The DOI matches its Crossref record; 9 of the 9 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Novel Use of Apple Watch 4 to Obtain 3-Lead Electrocardiogram and Detect Cardiac Ischemia
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: Early recognition and treatment of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) results in better outcomes. OBJECTIVES: To describe a novel technique using the Apple Watch 4 (Apple Inc, Cupertino, CA) to obtain a 3-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) and confirm the watch's feasibility to detect cardiac ischemia in selective cases with a particular injury pattern. METHODS: Two male patients in the Emergency Department had STEMI apparent on their ECGs. These findings were compared with those from the Apple Watch 4, whose positioning was adjusted for 3-lead ECG. RESULTS: The patients' real-time, watch-based, 3-lead ECG tracings matched the traditional ECGs demonstrating STEMI, confirming the potential ability of this device to uncover myocardial ischemia. In each patient, cardiac catheterization revealed severe, 100% occlusion of the right coronary artery. CONCLUSION: The Apple Watch 4 could lead to earlier detection of acute coronary artery disease, but sensitivity and specificity remain unknown.
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“Three-lead ECG tracings (as well as derived augmented limb leads) can be recorded with commercially available smartwatches (Avila 2019).8”
From 2021 ISHNE/HRS/EHRA/APHRS Expert Collaborative Statement on mHealth in Arrhythmia Management: Digital Medical Tools for Heart Rhythm Professionals: From the International Society for Holter and Noninvasive Electrocardiology/Heart Rhythm Society/European Heart Rhythm Association/Asia-Pacific Heart Rhythm Society (2021) · cites this paper as Avila 2019
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WRITING COMMITTEE MEMBERS*, O’Gara, P. T., Kushner, F. G., Ascheim, D. D., Casey, D. E., Chung, M. K., de Lemos, J. A., Ettinger, S. M., Fang, J. C., Fesmire, F. M., et al. (2013) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0b013e3182742cf6 · Cited by 4,725
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Supraventricular tachycardia diagnosed by smartphone ECG
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Crowd-Sourcing Syncope Diagnosis: Mobile Smartphone ECG Apps
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Mobile digital health devices and the diagnosis in real-time of myocardial ischaemia
Joseph, J. P., & Redwood, S. R. (2017) · QJM · doi:10.1093/qjmed/hcx046 · Cited by 2
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Cited by
Smart Wearables for Cardiac Monitoring—Real-World Use beyond Atrial Fibrillation
Duncker, D., Ding, W. Y., Etheridge, S. P., Noseworthy, P. A., Veltmann, C., Yao, X., Bunch, T. J., & Gupta, D. (2021) · Sensors · doi:10.3390/s21072539 · Cited by 140
Multichannel Electrocardiograms Obtained by a Smartwatch for the Diagnosis of ST-Segment Changes
Spaccarotella, C., Polimeni, A., Migliarino, S., Principe, E., Curcio, A., Mongiardo, A., Sorrentino, S., Rosa, S. D., & Indolfi, C. (2020) · JAMA Cardiology · doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2020.3994 · Cited by 138
Samol, A., Bischof, K., Luani, B., Pascut, D., Wiemer, M., & Kaese, S. (2019) · Sensors · doi:10.3390/s19204377 · Cited by 123
Bouzid, Z., Al‐Zaiti, S. S., Bond, R., & Sejdić, E. (2022) · Heart Rhythm · doi:10.1016/j.hrthm.2022.02.030 · Cited by 107
The Use of Wearable ECG Devices in the Clinical Setting: A Review
Kamga, P., Mostafa, R., & Zafar, S. (2022) · Current Emergency and Hospital Medicine Reports · doi:10.1007/s40138-022-00248-x · Cited by 94
Metadata
- Authors
- Avila, C. O.
- Affiliations
- University of California San Diego Medical Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Avila, Cesar O
- Venue
- The Permanente Journal
- Publisher
- The Permanente Federation
- Published
- 2019-09
- Volume
- 23
- Issue
- 3
- ISSN
- 1552-5767 (ISSN-L)
- 1552-5775
- PMC
- PMC6636475
- OpenAlex
- W2994767317
- Cited by
- 76
- References
- 9
- Citations by year
- 2025: 8 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 2
- FWCI
- 7.23
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- The Permanente Journal (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › ECG Monitoring and Analysis
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Acute Myocardial Infarction Research
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring
- Keywords
- ST-elevation myocardial infarction, wearable ECG, right coronary artery occlusion, acute coronary artery disease, emergency department diagnosis
- MeSH terms
- ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction, Wearable Electronic Devices, Aged, Electrocardiography, Humans, Male, Middle Aged
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- Avila, C. O. (2019). Novel Use of Apple Watch 4 to Obtain 3-Lead Electrocardiogram and Detect Cardiac Ischemia. The Permanente Journal. https://doi.org/10.7812/tpp/19-025
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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
