Cited by 633Eating Disorders and BehaviorsSuicide and Self-Harm StudiesNutrition, Health and Food Behavior

Increased mortality in bulimia nervosa and other eating disorders.

Crow, Scott J., Peterson, Carol B., Swanson, Sonja A., Raymond, Nancy C., Specker, Sheila, Eckert, Elke D., Mitchell, James E.·2009·American Journal of Psychiatry

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Anorexia nervosa has been consistently associated with increased mortality, but whether this is true for other types of eating disorders is unclear. The goal of this study was to determine whether anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and eating disorder not otherwise specified are associated with increased all-cause mortality or suicide mortality. METHOD: Using computerized record linkage to the National Death Index, the authors conducted a longitudinal assessment of mortality over 8 to 25 years in 1,885 individuals with anorexia nervosa (N=177), bulimia nervosa (N=906), or eating disorder not otherwise specified (N=802) who presented for treatment at a specialized eating disorders clinic in an academic medical center. RESULTS: Crude mortality rates were 4.0% for anorexia nervosa, 3.9% for bulimia nervosa, and 5.2% for eating disorder not otherwise specified. All-cause standardized mortality ratios were significantly elevated for bulimia nervosa and eating disorder not otherwise specified; suicide standardized mortality ratios were elevated for bulimia nervosa and eating disorder not otherwise specified. CONCLUSIONS: Individuals with eating disorder not otherwise specified, which is sometimes viewed as a "less severe" eating disorder, had elevated mortality risks, similar to those found in anorexia nervosa. This study also demonstrated an increased risk of suicide across eating disorder diagnoses.

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Crossref · 10.1176/appi.ajp.2009.09020247

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Authors
Crow, S. J., Peterson, C. B., Swanson, S. A., Raymond, N. C., Specker, S., Eckert, E. D., & Mitchell, J. E.
Affiliations
University of Minnesota (US)
Venue
American Journal of Psychiatry
Published
2009-12
Volume
166
Issue
12
Pages
1342-1346
ISSN
  • 0002-953X (ISSN-L)
  • 1535-7228
OpenAlex
W2115175496
Cited by
633
References
23
Citations by year
2026: 9 · 2025: 26 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 34 · 2022: 32 · 2021: 74 · 2020: 28 · 2019: 33 · 2018: 41 · 2017: 30 · 2016: 44 · 2015: 44 · 2014: 54 · 2013: 63 · 2012: 44
FWCI
35.66
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • American Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institute of Mental Health (K02MH065919)
  • National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (P30 DK60456)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Eating Disorders and Behaviors
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
  • Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior
Keywords
bulimia nervosa, anorexia nervosa, eating disorder not otherwise specified, eating disorders, mortality, suicide, standardized mortality ratio, all-cause mortality, long-term outcomes
MeSH terms
Adult, Age Factors, Anorexia Nervosa, Feeding and Eating Disorders, Cause of Death, Diagnosis, Differential, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Mortality, Prognosis, Risk Factors, Suicide, United States, Body Mass Index, Age Distribution, Bulimia Nervosa

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