The DOI matches its Crossref record.
The Validity and Practicality of Sun-Reactive Skin Types I Through VI
Abstract
The concept of sun-reactive "skin typing" was created in 19751for a specific need: to be able to classify personswith white skinin order to select the correct initial doses of ultraviolet A (UVA) (in joules per cubic centimeter) in the application of the then newly developed technique for the treatment of psoriasis—oral methoxsalen photochemotherapy (PUVA).2The need arose as a result of experience with several patients who were a "dark" phenotype (brown or even black hair, and some with brown eyes) but, to our surprise, developed severe phototoxic reactions following oral ingestion of 0.6 mg/kg of methoxsalen and then, two hours later, were exposed to 4 to 6 J/cm2. These initial doses were obviously too high, and it was then understood that the estimation of the white-skinned person's tolerance level to oral PUVA could not be based solely on the phenotype (hair and eye color).
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In the citing paper
“For human-centric computer vision models, the visual presentation of age, gender, and Fitzpatrick skin type [15] may be relevant.”
From Model Cards for Model Reporting (2019) · cites this paper as [15]
In the citing paper
“Similar to the Fitzpatrick scale,14 this variable measures sun sensitivity by assessing the skin’s tendency to burn, but the question also captures the severity of the burn.”
From Patterns of sunscreen use on the face and other exposed skin among US adults (2015) · cites this paper as [14]
In the citing paper
“The FSP scale is commonly used to describe skin pigmentation according to the skin tanning response to UVR [105,106,107].”
From Skin pigmentation influence on pulse oximetry accuracy: a systematic review and bibliometric analysis (2022) · cites this paper as [106]
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Kirillov, A., Mintun, E., Ravi, N., Mao, H., Rolland, C., Gustafson, L., Xiao, T., Whitehead, S., Berg, A. C., Lo, W.-Y., et al. (2023) · 2023 IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV) · doi:10.1109/iccv51070.2023.00371 · Cited by 11,953
“As MIAP does not contain perceived skin tone annotations, we use a proprietary dataset that contains annotations for the perceived Fitzpatrick skin type [36], which ranges from 1 (lightest skin tone) to 6 (darkest skin tone).”
MethodModel Cards for Model Reporting
Mitchell, M., Wu, S., Zaldivar, A., Barnes, P., Vasserman, L., Hutchinson, B., Spitzer, E., Raji, I. D., & Gebru, T. (2019) · Proceedings of the Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency · doi:10.1145/3287560.3287596 · Cited by 2,681
The Protective Role of Melanin Against UV Damage in Human Skin †
Brenner, M., & Hearing, V. J. (2008) · Photochemistry and Photobiology · doi:10.1111/j.1751-1097.2007.00226.x · Cited by 1,741
Melanocyte biology and skin pigmentation
Lin, J. Y., & Fisher, D. E. (2007) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature05660 · Cited by 1,379
Bio-Integrated Wearable Systems: A Comprehensive Review
Ray, T. R., Choi, J., Bandodkar, A. J., Krishnan, S., Gutruf, P., Tian, L., Ghaffari, R., & Rogers, J. A. (2019) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00573 · Cited by 1,350
Metadata
- Authors
- Fitzpatrick, T. B.
- Affiliations
- Harvard University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Fitzpatrick, Thomas B.
- Venue
- Archives of Dermatology
- Publisher
- American Medical Association (AMA)
- Published
- 1988-06-01
- Volume
- 124
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 869
- ISSN
- 0003-987X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4250928742
- Cited by
- 4,339
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 206 · 2025: 206 · 2024: 250 · 2023: 255 · 2022: 289 · 2021: 276 · 2020: 228 · 2019: 219 · 2018: 212 · 2017: 187 · 2016: 214 · 2015: 162 · 2014: 126 · 2013: 136 · 2012: 132
- FWCI
- 10.24
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Archives of Dermatology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Dermatology › Skin Protection and Aging
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › melanin and skin pigmentation
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Psoriasis: Treatment and Pathogenesis
- Keywords
- phototoxicity, PUVA, 8-methoxypsoralen, psoriasis treatment
- MeSH terms
- Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation, Erythema, Humans, Methods, Psoriasis, PUVA Therapy, Skin, Skin Pigmentation, Sunburn, Sunlight, Ultraviolet Rays
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