Cited by 2,864Eating Disorders and BehaviorsNutrition, Health and Food BehaviorSuicide and Self-Harm Studies

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 60 of the 66 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Mortality Rates in Patients With Anorexia Nervosa and Other Eating Disorders: A Meta-analysis of 36 Studies

Open access

Arcelus, Jon, Mitchell, Alex J., Wales, Jackie, Nielsen, Søren·2011·Archives of General Psychiatry

DOI 10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2011.74

Open this paper in CoChat — free account Open PDF

Abstract

CONTEXT: Morbidity and mortality rates in patients with eating disorders are thought to be high, but exact rates remain to be clarified. OBJECTIVE: To systematically compile and analyze the mortality rates in individuals with anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), and eating disorder not otherwise specified (EDNOS). DATA SOURCES: A systematic literature search, appraisal, and meta-analysis were conducted of the MEDLINE/PubMed, PsycINFO, and Embase databases and 4 full-text collections (ie, ScienceDirect, Ingenta Select, Ovid, and Wiley-Blackwell Interscience). STUDY SELECTION: English-language, peer-reviewed articles published between January 1, 1966, and September 30, 2010, that reported mortality rates in patients with eating disorders. DATA EXTRACTION: Primary data were extracted as raw numbers or confidence intervals and corrected for years of observation and sample size (ie, person-years of observation). Weighted proportion meta-analysis was used to adjust for study size using the DerSimonian-Laird model to allow for heterogeneity inclusion in the analysis. DATA SYNTHESIS: From 143 potentially relevant articles, we found 36 quantitative studies with sufficient data for extraction. The studies reported outcomes of AN during 166 642 person-years, BN during 32 798 person-years, and EDNOS during 22 644 person-years. The weighted mortality rates (ie, deaths per 1000 person-years) were 5.1 for AN, 1.7 for BN, and 3.3 for EDNOS. The standardized mortality ratios were 5.86 for AN, 1.93 for BN, and 1.92 for EDNOS. One in 5 individuals with AN who died had committed suicide. CONCLUSIONS: Individuals with eating disorders have significantly elevated mortality rates, with the highest rates occurring in those with AN. The mortality rates for BN and EDNOS are similar. The study found age at assessment to be a significant predictor of mortality for patients with AN. Further research is needed to identify predictors of mortality in patients with BN and EDNOS.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2011.74

Cites

60 of 60 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
American Psychiatric Association (2013) · doi:10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596 · Cited by 116,369
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
Williams, J. B. W., & First, M. B. (2013) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acrefore/9780199975839.013.104 · Cited by 109,845
Statistical Aspects of the Analysis of Data From Retrospective Studies of Disease
(1959) · JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute · doi:10.1093/jnci/22.4.719 · Cited by 14,689 · cited 1×
“Mantel-Haenszel pooled risk ratios were estimated, with a 2 test for heterogeneity (I(2)) used to assess between-study differences in effect.(17) Random-effects models were fitted if heterogeneity existed, and risk ratios were presented as a forest plot.”
Method
Meta-analysis: Principles and procedures
Egger, M., Smith, G. D., & Phillips, A. N. (1997) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.315.7121.1533 · Cited by 2,415
The outcome of anorexia nervosa in the 20th century
Steinhausen, H.-C. (2002) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.159.8.1284 · Cited by 1,761
Review of the prevalence and incidence of eating disorders
Hoek, H. W., & van Hoeken, D. (2003) · International Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1002/eat.10222 · Cited by 1,464
International Journal of Eating Disorders
(2006) · doi:10.1002/(issn)1098-108x · Cited by 1,147
Excess Mortality in Bipolar and Unipolar Disorder in Sweden
Ösby, U., Brandt, L., Correia, N., Ekbom, A., & Sparén, P. (2001) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.58.9.844 · Cited by 1,120
Mortality and causes of death in schizophrenia in Stockholm County, Sweden
Ösby, U., Correia, N., Brandt, L., Ekbom, A., & Sparén, P. (2000) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/s0920-9964(99)00191-7 · Cited by 679
Increased mortality in bulimia nervosa and other eating disorders.
Crow, S. J., Peterson, C. B., Swanson, S. A., Raymond, N. C., Specker, S., Eckert, E. D., & Mitchell, J. E. (2009) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2009.09020247 · Cited by 633

Show all 66 references

Research works printed but not linked: 2

Crow, 1999, Mortality from eating disorders: a 5- to 10-year record linkage study., Int J Eat Disord, 26, 97, 10.1002/(ISSN)1098-108X · DOI · Paper page
World Health Organization, 1992, International Statistical Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD-10)

Sorted by citations

Items 801–900 of 1,008

Factors that predict persistence versus non-persistence of eating disorder Symptoms: A prospective study of high-risk young women
Stice, E. M., Bohon, C., Gau, J. M., & Rohde, P. (2021) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2021.103932 · Cited by 21
Subjective Motives for Requesting In-Patient Treatment in Female with Anorexia Nervosa: A Qualitative Study
Gorse, P., Nordon, C., Rouillon, F., Pham‐Scottez, A., & Révah‐Levy, A. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0077757 · Cited by 21
Training Rejection Interpretation in Eating disordeRs (TRIER): Preliminary Findings of a Feasibility Study in Adolescents with Anorexia Nervosa
Cardi, V., Turton, R., Brazil, C., Harrison, A., Rowlands, K., Treasure, J. L., & Hirsch, C. R. (2019) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-019-10034-x · Cited by 23
World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry (WFSBP) consensus statement on candidate biomarkers for anorexia nervosa
Himmerich, H., Keeler, J. L., King, J. A., Ehrlich, S., Kaufmann, L., Bulik, C. M., Cohen‐Woods, S., Wade, T. D., Steiger, H., Booij, L., et al. (2026) · The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1080/15622975.2026.2626934 · Cited by 24
Purging disorder: a pathway to death? A review of 11 cases
Koch, S., Quadflieg, N., & Fichter, M. M. (2013) · Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia Bulimia and Obesity · doi:10.1007/s40519-013-0082-3 · Cited by 22
Flower boys and muscled men: comparing South Korean and American male body ideals using cultural domain analysis
Monocello, L. T., & Dressler, W. W. (2020) · Anthropology and Medicine · doi:10.1080/13648470.2020.1742575 · Cited by 20
Olfaction is a Marker of Severity but Not Diagnosis in Anorexia Nervosa: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Mai, Y., Zhang, X., Li, Z., Wu, X., Zeng, B., Fang, Y., Zou, L., Zhao, J., & Hummel, T. R. (2020) · Neuropsychology Review · doi:10.1007/s11065-020-09438-4 · Cited by 23
Activity-Based Anorexia Dynamically Dysregulates the Glutamatergic Synapse in the Nucleus Accumbens of Female Adolescent Rats
Mottarlini, F., Bottan, G., Tarenzi, B., Colciago, A., Fumagalli, F., & Caffino, L. (2020) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu12123661 · Cited by 20
The shifting perspectives study protocol: Cognitive remediation therapy as an adjunctive treatment to family based treatment for adolescents with anorexia nervosa
Timko, C. A., Bhattacharya, A., Fitzpatrick, K. K., Howe, H. S., Rodriguez, D., Mears, C., Heckert, K., Ubel, P. A., Ehrenreich, J. T., & Peebles, R. (2021) · Contemporary Clinical Trials · doi:10.1016/j.cct.2021.106313 · Cited by 21
The Utility of Animal Models for Studying the Metabo-Psychiatric Origins of Anorexia Nervosa
Zhang, J., & Dulawa, S. C. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2021.711181 · Cited by 21
Disordered eating as a repercussion of sexual assault: a consequence to consider
Malet-Karas, A., Bernard, D., Piet, E., & Bertin, É. (2022) · Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia Bulimia and Obesity · doi:10.1007/s40519-021-01356-5 · Cited by 20
Multi‐family therapy for eating disorders across the lifespan: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Zinser, J., O’Donnell, N., Hale, L. S., & Jones, C. J. (2022) · European Eating Disorders Review · doi:10.1002/erv.2919 · Cited by 21
“Anorexia Wants to Kill Me, Dysphoria Wants Me to Live”: Centering Transgender and Nonbinary Experiences in Eating Disorder Treatment
Cusack, C. E., Levenson, N. H., & Galupo, M. P. (2022) · Journal of LGBTQ Issues in Counseling · doi:10.1080/26924951.2022.2054492 · Cited by 22
Hospitalizations for Anorexia Nervosa during the COVID-19 Pandemic in France: A Nationwide Population-Based Study
Chauvet‐Gélinier, J., Roussot, A., Vergès, B. L., Petit, J., Jollant, F., & Quantin, C. (2022) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm11164787 · Cited by 21
Cost-Effectiveness of 5 Public Health Approaches to Prevent Eating Disorders
Long, M. W., Ward, Z. J., Wright, D. R., Rodriguez, P., Tefft, N., & Austin, S. B. (2022) · American Journal of Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2022.07.005 · Cited by 20
Horticultural Therapy May Reduce Psychological and Physiological Stress in Adolescents with Anorexia Nervosa: A Pilot Study
Curzio, O., Billeci, L., Belmonti, V., Colantonio, S., Cotrozzi, L., Pasquale, C. F. D., Morales, M. A., Nali, C., Pascali, M. A., Venturi, F., et al. (2022) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu14245198 · Cited by 20
Food Restriction in Anorexia Nervosa in the Light of Modern Learning Theory: A Narrative Review
García‐Burgos, D., Wilhelm, P., Vögele, C., & Munsch, S. (2023) · Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.3390/bs13020096 · Cited by 23
Predicting long-term outcome in anorexia nervosa: a machine learning analysis of brain structure at different stages of weight recovery
Arold, D., Bernardoni, F., Geisler, D., Doose, A., Uen, V., Boehm, I., Roessner, V., King, J. A., & Ehrlich, S. (2023) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291723001861 · Cited by 21
The body is not just impacted by eating disorders – biology drives them
Downs, J. L. (2024) · Trends in Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.molmed.2024.02.008 · Cited by 20
Eating Disorders in Late-life
Luca, A. (2014) · Aging and Disease · doi:10.14336/ad.2014.0124 · Cited by 20
The HOPE (Helping to Outline Paediatric Eating Disorders) Project: development and debut of a paediatric clinical eating disorder registry
Watson, H. J., McCormack, J., Hoiles, K. J., Forbes, D., & Potts, J. (2013) · Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1186/2050-2974-1-30 · Cited by 21
Exploring the effects of a family admissions program for adolescents with anorexia nervosa
Fink, K., Rhodes, P., Miskovic‐Wheatley, J., Wallis, A., Touyz, S. W., Baudinet, J., & Madden, S. (2017) · Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1186/s40337-017-0181-z · Cited by 20
Gender and age differences in cardiovascular complications in anorexia nervosa patients
Kalla, A., Krishnamoorthy, P. M., Gopalakrishnan, A., Garg, J., Patel, N. C., & Figueredo, V. M. (2016) · International Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.11.209 · Cited by 20
Cognitive Flexibility in Juvenile Anorexia Nervosain Relation to Comorbid Symptoms of Depression, Obsessive Compulsive Symptoms and Duration of Illness
Rößner, A., Juniak, I., van Noort, B. M., Pfeiffer, E. F., Lehmkuhl, U., & Kappel, V. (2016) · Zeitschrift für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie und Psychotherapie · doi:10.1024/1422-4917/a000493 · Cited by 19
Evidence for ERP biomarkers of eating disorder symptoms in women
Groves, K., Kennett, S., & Gillmeister, H. (2017) · Biological Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2016.12.016 · Cited by 20
Hospitalization Outcomes and Comorbidities of Bulimia Nervosa: A Nationwide Inpatient Study
Patel, R. S., Olten, B., Patel, P. A., Shah, K. H., & Mansuri, Z. (2018) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.2583 · Cited by 20
Child Maltreatment and Disordered Eating in Adulthood: a Mediating Role of PTSD and Self-Esteem?
Wolf, N. M., & Elklit, A. (2018) · Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma · doi:10.1007/s40653-018-0224-x · Cited by 20
Adiponectin and resistin in acutely ill and weight-recovered adolescent anorexia nervosa: Association with psychiatric symptoms
Tyszkiewicz‐Nwafor, M., Słopień, A., Dmitrzak‐Węglarz, M., & Rybakowski, F. (2018) · The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1080/15622975.2018.1492735 · Cited by 21
Does it get better? Change in depressive symptoms from late-adolescence to early-adulthood, disordered eating behaviors, and sexual identity
Tabler, J., Geist, C., Schmitz, R. M., & Nagata, J. M. (2019) · Journal of Gay & Lesbian Mental Health · doi:10.1080/19359705.2019.1568944 · Cited by 21
Identifying Individuals with Eating Disorders Using Health Administrative Data
Kurdyak, P. A., de Oliveira, C., Iwajomo, T., Bondy, S. J., Trottier, K., & Colton, P. (2019) · The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/0706743719844183 · Cited by 20
Body shape in inpatients with severe anorexia nervosa
Marzola, E., Panero, M., Cavallo, F., Delsedime, N., & Daga, G. A. (2020) · European Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/j.eurpsy.2019.5 · Cited by 22
Risk of eating disorders in university students: an international study in Hungary, Poland and Ukraine
Lukács, A., Wasilewska, M., Sopel, O. M., Tavolacci, M., Varga, B., Mandziuk, M., Лотоцька, О. В., Sasvári, P., Krytska, H., Kiss-Tóth, E., et al. (2020) · International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health · doi:10.1515/ijamh-2019-0164 · Cited by 20
Correlates of suicidal thoughts and attempts in males engaging in muscle dysmorphia or eating disorder symptoms
Ortiz, S. N., Forrest, L. N., & Smith, A. R. (2020) · Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1002/jclp.23102 · Cited by 20
Clinical management and mortality risk in those with eating disorders and self-harm: e-cohort study using the SAIL databank
John, A. M., Marchant, A. L., Demmler, J. C., Tan, J. O. A., & DelPozo‐Baños, M. (2021) · BJPsych Open · doi:10.1192/bjo.2021.23 · Cited by 20
DBS for treatment-refractory anorexia nervosa
Treasure, J. L., & Schmidt, U. H. (2013) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(13)60057-4 · Cited by 21
Intolerance of Uncertainty and Eating Disorder Symptoms Over the Course of Intensive Treatment
Reilly, E. E., Perry, T. R., Brown, T. A., Wierenga, C. E., & Kaye, W. H. (2021) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.beth.2020.09.002 · Cited by 19
Essentials for Best Practice: Treatment Approaches for Athletes With Eating Disorders
Conviser, J. H., Schlitzer Tierney, A., & Nickols, R. (2018) · Journal of Clinical Sport Psychology · doi:10.1123/jcsp.2018-0013 · Cited by 24
Medical and Psychiatric Characteristics of Patients Hospitalized for Severe Restrictive Eating Disorders: Analysis of 545 Consecutive Patients with Severe Anorexia Nervosa or Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder
Leach, K. K., Bauschka, M., Watters, A., & Mehler, P. S. (2024) · Journal of the Academy of Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jaclp.2024.02.001 · Cited by 19
Disturbed families or families disturbed: a reconsideration
Giles, E. M., Cross, A. S., Matthews, R. V., & Lacey, J. H. (2021) · Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia Bulimia and Obesity · doi:10.1007/s40519-021-01160-1 · Cited by 26
“Breaking down the wall” patients` and families` experience of multifamily therapy for young adult women with severe eating disorders
Brinchmann, B. S., & Krvavac, S. (2021) · Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1186/s40337-021-00412-w · Cited by 21
Neural Representations of Food-Related Attributes in the Human Orbitofrontal Cortex during Choice Deliberation in Anorexia Nervosa
Xue, A. M., Foerde, K., Walsh, B. T., STEINGLASS, J. E., Shohamy, D., & Bakkour, A. (2021) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.0958-21.2021 · Cited by 20
Classification of Twitter users with eating disorder engagement: Learning from the biographies
Abuhassan, M., Anwar, T., Fuller‐Tyszkiewicz, M., Jarman, H. K., Shatte, A. B. R., Chengfei Liu, A., & Sukunesan, S. (2022) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2022.107519 · Cited by 21
State-specific alterations in the neural computations underlying inhibitory control in women remitted from bulimia nervosa
Berner, L. A., Harlé, K. M., Simmons, A. N., Yu, A. J., Paulus, M. P., Bischoff‐Grethe, A., Wierenga, C. E., Bailer, U. F., & Kaye, W. H. (2023) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41380-023-02063-6 · Cited by 22
Co-producing principles to guide health research: an illustrative case study from an eating disorder research clinic
Brooks, C. P., Kafle, E., Butt, N., Chawner, D., Day, A., Elsby-Pearson, C., Elson, E., Hammond, J., Herbert, P., Jenkins, C. L., et al. (2023) · Research Involvement and Engagement · doi:10.1186/s40900-023-00460-3 · Cited by 24
A case series to test the acceptability, feasibility and preliminary efficacy of AVATAR therapy in anorexia nervosa
Thompson, A., Calissano, C., Treasure, J. L., Ball, H., Montague, A. E., Ward, T., & Cardi, V. (2023) · Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1186/s40337-023-00900-1 · Cited by 19
Dissecting the biology of feeding and eating disorders
Huckins, L. M., Brennand, K., & Bulik, C. M. (2024) · Trends in Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.molmed.2024.01.009 · Cited by 20
Exploring the associations between muscularity teasing and eating and body image disturbances in Chinese men and women
He, J., Cui, S., Cui, T., Barnhart, W. R., Han, J., Xu, Y., & Nagata, J. M. (2024) · Body Image · doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2024.101697 · Cited by 20
Does specialization of treatment influence mortality in eating disorders? – A comparison of two retrospective cohorts
Winkler, L. A., Bilenberg, N., Hørder, K., & Støving, R. K. (2015) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2015.08.032 · Cited by 20
What can Cognitive Neuroscience Teach us about Anorexia Nervosa?
Kidd, A., & STEINGLASS, J. E. (2012) · Current Psychiatry Reports · doi:10.1007/s11920-012-0285-8 · Cited by 19
Associations between neural correlates of visual stimulus processing and set-shifting in ill and recovered women with anorexia nervosa
Sultson, H., van Meer, F., Sanders, N. M., Elburg, A. A. V., Danner, U. N., Hoek, H. W., Adan, R. A. H., & Smeets, P. A. M. (2016) · Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging · doi:10.1016/j.pscychresns.2016.07.004 · Cited by 19
Neurobiology of eating disorders - an overview
Mishra, A., Anand, M., & Shreekantiah, U. (2016) · Asian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.ajp.2016.10.009 · Cited by 22
Mental capacity to consent to treatment and the association with outcome: A longitudinal study in patients with anorexia nervosa
Elzakkers, I. F. F. M., Danner, U. N., Sternheim, L. C., McNeish, D., Hoek, H. W., & Elburg, A. A. V. (2017) · BJPsych Open · doi:10.1192/bjpo.bp.116.003905 · Cited by 18
Eating pathology in midlife women: Similar or different to younger counterparts?
Jenkins, P. E., & Price, T. (2017) · International Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1002/eat.22810 · Cited by 19
Social Anxiety and Eating Disorder Risk Among Chinese Adolescents: The Role of Emotional Intelligence
Li, Y. (2018) · School Mental Health · doi:10.1007/s12310-018-9257-4 · Cited by 19
Activity-based anorexia activates CRF immunoreactive neurons in female rats
Scharner, S., Friedrich, T., Goebel‐Stengel, M., Kobelt, P., Rose, M., & Stengel, A. (2018) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2018.03.049 · Cited by 21
A Web-Based Intervention (MotivATE) to Increase Attendance at an Eating Disorder Service Assessment Appointment: Zelen Randomized Controlled Trial
Denison‐Day, J., Muir, S., Newell, C., & Appleton, K. M. (2018) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/11874 · Cited by 19
Rates and trends in healthcare‐detected incidence of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa: A national health insurance claim data study in Taiwan, 2002–2013
Tseng, M. M., Tu, C., Hsieh, S., & Chang, C. (2019) · International Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1002/eat.23203 · Cited by 19
Anxiety disorders predict fasting to control weight: A longitudinal large cohort study of adolescents
Lloyd, E. C., Haase, A. M., Zerwas, S. C., & Micali, N. (2019) · European Eating Disorders Review · doi:10.1002/erv.2714 · Cited by 18
Establishment of a multifamily therapy (MFT) service for young adults with a severe eating disorder – experience from 11 MFT groups, and from designing and implementing the model
Skarbø, T., & Balmbra, S. (2020) · Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1186/s40337-020-0285-8 · Cited by 19
Weight discrimination inflates psychological health risk and academic impairment in sexual minority cisgender college students relative to their heterosexual peers
Simone, M., Pisetsky, E. M., & Lust, K. A. (2020) · Eating Disorders · doi:10.1080/10640266.2020.1763111 · Cited by 19
Reduced Environmental Stimulation in Anorexia Nervosa: An Early-Phase Clinical Trial
Khalsa, S. S., Moseman, S. E., Yeh, H., Upshaw, V., Persac, B., Breese, E., Lapidus, R. C., Chappelle, S. D., Paulus, M. P., & Feinstein, J. S. (2020) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2020.567499 · Cited by 21
Identifying Predictors of Non-Suicidal Self-Injuries in Individuals with Eating Disorders
Ahn, J., Lee, J., & Jung, Y. (2021) · Yonsei Medical Journal · doi:10.3349/ymj.2021.62.2.159 · Cited by 19
β‐endorphin differentially contributes to food anticipatory activity in male and female mice undergoing activity‐based anorexia
Daimon, C. M., & Hentges, S. T. (2021) · Physiological Reports · doi:10.14814/phy2.14788 · Cited by 19
Physical Therapy Interventions in Patients with Anorexia Nervosa: A Systematic Review
Minano-Garrido, E., Catalán-Matamoros, D., & Gómez‐Conesa, A. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph192113921 · Cited by 21
Reward System Abnormalities in Anorexia Nervosa
STEINGLASS, J. E., & Foerde, K. (2018) · JAMA Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2018.1924 · Cited by 19
Integrating Multimodal Deep Learning With CBT-ED
Prabu, P., Sivakumar, R., Ramamurthy, B., Khan, M. S., Haroon, A. S., & Sebastian, S. (2024) · Advances in medical diagnosis, treatment, and care (AMDTC) book series · doi:10.4018/979-8-3693-3230-6.ch020 · Cited by 18
Basal ganglia volume and shape in anorexia nervosa
Leppänen, J., Cardi, V., Sedgewick, F., Treasure, J. L., & Tchanturia, K. (2019) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2019.104480 · Cited by 19
Linking body esteem to eating disorders among adolescents: A moderated mediation model
Li, Y. (2019) · Journal of Health Psychology · doi:10.1177/1359105319886048 · Cited by 21
Early warning systems in inpatient anorexia nervosa: A validation of the MARSIPAN ‐based modified early warning system
Ioannidis, K., Serfontein, J., Deakin, J., Bruneau, M., Ciobanca, A., Holt, L., Snelson, S., & Štochl, J. (2020) · European Eating Disorders Review · doi:10.1002/erv.2753 · Cited by 18
Evaluation of cognitive function in patients with severe anorexia nervosa before and after medical stabilization
Rylander, M., Taylor, G., Bennett, S. L., Pierce, C. A., Keniston, A., & Mehler, P. S. (2020) · Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1186/s40337-020-00312-5 · Cited by 18
Eating Disorders in Children and Adolescents: A Practical Review and Update for Pediatric Gynecologists
Lantzouni, E., & Grady, R. (2021) · Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology · doi:10.1016/j.jpag.2021.01.010 · Cited by 18
Prevention and early help for eating disorders in young people with type 1 diabetes
Oldham‐Cooper, R., & Semple, C. (2021) · Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/1359104521994172 · Cited by 18
Use of high‐frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation to probe the neural circuitry of food choice in anorexia nervosa: A proof‐of‐concept study
Muratore, A. F., Bershad, M., STEINGLASS, J. E., Foerde, K., Gianini, L. M., Broft, A. I., & Attia, E. (2021) · International Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1002/eat.23597 · Cited by 18
Exploring perceived training and professional development needs of Australian dietetic students and practising dietitians in the area of eating disorders: a focus group study
Parker, E., Ashley, M. A., Moretti, C., Harris, D. M., & Stefoska‐Needham, A. (2022) · Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1186/s40337-022-00567-0 · Cited by 19
Mesolimbic Neurobehavioral Mechanisms of Reward Motivation in Anorexia Nervosa: A Multimodal Imaging Study
Tadayonnejad, R., Majid, D. S. A., Tsolaki, E. C., Rane, R., Wang, H., Moody, T. D., Pauli, W. M., Pouratian, N., Bari, A., Murray, S. B., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2022.806327 · Cited by 19
Analysis of Electrolyte Abnormalities in Adolescents and Adults and Subsequent Diagnosis of an Eating Disorder
Hundemer, G. L., Clarke, A., Akbari, A., Bugeja, A. L., Massicotte‐Azarniouch, D., Knoll, G. A., Myran, D. T., Tanuseputro, P., & Sood, M. M. (2022) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.40809 · Cited by 18
Eating Disorders In weight-related Therapy (EDIT) Collaboration: rationale and study design
Lister, N. B., Baur, L. A., Paxton, S. J., Garnett, S. P., Ahern, A. L., Wilfley, D. E., Maguire, S., Sainsbury, A., Steinbeck, K. S., Braet, C., et al. (2023) · Nutrition Research Reviews · doi:10.1017/s0954422423000045 · Cited by 20
Body dissatisfaction, ideals, and identity in the development of disordered eating among adolescent ballet dancers
Ohashi, Y.-G. B., Wang, S. B., Shingleton, R. M., & Nock, M. K. (2023) · International Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1002/eat.24005 · Cited by 18
Cyberbullying and eating disorder symptoms in US early adolescents
Cheng, C. M., Chu, J., Ganson, K. T., Trompeter, N., Testa, A. M., Jackson, D. B., He, J., Glidden, D. V., Baker, F. C., & Nagata, J. M. (2023) · International Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1002/eat.24034 · Cited by 22
A randomized, controlled pilot study of positive affect treatment adapted for anorexia nervosa
Haynos, A. F., Anderson, L. M., Askew, A. J., Liu, C., Venables, K. M., Craske, M. G., & Peterson, C. B. (2023) · International Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1002/eat.24071 · Cited by 18
Colonic Mucosal Proteome Signature Reveals Reduced Energy Metabolism and Protein Synthesis but Activated Autophagy during Anorexia‐Induced Malnutrition in Mice
Nobis, S., Achamrah, N., Goichon, A., L’Huillier, C., Morin, A., Guérin, C., Chan, P., do Rego, J. L., do Rego, J. L., Vaudry, D., et al. (2018) · PROTEOMICS · doi:10.1002/pmic.201700395 · Cited by 17
A loss of consciousness in a teenage girl with anorexia nervosa, due to polydipsia: case report and a minireview
Krogulska, A., Nowicka, D., Nowicki, Z., Parzęcka, M., Sakson-Słomińska, A., & Kuczyńska, R. (2019) · Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia Bulimia and Obesity · doi:10.1007/s40519-018-00636-x · Cited by 18
What role can accredited exercise physiologists play in the treatment of eating disorders? A descriptive study
Bergmeier, H. J., Morris, H., Mundell, N. L., & Skouteris, H. (2019) · Eating Disorders · doi:10.1080/10640266.2019.1701351 · Cited by 18
Diabetes and disordered eating behaviours in a community-based sample of Australian adolescents
Pursey, K., Hay, P., Bussey, K., Trompeter, N., Lonergan, A. R., Pike, K. M., Mond, J., & Mitchison, D. (2020) · Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1186/s40337-020-0282-y · Cited by 18
Exposure to food in anorexia nervosa and brain correlates of food-related anxiety: findings from a pilot study
Young, K. S., Rennalls, S. J., Leppänen, J., Mataix‐Cols, D., Simmons, A., Suda, M., Campbell, I. C., O’Daly, O., & Cardi, V. (2020) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2020.05.077 · Cited by 18
Therapist‐guided smartphone ‐based aftercare for inpatients with severe anorexia nervosa (SMART‐AN): Study protocol of a randomized controlled trial
Schlegl, S., Neumayr, C., & Voderholzer, U. (2020) · International Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1002/eat.23357 · Cited by 18
A specific association between laxative misuse and suicidal behaviours in patients with anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa
Lengvenytė, A., Strumila, R., Maı̈moun, L., Sénèque, M., Olié, É., Lefebvre, P., Renard, É., Courtet, P., & Guillaume, S. (2021) · Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia Bulimia and Obesity · doi:10.1007/s40519-021-01180-x · Cited by 20
Inhibition of POMC neurons in mice undergoing activity-based anorexia selectively blunts food anticipatory activity without affecting body weight or food intake
Daimon, C. M., & Hentges, S. T. (2022) · American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00313.2021 · Cited by 20
Using the Activity-based Anorexia Rodent Model to Study the Neurobiological Basis of Anorexia Nervosa
Chowdhury, T. G., Chen, Y., & Aoki, C. J. (2015) · Journal of Visualized Experiments · doi:10.3791/52927-v · Cited by 18
Associations between probable eating disorders and healthcare use among post-9/11 veteran men and women
Mitchell, K. S., Sienkiewicz, M. E., Smith, B. N., Vogt, D. S., Kehle‐Forbes, S., & Cooper, Z. (2022) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2022.110811 · Cited by 18
Deep Brain Stimulation of the Nucleus Accumbens in Severe Enduring Anorexia Nervosa: A Pilot Study
Scaife, J. C., Eraifej, J., Green, A. L., Petric, B., Aziz, T. Z., & Park, R. J. (2022) · Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnbeh.2022.842184 · Cited by 18
A school-based program implemented by community providers previously trained for the prevention of eating and weight-related problems in secondary-school adolescents: the MABIC study protocol
Sánchez‐Carracedo, D., López‐Guimerà, G., Fauquet, J., Barrada, J. R., Pàmias, M., Puntí, J., Querol, M., & Trepat, E. (2013) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/1471-2458-13-955 · Cited by 18
Development and validity of a very short form of the Eating Disorder Inventory.
Maïano, C., Morin, A., Monthuy-Blanc, J., Garbarino, J., & Ninot, G. (2016) · Comprehensive Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2015.11.004 · Cited by 17
Psychological Impairment as a Predictor of Suicide Ideation in Individuals with Anorexia Nervosa
Bodell, L. P., Cheng, Y., & Wildes, J. E. (2018) · Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior · doi:10.1111/sltb.12459 · Cited by 22
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in the treatment of eating disorders: A review of safety and efficacy
Rachid, F. (2018) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2018.08.013 · Cited by 18
The Role of Ego Networks in Compulsive Exercise Behavior Among a Sample of College Sorority Women
Patterson, M. S., & Goodson, P. (2018) · Journal of Physical Activity and Health · doi:10.1123/jpah.2017-0570 · Cited by 19
Is eating disorders a risk agent for all-cause mortality: a meta-analysis
Amiri, S., & Khan, M. A. (2024) · Eating Disorders · doi:10.1080/10640266.2024.2402634 · Cited by 19
The majority of professionally active women diagnosed with eating disorders may be at risk of work addiction: an overlooked comorbidity
Atroszko, P. A., Mytlewska, W. M., & Atroszko, B. (2020) · Health Psychology Report · doi:10.5114/hpr.2020.98734 · Cited by 19
Likelihood of suffering from an eating disorder in a sample of Spanish cyclists and triathletes
Muros, J. J., Ávila-Alche, Á., Knox, E. C. L., & Zabala, M. (2020) · Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1186/s40337-020-00350-z · Cited by 17
Involuntary Treatment of Minors with Severe and Enduring Anorexia Nervosa.
Ramasamy, R. (2021) · PubMed · doi:10.29158/jaapl.210004-21 · Cited by 15

Authors: Arcelus, J., Mitchell, A. J., Wales, J., & Nielsen, S.
Affiliations: Loughborough University (GB)
Corresponding author: Arcelus, Jon
ORCID: Arcelus, Jon
Mitchell, Alex J.
Nielsen, Søren
Venue: Archives of General Psychiatry
Publisher: American Medical Association (AMA)
Published: 2011-07-01
Volume: 68
Issue: 7
Pages: 724
ISSN: 0003-990X (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2011.74
OpenAlex: W2093980670
Cited by: 2,864
References: 66
Citations by year: 2026: 185 · 2025: 251 · 2024: 284 · 2023: 230 · 2022: 268 · 2021: 346 · 2020: 241 · 2019: 181 · 2018: 159 · 2017: 173 · 2016: 130 · 2015: 146 · 2014: 116 · 2013: 102 · 2012: 42
FWCI: 12.93
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Locations: Archives of General Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Eating Disorders and Behaviors
Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
Keywords: anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, eating disorder not otherwise specified, eating disorders, mortality rates, standardized mortality ratio, suicide, mortality risk factors
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Anorexia Nervosa, Feeding and Eating Disorders, Female, Humans, Male, Sex Factors, Young Adult

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Mortality Rates in Patients With Anorexia Nervosa and Other Eating Disorders: A Meta-analysis of 36 Studies

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Self-check

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks