are appropriate for exploring the complexities of health and well-being and can facilitate a deep understanding of the patient experience.
“Qualitative approaches are appropriate for exploring the complexities of health and well-being and can facilitate a deep understanding of the patient experience.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Shunts, the main treatment for hydrocephalus, are prone to malfunctioning, which for some children can be life threatening.
“Shunts, the main treatment for hydrocephalus, are problematic in that they are prone to malfunctioning which for some children can be life threatening.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Detecting shunt failure is not straightforward because the signs and symptoms are variable, subtle and often idiosyncratic to the individual child.
“Detecting shunt failure is not straightforward because the signs and symptoms are variable, subtle and often idiosyncratic to the individual child.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Common symptoms such as headache, vomiting, and drowsiness are similar presenting symptoms of many childhood illnesses, particularly viral infections.
“Common symptoms such as headache, vomiting, and drowsiness are similar presenting symptoms of many childhood illnesses, particularly viral infections.”
The paper relies on this without support.
The framework approach has many similarities to thematic analysis, particularly in the initial stages when recurring and significant themes are identified.
“The framework approach has many similarities to thematic analysis, particularly in the initial stages when recurring and significant themes are identified.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Remaining true to participants' descriptions is a fundamental principle within the framework approach and central when developing more abstract concepts.
“Remaining true to participants' descriptions is a fundamental principle within the framework approach and central when developing more abstract concepts.”
The paper relies on this without support.
The interconnected stages within the framework approach explicitly describe the processes that guide the systematic analysis of data from the development of descriptive to explanatory accounts.
“The interconnected stages within the framework approach explicitly describe the processes that guide the systematic analysis of data from the development of descriptive to explanatory accounts.”
The paper relies on this without support.
The early stages of qualitative data analysis are essential if the findings are to be credible.
“Yet these stages are essential if the findings are to be credible.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Detailed published examples describing the stages of data analysis have the potential to assist the novice researcher to develop the skills required to undertake qualitative data analysis.
“In addition detailed published examples describing the stages of the data analysis have the potential to assist the novice researcher to develop the skills required to undertake qualitative data analysis.”
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Two coders will independently code the transcripts and meet to resolve discrepancies. A qualitative expert will conduct a framework matrix analysis [62] to identify the most effective ways to organize the content and logistics of conducting the trial to help guide our trial protocol [62, 63].”
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
Each contradiction between two passages listed here was confirmed by an independent check.
Rated minor: it would not touch a result — a value no result rests on, a p-value that stays on the same side of the significance level, or a conflict that is clerical, resolved elsewhere in the paper, or outside its own findings.
In the paper
§ Original Citation · p. 1
“Smith, Joanna and Firth, Jill (2011) Qualitative data analysis: the framework approach. Nurse Researcher, 18 (2). pp. 52-62.”
§ Original Citation · p. 2
“Smith, J., Firth, J. (2011) Qualitative data analysis: application of the framework approach. Nurse Researcher, 18 (2): 52-62”
Citations
Cites
Using thematic analysis in psychology
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006) · Qualitative Research in Psychology · doi:10.1191/1478088706qp063oa · Cited by 194,414
Qualitative research in health care: Analysing qualitative data
Pope, C. (2000) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.320.7227.114 · Cited by 8,131
Thematic networks: an analytic tool for qualitative research
Attride-Stirling, J. (2001) · Qualitative Research · doi:10.1177/146879410100100307 · Cited by 5,506
Qualitative research: analysis types and software tools
Tesch, R. (1990) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 3,243
Readme First for a User's Guide to Qualitative Methods
Richards, L., & Morse, J. M. (2013) · Sage eBooks · doi:10.4135/9781071909898 · Cited by 3,007
Qualitative research: Analysis types and software tools
Beaudry, J. S. (1991) · Evaluation Practice · doi:10.1016/0886-1633(91)90027-u · Cited by 1,946
Seale, C. F., Gobo, G., Gubrium, J. F., & Silverman, D. (2004) · SAGE Publications Ltd eBooks · doi:10.4135/9781848608191 · Cited by 1,064
‘Best research practice’: in pursuit of methodological rigour
Rapport, F. (2001) · Journal of Advanced Nursing · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2648.2001.01853.x · Cited by 187
Living with uncertainty: concept advancement
Penrod, J. (2007) · Journal of Advanced Nursing · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2648.2006.04008.x · Cited by 127
Supporting people with long-term conditions
Porter, B. (2005) · British Journal of Nursing · doi:10.12968/bjon.2005.14.3.17515 · Cited by 90
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- Morse JM, Richards L (2002) Read me first for a users guide to qualitative methods. Sage Publications, London
- Pope C, Ziebland S, Mays N (2000) Qualitative research in healthcare: analysing qualitative data. British Medical Journal 320: 114 - 116
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Items 301–400 of 1,000
Dietary intervention for people with mental illness in South Australia
Bogomolova, S., Zarnowiecki, D. M., Wilson, A. L., Fielder, A. L., Procter, N. G., Itsiopoulos, C., O’Dea, K., Strachan, J., Ballestrin, M., Champion, A., et al. (2016) · Health Promotion International · doi:10.1093/heapro/daw055 · Cited by 24
Dong, D., Jiang, W., Long, Q., Huang, F., Zhang, H., Chen, J., Li, X., Li, Q., Tang, S., & Lucas, H. (2019) · Infectious Diseases of Poverty · doi:10.1186/s40249-019-0559-z · Cited by 18
Keynejad, R. C., Fenta, T. B., Sorsdahl, K. R., MYERS, B. J., Honikman, S., Medhin, G., Deyessa, N., Sevdalis, N., Tol, W. A., Howard, L. M., et al. (2020) · Trials · doi:10.1186/s13063-020-04331-0 · Cited by 20
Tonna, A. P., Weidmann, A. E., Sneddon, J., & Stewart, D. C. (2020) · International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy · doi:10.1007/s11096-020-01042-z · Cited by 18
‘The body says it’: the difficulty of measuring and communicating sensations of breathlessness
Malpass, A., McGuire, C. A., & Macnaughton, J. (2021) · Medical Humanities · doi:10.1136/medhum-2019-011816 · Cited by 18
Skincare in Social Media: Analyzing Prominent Themes in Online Dermatologic Discussions
Reddy, A. (2021) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.14890 · Cited by 18
Singleton, A. C., Raeside, R., Partridge, S. R., Tat-Ko, J., Sum, S. C. M., Hyun, K. K., Hayes, M., Chow, C. K., Thiagalingam, A., Maka, K., et al. (2021) · Journal of Cancer Survivorship · doi:10.1007/s11764-021-01106-7 · Cited by 18
Gashu, K., & Gebre‐Egziabher, T. (2019) · Urban Ecosystems · doi:10.1007/s11252-019-00852-y · Cited by 18
Peer review of cancer multidisciplinary teams: is it acceptable in Australia?
Slavova‐Azmanova, N., Johnson, C. E., Platell, C. F. E., Bydder, S. A., & Saunders, C. M. (2015) · The Medical Journal of Australia · doi:10.5694/mja14.00768 · Cited by 18
Dema, E., Copas, A. J., Clifton, S., Conolly, A., Blake, M., Riddell, J., Pérez, R. B., Tanton, C., Bonell, C. P., Sonnenberg, P., et al. (2021) · Wellcome Open Research · doi:10.12688/wellcomeopenres.16963.1 · Cited by 17
Offomiyor, F. A., & Rehal, S. S. (2022) · Qualitative Health Research · doi:10.1177/10497323221139105 · Cited by 17
Williams, T., Vo, H., Bourne, M., Bourne, P., Kirkham, R., Masterton, G. G. T., Paolo Quattrone, A., & Toczycka, C. (2023) · Production Planning & Control · doi:10.1080/09537287.2023.2256287 · Cited by 17
African American women's perspectives on ‘down low/DL’ men: implications for HIV prevention
Goparaju, L., & Warren-Jeanpiere, L. (2012) · Culture Health & Sexuality · doi:10.1080/13691058.2012.703328 · Cited by 17
Oulton, K., Sell, D. A., & Gibson, F. (2018) · Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities · doi:10.1111/jar.12433 · Cited by 17
Perspectives on privacy in the pharmacy: The views of opioid substitution treatment clients
Le, P.-P., & Braunack‐Mayer, A. (2019) · Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy · doi:10.1016/j.sapharm.2019.02.003 · Cited by 17
Chazan, L. F., Fortes, S., de Camargo, K. R., & de Freitas, G. C. (2019) · Physis Revista de Saúde Coletiva · doi:10.1590/s0103-73312019290212 · Cited by 17
Issues and challenges of knowledge management in online open source hardware communities
Dai, J. X., Boujut, J.-F., Pourroy, F., & Marin, P. (2020) · Design Science · doi:10.1017/dsj.2020.18 · Cited by 19
Marshall, E. G., Boudreau, M., Jensen, J. L., Edgecombe, N., Clarke, B., Burge, F., Archibald, G., Taylor, A., & Andrew, M. K. (2013) · JMIR Research Protocols · doi:10.2196/resprot.2915 · Cited by 17
Magalhães‐Sant’Ana, M., More, S. J., Morton, D. B., & Hanlon, A. J. (2017) · Irish Veterinary Journal · doi:10.1186/s13620-017-0102-0 · Cited by 17
Coad, J. E., Smith, J., Pontin, D., & Gibson, F. (2018) · Journal of Pediatric Oncology Nursing · doi:10.1177/1043454218765136 · Cited by 17
Self-citationLangley, T. E., Bell-Williams, R., Pattinson, J., Britton, J. R., & Bains, M. (2019) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph16132341 · Cited by 17
User Preference and Categories for Error Responses in Conversational User Interfaces
Yuan, S., Brüggemeier, B., Hillmann, S., & Michael, T. (2020) · Proceedings of the 2nd Conference on Conversational User Interfaces · doi:10.1145/3405755.3406126 · Cited by 16
Alsairafi, Z. K., Waheedi, M., & Alsaleh, F. M. (2019) · Patient Preference and Adherence · doi:10.2147/ppa.s218068 · Cited by 17
Rationing bytes: managing demand for digital forensic examinations
Rappert, B., Wheat, H. C., & Wilson‐Kovacs, D. M. (2020) · Policing & Society · doi:10.1080/10439463.2020.1788026 · Cited by 16
Holloway, M., & Norman, A. (2022) · The Journal of Adult Protection · doi:10.1108/jap-10-2021-0036 · Cited by 16
Patient aggression in intensive care: A qualitative study of staff experiences
Patterson, S., Flaws, D., Latu, J., Doo, I., & Tronstad, O. (2022) · Australian Critical Care · doi:10.1016/j.aucc.2022.02.006 · Cited by 16
van der Merwe, N., Ramesar, R., & de Vries, J. (2022) · Frontiers in Genetics · doi:10.3389/fgene.2022.864822 · Cited by 16
Skamagki, G., Carpenter, C., King, A., & Wåhlin, C. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph19159348 · Cited by 16
Sharma, S. R., Matheson, A., Lambrick, D., Faulkner, J., Lounsbury, D. W., Vaidya, A., & Page, R. (2023) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0281355 · Cited by 16
Olin, K., Klinga, C., Ekstedt, M., & Härenstam, K. P. (2023) · BMC Health Services Research · doi:10.1186/s12913-023-09674-3 · Cited by 16
Weber, F., Kloek, C. J. J., Arntz, A. R., Grüneberg, C., & Veenhof, C. (2023) · JMIR Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies · doi:10.2196/43813 · Cited by 17
The rights and responsibilities of citizenship for service users: some terms and conditions apply
Hamer, H. P., & Finlayson, M. L. (2015) · Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing · doi:10.1111/jpm.12258 · Cited by 16
Lloyd-Sherlock, P. G., Penhale, B., & Redondo, N. (2018) · The Gerontologist · doi:10.1093/geront/gny014 · Cited by 16
Roberts, E., Hillyard, M., Hotopf, M. H., Parkin, S., & Drummond, C. (2020) · BJPsych Open · doi:10.1192/bjo.2020.80 · Cited by 16
Shen, H., van der Kleij, R., van der Boog, P. J. M., Wang, W., Song, X., Li, Z., Lou, X., & Chavannes, N. H. (2021) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-044059 · Cited by 16
Herrmann, A., Holler, E., Edinger, M., Eickmann, S., & Wolff, D. (2021) · BMC Health Services Research · doi:10.1186/s12913-021-06632-9 · Cited by 16
Chen, A., Väyrynen, K., Leskelä, R., Heinonen, S. T., Lillrank, P. M., Tekay, A., & Torkki, P. M. (2021) · BMC Health Services Research · doi:10.1186/s12913-021-06658-z · Cited by 16
Civil engineering students’ perceptions of emergency remote teaching: a case study in New Zealand
Guo, B. H. W., Milke, M. W., & Jin, R. (2022) · European Journal of Engineering Education · doi:10.1080/03043797.2022.2031896 · Cited by 16
A qualitative study of work-life balance amongst specialist orthodontists in the United Kingdom
Bateman, L. E., Collins, J. M., & Cunningham, S. J. (2016) · Journal of Orthodontics · doi:10.1080/14653125.2016.1229846 · Cited by 16
Determinants of the sustained employment of physician assistants in hospitals: a qualitative study
Timmermans, M. J. C., van Vught, A., Maassen, I., Draaijer, L., Hoofwijk, A. G. M., Spanier, M., van Unen, W. H., Wensing, M., & Laurant, M. G. H. (2016) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2016-011949 · Cited by 16
Redley, B., & Waugh, R. D. (2017) · Applied Nursing Research · doi:10.1016/j.apnr.2017.12.013 · Cited by 16
James, P., Wardle, J., Steel, A., & Adams, J. (2020) · Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice · doi:10.1016/j.ctcp.2020.101127 · Cited by 16
Ciobanu, E., & Preston, N. J. (2021) · Palliative Medicine · doi:10.1177/02692163211000238 · Cited by 16
van Midde, M., Hesse, I., van der Heijden, G. J. M. G., Duijster, D., van Elteren, M., Kroesen, M., Agyemang, C. O., & Beune, E. (2020) · Community Dentistry And Oral Epidemiology · doi:10.1111/cdoe.12605 · Cited by 15
O’Donnell, D., O’Donoghue, G., Shé, É. N., O’Shea, M., & Donnelly, S. (2022) · Journal of Interprofessional Care · doi:10.1080/13561820.2022.2075332 · Cited by 15
D’Evelyn, S. M., Wood, L. M., Desautel, C., Errett, N. A., Ray, K., Spector, J. T., & Alvarado, E. (2023) · Environmental Research Health · doi:10.1088/2752-5309/acdbe3 · Cited by 15
Price, A., Smith, J. R., Mughal, F., Salimi, A., Meléndez‐Torres, G. J., & Newlove‐Delgado, T. (2023) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2022-068184 · Cited by 15
Self-citationKinnear, A., Siegel, J., Masson, P. C., & Bodell, L. P. (2023) · Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1186/s40337-023-00854-4 · Cited by 9
Building climate resilience: A qualitative exploration of disaster preparedness in nursing education
Ghimire, A., & Ghimire, P. (2025) · Nurse Education Today · doi:10.1016/j.nedt.2025.106791 · Cited by 15
Jallow, I. K., Britton, J. R., & Langley, T. E. (2019) · Nicotine & Tobacco Research · doi:10.1093/ntr/ntz003 · Cited by 15
D'Souza, N., Catley, B., Tappin, D., & Forsyth, D. K. (2019) · Journal of Management & Organization · doi:10.1017/jmo.2019.71 · Cited by 17
Langdon, K. J., Ramsey, S. E., Scherzer, C. R., Carey, K. B., Ranney, M. L., & Rich, J. D. (2020) · Addiction Science & Clinical Practice · doi:10.1186/s13722-020-00189-4 · Cited by 15
Babatunde, G. B., van Rensburg, A. J., Bhana, A., & Petersen, I. (2020) · International Journal of Mental Health Systems · doi:10.1186/s13033-020-00406-2 · Cited by 21
Community aquatic therapy for Parkinson’s disease: an international qualitative study
Carroll, L. M., Morris, M. E., O'Connor, W. T., & Clifford, A. M. (2021) · Disability and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1080/09638288.2021.1906959 · Cited by 15
Salehin, I., Talha, I. M., Moon, N. N., Saifuzzaman, M., Nur, F. N., & Akter, M. (2020) · Proceeding of International Conference on Sustainable Engineering and Creative Computing · doi:10.1109/icsecc51444.2020.9557394 · Cited by 15
Transnational linkages, power relations and the migration–development nexus: China and its diaspora
Tan, Y. L., Liu, X., & Rosser, A. (2021) · Asia Pacific Viewpoint · doi:10.1111/apv.12323 · Cited by 15
Lambert, K., Potter, J., Lonergan, M., Tapsell, L. C., & Charlton, K. E. (2015) · Nutrition & Dietetics · doi:10.1111/1747-0080.12152 · Cited by 15
Exploring senior nurses’ experiences of leading organizational change
Boyal, A., & Hewison, A. (2016) · Leadership in health services · doi:10.1108/lhs-03-2015-0005 · Cited by 15
Mills, P. R., Weidmann, A. E., & Stewart, D. C. (2017) · International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy · doi:10.1007/s11096-017-0543-2 · Cited by 15
Batista, K. B. D. S. L., de Lima, T. A., Palomares, N. B., Carvalho, F. D. A. R., Quintão, C. C. A., Miguel, J. A. M., Lin, Y., Su, T., & O'Brien, K. D. (2017) · Trials · doi:10.1186/s13063-017-2297-5 · Cited by 15
Manyeh, A. K., Ibisomi, L., Baiden, F., Chirwa, T. F., & Ramaswamy, R. (2019) · PLoS neglected tropical diseases · doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0007267 · Cited by 15
Horseman, Z., Milton, L., & Finucane, A. (2019) · British Journal of Community Nursing · doi:10.12968/bjcn.2019.24.6.284 · Cited by 15
Gallagher, R. D., Parker, H. M., Zhang, L., Kirkness, A., Roach, K., Belshaw, J., Glinatsis, H., Gallagher, P., & Neubeck, L. (2019) · Heart Lung and Circulation · doi:10.1016/j.hlc.2019.05.178 · Cited by 15
Barrett, E., Denieffe, S., Bergin, M., & Gooney, M. (2016) · Journal of Clinical Nursing · doi:10.1111/jocn.13439 · Cited by 15
Dube, E., & Mhembwe, S. (2019) · International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction · doi:10.1016/j.ijdrr.2019.101281 · Cited by 14
Pawsitive Connections: The role of Pet Support Programs and pets on the elderly
Cryer, S., Henderson‐Wilson, C., & Lawson, J. T. (2020) · Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice · doi:10.1016/j.ctcp.2020.101298 · Cited by 18
Nayak, P., Mahmood, A., Senthil Kumaran, D., Natarajan, M., Unnikrishnan, B., & Solomon, J. M. (2021) · Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies · doi:10.1016/j.jbmt.2021.07.004 · Cited by 14
Leisure Possibilities of Adults Experiencing Poverty: A Community-Based Participatory Study
Cantor, P., Polakowska, M., Proietti, A., Tran, V., Lebire, J., & Roy, L. (2022) · Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy · doi:10.1177/00084174211073266 · Cited by 14
Iglesias-Ríos, L., Valentín‐Cortés, M., Fleming, P. J., O’Neill, M. S., & Handal, A. J. (2023) · Labor Studies Journal · doi:10.1177/0160449x231196227 · Cited by 14
Society in the Digital Era: Adaptation, Change, and Response to Communication Technology
Ganiem, L. M., Setiawati, R., Suardi, S., Nurhayai, N., & Ramdhani, R. (2024) · Journal International Dakwah and Communication · doi:10.55849/jidc.v4i1.639 · Cited by 14
Experiences of women farmworkers in Michigan: Perspectives from the Michigan Farmworker Project
Handal, A. J., Iglesias-Ríos, L., Valentín‐Cortés, M., & O’Neill, M. S. (2025) · American Journal of Community Psychology · doi:10.1002/ajcp.12792 · Cited by 15
Experiences of men with psychosis participating in a community-based football programme
Moloney, L., & Rohde, D. (2017) · Irish Journal of Occupational Therapy · doi:10.1108/ijot-06-2017-0015 · Cited by 14
Raymundo, G., Smith‐Merry, J., & McNab, J. (2020) · Health Promotion Journal of Australia · doi:10.1002/hpja.408 · Cited by 14
Odwe, G., Ndwiga, C., Okondo, C., Sripad, P., Abuya, T., & Warren, C. (2020) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0240852 · Cited by 14
Patel, H., Damush, T. M., Miech, E. J., Rattray, N. A., Martin, H., Savoy, A., Plue, L. D., Anderson, J. E., Martini, S. R., Graham, G. D., et al. (2021) · BMC Health Services Research · doi:10.1186/s12913-021-06123-x · Cited by 14
McKevitt, S., Jinks, C., Healey, E. L., & Quicke, J. G. (2021) · Musculoskeletal Care · doi:10.1002/msc.1579 · Cited by 15
Nalder, E. J., Clark, A. J., Anderson, N. D., & DAWSON, D. R. (2015) · Neuropsychological Rehabilitation · doi:10.1080/09602011.2015.1067628 · Cited by 14
Johnson, A. M., Khan, S., Sayal, R., Knowles, S. R., Gomes, T., & Moore, J. E. (2016) · The Aging Male · doi:10.3109/13685538.2016.1150994 · Cited by 14
Mockford, C., Seers, K., Murray, M., Oyebode, J. R., Clarke, R., Staniszewska, S. H., Suleman, R., Boex, S., Diment, Y., Grant, R., et al. (2016) · Health Expectations · doi:10.1111/hex.12477 · Cited by 17
Dymitrow, M., & Brauer, R. (2017) · Bulletin of Geography Socio-economic series · doi:10.1515/bog-2017-0032 · Cited by 15
Social networking as a strategic tool in the management of school-based violence
Eke, C. I., & Singh, S. (2018) · South African Journal of Education · doi:10.15700/saje.v38n1a1320 · Cited by 14
Perceptions of parents of children with hearing loss of genetic origin in South Africa
Gardiner, S. A., Laing, N., Mall, S., & Wonkam, A. (2018) · Journal of Community Genetics · doi:10.1007/s12687-018-0396-y · Cited by 14
Student feedback experiences in a cross-border medical education curriculum
Wilbur, K., Bensmail, N., & Ahkter, S. (2019) · International Journal of Medical Education · doi:10.5116/ijme.5ce1.149f · Cited by 14
Gamondi, C., Pott, M., Preston, N. J., & Payne, S. A. (2019) · Journal of Palliative Medicine · doi:10.1089/jpm.2019.0286 · Cited by 14
Singh, K. N., Sendall, M. C., Gurung, A., & Crane, P. (2020) · Health Promotion Journal of Australia · doi:10.1002/hpja.397 · Cited by 14
Aghvinian, M. N., Santoro, A. F., Gouse, H., Joska, J. A., Linda, T., Thomas, K. G. F., & Robbins, R. N. (2020) · Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology · doi:10.1093/arclin/acaa115 · Cited by 14
Diffusion of Palliative Care in Nursing Homes: Lessons From the Culture Change Movement
Tyler, D., Shield, R. R., & Miller, S. C. (2014) · Journal of Pain and Symptom Management · doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2014.10.005 · Cited by 14
When the Watchers Are Watched: An Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis of Body-Worn Cameras
Makin, D. A. (2016) · doi:10.21428/88de04a1.6f823c02 · Cited by 14
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Oulton, K., Wray, J., Kelly, P., Khair, K., Sell, D. A., & Gibson, F. (2021) · Journal of Clinical Nursing · doi:10.1111/jocn.15867 · Cited by 13
Harris, J., Carins, J., & Rundle-Thiele, S. R. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph182111270 · Cited by 13
Singh, K. N., Sendall, M. C., & Crane, P. (2022) · Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities · doi:10.1007/s40615-022-01336-0 · Cited by 15
Taylor, C. M., & Foster, J. P. (2022) · Journal of Pediatric Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.pedn.2022.07.005 · Cited by 13
The bidirectional relationship between breastfeeding and mental health
Scarborough, J., Norman, A., & Cooper, L. (2022) · British Journal of Midwifery · doi:10.12968/bjom.2022.30.10.554 · Cited by 13
Daly, M. P., Kipping, R., White, J., & Sanders, J. (2024) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2024.1303953 · Cited by 13
Peterie, M., Ramia, G., Broom, A. F., Choi, I., Brett, M., & Veazey, L. W. (2024) · Australian Journal of Social Issues · doi:10.1002/ajs4.349 · Cited by 13
Analgesic use by ageing and elderly patients with chronic non-malignant pain: a qualitative study
Kennedy, M., Cousins, G., & Henman, M. C. (2017) · International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy · doi:10.1007/s11096-017-0466-y · Cited by 13
Herrmann, A., Hall, A. E., & Zdenkowski, N. (2018) · Asia-Pacific Journal of Oncology Nursing · doi:10.4103/apjon.apjon_60_17 · Cited by 13
Smith, J. A., Bullot, M., Kerr, V., Yibarbuk, D., Olcay, M., & Shalley, F. (2018) · Rural Society · doi:10.1080/10371656.2018.1477533 · Cited by 13
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Metadata
- Authors
- Smith, J., & Firth, J.
- Affiliations
- University of Salford (GB)
- University of Leeds (GB)
- ORCID
- Smith, Joanna
- Venue
- Nurse Researcher
- Publisher
- RCNi
- Published
- 2011-01-21
- Volume
- 18
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 52-62
- ISSN
- 1351-5578 (ISSN-L)
- 2047-8992
- OpenAlex
- W1974294929
- Semantic Scholar
- 49d6f2a41acfc52afa287fb9ba9473a6b7decaea
- Cited by
- 1,206
- References
- 12
- Citations by year
- 2026: 61 · 2025: 75 · 2024: 107 · 2023: 117 · 2022: 102 · 2021: 142 · 2020: 138 · 2019: 85 · 2018: 89 · 2017: 82 · 2016: 61 · 2015: 67 · 2014: 41 · 2013: 26 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 120.44
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- usir.salford.ac.uk
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Nurse Researcher (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- University of Huddersfield Repository (University of Huddersfield) (acceptedVersion)
- University of Salford Institutional Repository (University of Salford) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Education › Qualitative Research Methods and Applications
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Qualitative Research Methods and Ethics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Data Analysis and Archiving
- Keywords
- framework approach, qualitative data analysis, data management, health care research, patient experience
- MeSH terms
- Humans, Patients, Qualitative Research
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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