Observed Prevalence of Congenital Heart Defects From a Surveillance Study in China
Open accessAbstract
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence of major and minor congenital heart defects among fetuses and neonates using sonography in a general population of 4 areas surrounding Shanghai, China. Methods: Pregnant women were recruited between April 2004 and December 2005 in Jiaxing City, Suzhou City, Changshu County, and Haining County. All participants could have 3 sonographic examinations performed by specially trained physicians regardless of medical indication: a fetal sonographic screen and fetal echocardiography between 20 and 28 weeks' gestation and neonatal echocardiography. Diagnoses of congenital heart defects were made on the basis of review of all available scans by an international group of experts in pediatric cardiology. Prevalence rates were calculated per 1000 births. Results: Among 4006 scanned fetuses and neonates, there were 75 congenital heart defects, including 12 major defects. The observed prevalence for all congenital heart defects was 18.7 (95% confidence interval, 14.8–23.5) per 1000 births, and the prevalence for major defects was 3.0 (95% confidence interval, 1.6–5.2) per 1000 births. The most common defects were ventricular septal defects (n = 47 [62.7%]), atrial septal defects (n = 14 [18.7%]), tetralogy of Fallot (n = 4 [5.3%]), and hypoplastic left heart syndrome (n = 3 [4.0%]). Conclusions: The prevalence of all congenital heart defects in the 4 areas of China studied was higher than that reported in other countries, with ventricular septal defects being the most frequent defects. Our data likely reflect a better estimate of the total prevalence of congenital heart defects in China than reported previously.
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Two studies from China reported Tetralogy of Fallot prevalence of 5.25% and 5.3% among congenital heart defect cases.
“Another two studies from China reported 5.25% and 5.3% prevalence of TOF among CHD cases [13, 14].”
In subgroup analysis by geographic region, a surprisingly high Tetralogy of Fallot prevalence was reported across all regions of Sub-Saharan Africa, exceeding global estimates and reports from developed countries.
“In a subgroup analysis based on the geographic region, a surprisingly high prevalence was reported across all regions of Sub-Saharan Africa.”
The observed Tetralogy of Fallot prevalence in Sub-Saharan Africa is considerably higher than global estimates and reports from developed countries.
“The prevalence of Tetralogy of Fallot observed was found considerably higher compared to global estimate and reports of developed countries.”
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- Authors
- Zhang, Y., Riehle-Colarusso, T., Correa, A., Li, S., Feng, X., Gindler, J., Lin, H., Webb, C., Li, W., Trines, J., Berry, R. J., Yeung, L., Luo, Y., Jiang, M., Chen, H., Sun, X., & Li, Z.
- Affiliations
- Peking University (CN)
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (US)
- Peking University Third Hospital (CN)
- Northwestern University (US)
- Hospital for Sick Children (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Li, Zhu
- Venue
- Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2011-07
- Volume
- 30
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 989-995
- ISSN
- 0278-4297 (ISSN-L)
- 1550-9613
- PMC
- PMC4469985
- OpenAlex
- W2124912605
- Cited by
- 41
- References
- 37
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 2.17
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (CC999999)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Congenital Heart Disease Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Congenital Anomalies and Fetal Surgery
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Congenital heart defects research
- Keywords
- congenital heart disease, prevalence, fetal echocardiography, neonatal echocardiography, prenatal screening, ventricular septal defect, atrial septal defect, tetralogy of Fallot, hypoplastic left heart syndrome, China
- MeSH terms
- China, Echocardiography, Female, Heart Defects, Congenital, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Population Surveillance, Pregnancy, Prospective Studies, Prevalence, Chi-Square Distribution, Ultrasonography, Prenatal
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