The spectrum of pseudomembranous enterocolitis and antibiotic-associated diarrhea
Abstract
Pseudomembranous (entero)colitis is primarily caused by Clostridium difficile infection. The most common predisposing factor is prior use of antibiotics, including vancomycin and metronidazole, which themselves are therapy for C difficile colitis. Other risk factors have also been described. The presence of C difficile in the gastrointestinal tract leads to a spectrum of manifestations from the asymptomatic carrier state to fulminant colitis. Successful treatment of C difficile colitis requires prompt treatment with appropriate antibiotics, withdrawal of the suspected predisposing antibiotics, and, in rare cases, total colectomy. Preventive measures of adequate infection control and judicious use of antibiotics are necessary means in attempting to control the spread of C difficile infection. Attempts at making an effective human vaccine are currently under way.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Faecal analysis indicates incidence of C. difficile in AAD to be 20% or less.
“Faecal analysis indicates incidence of C. difficile in AAD to be 20%,22 or less.23”
From Probiotics for the prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhoea: A systematic review and meta-analysis (2021) · cites this paper as [22]
In most cases of AAD no causative agent is found.
“Although C. difficile is the most common infectious organism isolated, in most cases of AAD no causative agent is found.”
From Probiotics for the prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhoea: A systematic review and meta-analysis (2021) · cites this paper as [22]
Cites
Kelly, C. P., Pothoulakis, C., & LaMont, J. T. (1994) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199401273300406 · Cited by 1,320 · see citing works
Asymptomatic Carriage ofClostridium difficileand Serum Levels of IgG Antibody against Toxin A
Kyne, L., Warny, M., Qamar, A., & Kelly, C. P. (2000) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm200002103420604 · Cited by 932 · see citing works
Sleisenger and Fordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease: Pathophysiology/Diagnosis/ Management
Feldman, M. L., Friedman, L. S., & Brandt, L. J. (1998) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 735 · see citing works
Clindamycin-Associated Colitis
Tedesco, F. J., BARTON, R. W., & ALPERS, D. H. (1974) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-81-4-429 · Cited by 611 · see citing works
Field trial of oral cholera vaccines in Bangladesh: results from three-year follow-up
Clemens, J. D., & CLEMENS, J. (1990) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/0140-6736(90)90080-o · Cited by 508 · see citing works
Clabots, C., Johnson, S., Olson, M. M., Peterson, L. R., & Gerding, D. N. (1992) · The Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/infdis/166.3.561 · Cited by 472 · see citing works
Clostridium difficile–Associated Diarrhea
Johnson, S., & Gerding, D. N. (1998) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1086/520276 · Cited by 443 · see citing works
Clostridium difficile Infection
Kelly, C. P., & LaMont, J. T. (1998) · Annual Review of Medicine · doi:10.1146/annurev.med.49.1.375 · Cited by 413 · see citing works
Primary symptomless colonisation by Clostridium difficile and decreased risk of subsequent diarrhoea
Shim, J. K., Johnson, S., Samore, M. H., Bliss, D. Z., & Gerding, D. N. (1998) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(97)08062-8 · Cited by 388 · see citing works
Nosocomial Clostridium difficile colonisation and disease
Johnson, S., Clabots, C., Linn, F. V., Olson, M. M., Peterson, L. R., Gerding, D. N., Johnson, S., Linn, F. V., Peterson, L. R., & Gerding, D. N. (1990) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/0140-6736(90)91605-a · Cited by 332 · see citing works
Tacket, C. O., Losonsky, G. A., Link‐Amster, H., Hoang, Y. K., Guesry, P. R., Hilpert, H., & Levine, M. M. (1988) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm198805123181904 · Cited by 292 · see citing works
Gastroenterostomy for cicatrizing ulcer of the pylorus.
FINNEY, J. M. T. (1983) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 167 · see citing works
Effects of the two toxins of Clostridium difficile in antibiotic-associated cecitis in hamsters
Libby, J. M., Jortner, B. S., & Wilkins, T. D. (1982) · Infection and Immunity · doi:10.1128/iai.36.2.822-829.1982 · Cited by 153 · see citing works
Kim, P. H., Iaconis, J. P., & Rolfe, R. D. (1987) · Infection and Immunity · doi:10.1128/iai.55.12.2984-2992.1987 · Cited by 136 · see citing works
Lyerly, D. M., Bostwick, E. F., Binion, S. B., & Wilkins, T. D. (1991) · Infection and Immunity · doi:10.1128/iai.59.6.2215-2218.1991 · Cited by 136 · see citing works
Treatment with bovine hyperimmune colostrum of cryptosporidial diarrhea in AIDS patients
Nord, J. A., Ma, P., DiJohn, D., Tzipori, S. R., & Tacket, C. O. (1990) · AIDS · doi:10.1097/00002030-199006000-00015 · Cited by 132 · see citing works
Torres, J. F., Lyerly, D. M., Hill, J., & Monath, T. P. C. (1995) · Infection and Immunity · doi:10.1128/iai.63.12.4619-4627.1995 · Cited by 117 · see citing works
Clostridium Difficile-Associated Diarrhea
Schroeder, M. S. (2012) · SpringerReference · doi:10.1007/springerreference_305381 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Treatment of Clostridium difficile infection
Wilcox, M. H. (1998) · Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy · doi:10.1093/jac/41.suppl_3.41 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Kelly, C. P., Pothoulakis, C., Vavva, F., Castagliuolo, I., Bostwick, E. F., O’Keane, J. C., Keates, S. E., & LaMont, J. T. (1996) · Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy · doi:10.1128/aac.40.2.373 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Immune response to Clostridium difficile infection
Kelly, C. N. P. (1996) · European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology · doi:10.1097/00042737-199611000-00004 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Community-Acquired Clostridium difficile-Associated Diarrhea
Riley, T. V., Cooper, M., Bell, B., & Golledge, C. L. (1995) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/clinids/20.supplement_2.s263 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Active and passive immunization to protect against antibiotic associated caecitis in hamsters.
Fernie, D. S., Thomson, R. O., Batty, I., & Pd, W. (1983) · PubMed · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Alonso, R., Muñoz, C., Gros, S. P., de Viedma, D. G., Peláez, T., & Bouza, E. (1999) · Journal of Hospital Infection · doi:10.1016/s0195-6701(99)90052-x · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Clostridium difficile Infection
Bartlett, J. G. (2017) · Infectious Disease Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.idc.2017.05.012 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Pseudomembranous Colitis: An Update
Brar, H. S., & Surawicz, C. M. (2000) · Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.1155/2000/324025 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
[Acute postoperative enterocolitis].
SANCTIS, A. D., Fregola, E., & PAVONE, M. (1962) · PubMed · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Bacterial infections of the colon
Hasan, M. S., & Smith, J. W. (2000) · Current Treatment Options in Gastroenterology · doi:10.1007/s11938-000-0028-5 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Treatment of Clostridium difficile diarrhea and colitis
Kelly, C. P. (2006) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-1-4160-0317-5.50057-1 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Clostridium difficile and its toxins
FUMAROLA, D., & Miragliotta, G. (1984) · Infection · doi:10.1007/bf01641027 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Manabe, Y. C., Vinetz, J. M., Moore, R. D., Merz, C., Charache, P., & Bartlett, J. G. (1996) · European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology · doi:10.1097/00042737-199602000-00021 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Clostridium difficile Toxins: Mechanism of Action and Role in Disease
Voth, D. E., & Ballard, J. D. (2005) · Clinical Microbiology Reviews · doi:10.1128/cmr.18.2.247-263.2005 · Cited by 1,103 · see citing works
Bile Salts and Glycine as Cogerminants for <i>Clostridium difficile</i> Spores
Sorg, J. A., & Sonenshein, A. L. (2008) · Journal of Bacteriology · doi:10.1128/jb.01765-07 · Cited by 711 · see citing works
Impact of Clostridium difficile on Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Issa, M., Vijayapal, A., Graham, M. B., Beaulieu, D. B., Otterson, M. F., Lundeen, S. J., Skaros, S., Weber, L. R., KOMOROWSKI, R. A., Knox, J. F., et al. (2007) · Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2006.12.028 · Cited by 570 · see citing works
Incidence of Clostridium difficile Infection in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Rodemann, J. F., Dubberke, E. R., Reske, K. A., Seo, D. H., & Stone, C. D. (2007) · Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2006.12.027 · Cited by 520 · see citing works
The causes of intestinal dysbiosis: a review.
Hawrelak, J. A., & Myers, S. P. (2004) · PubMed · Cited by 368 · see citing works
Dysbiotic Events in Gut Microbiota: Impact on Human Health
Schippa, S., & Conte, M. (2014) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu6125786 · Cited by 247 · see citing works
Clostridium difficile toxin expression is inhibited by the novel regulator TcdC
Matamouros, S., England, P., & Dupuy, B. (2007) · Molecular Microbiology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2007.05739.x · Cited by 236 · see citing works
Szajewska, H., & Kołodziej, M. (2015) · Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1111/apt.13404 · Cited by 224 · see citing works
Metabolism of Bile Salts in Mice Influences Spore Germination in Clostridium difficile
Giel, J. L., Sorg, J. A., Sonenshein, A. L., & Zhu, J. (2010) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0008740 · Cited by 195 · see citing works
Review of Current Literature on the Economic Burden ofClostridium difficileInfection
Dubberke, E. R., & Wertheimer, A. I. (2008) · Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology · doi:10.1086/592981 · Cited by 183 · see citing works
The Comparative Pathology of Clostridium difficile-associated Disease
Keel, M. K., & Songer, J. G. (2006) · Veterinary Pathology · doi:10.1354/vp.43-3-225 · Cited by 166 · see citing works
Goodman, C., Keating, G., Georgousopoulou, E., Hespe, C., & Levett, K. (2021) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2020-043054 · Cited by 163 · see citing works
Construction and analysis of chromosomal Clostridium difficile mutants
O’Connor, J. R., Lyras, D., Farrow, K. A., Adams, V., Powell, D., Hinds, J., Cheung, J. K., & Rood, J. I. (2006) · Molecular Microbiology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2006.05315.x · Cited by 158 · see citing works
Wren, S. M. (2005) · Archives of Surgery · doi:10.1001/archsurg.140.8.752 · Cited by 142 · see citing works
Clostridium difficile disease: Diagnosis, pathogenesis, and treatment update
Napolitano, L. M., & Edmiston, C. E. (2017) · Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.surg.2017.01.018 · Cited by 132 · see citing works
Rao, K. K., Micić, D., Natarajan, M., Winters, S. A., Kiel, M. J., Walk, S. T., Santhosh, K., Mogle, J. A., Gałecki, A. T., LeBar, W., et al. (2015) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/cid/civ254 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Pathology of drug‐associated gastrointestinal disease
Price, A. B. (2003) · British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2125.2003.01980.x · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Clostridium difficile‐associated diarrhoea
Elliott, B., Chang, B. J., Golledge, C. L., & Riley, T. V. (2007) · Internal Medicine Journal · doi:10.1111/j.1445-5994.2007.01403.x · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Fulminant Clostridium difficile colitis
Adams, S. D., & Mercer, D. (2007) · Current Opinion in Critical Care · doi:10.1097/mcc.0b013e3282638879 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Clostridium difficile infection: molecular pathogenesis and novel therapeutics
Rineh, A., Kelso, M. J., Vatansever, F., Tegos, G. P., & Hamblin, M. R. (2014) · Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy · doi:10.1586/14787210.2014.866515 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Das, R. K., Feuerstadt, P., & Brandt, L. J. (2010) · The American Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.1038/ajg.2010.142 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Pattani, R., Palda, V. A., Hwang, S. W., & Shah, P. S. (2013) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Clostridium difficile infection in solid organ transplant recipients
Riddle, D. J., & Dubberke, E. R. (2008) · Current Opinion in Organ Transplantation · doi:10.1097/mot.0b013e3283186b51 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Clostridium difficile Infection in the Intensive Care Unit
Riddle, D. J., & Dubberke, E. R. (2009) · Infectious Disease Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.idc.2009.04.011 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Clostridium difficile infection in horses: A review
Diab, S. S., Songer, G., & Uzal, F. A. (2013) · Veterinary Microbiology · doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.03.032 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Hallström, H., Persson, G. R., Lindgren, S., & Renvert, S. (2017) · Journal Of Clinical Periodontology · doi:10.1111/jcpe.12805 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Early Surgical Intervention for Fulminant Pseudomembranous Colitis
Ali, S. O., Welch, J. P., & Dring, R. (2008) · The American Surgeon · doi:10.1177/000313480807400105 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Hawrelak, J. A., Whitten, D. L., & Myers, S. P. (2005) · Digestion · doi:10.1159/000087637 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Janvilisri, T., Scaria, J., Thompson, A. D., Nicholson, A. C., Limbago, B. M., Arroyo, L. G., Songer, J. G., Grohn, Y. T., & Chang, Y. (2009) · Journal of Bacteriology · doi:10.1128/jb.00222-09 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Clostridium difficilein foods and animals: history and measures to reduce exposure
Rodriguez‐Palacios, A., Borgmann, S., Kline, T. R., & LeJeune, J. T. (2013) · Animal Health Research Reviews · doi:10.1017/s1466252312000229 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Trejo, F. M., Minnaard, J., Pérez, P. F., & Antoni, G. L. D. (2006) · Anaerobe · doi:10.1016/j.anaerobe.2006.03.004 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Nomura, K., Fujimoto, Y., Yamashita, M., Morimoto, Y., Ohshiro, M., Sato, K., Oyake, T., Kowata, S., Konishi, H., Yoshikawa, T., et al. (2008) · Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.1080/00365520802321238 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Pathogenesis and treatment of Clostridium difficile infection
Tonna, I., & Welsby, P. D. (2005) · Postgraduate Medical Journal · doi:10.1136/pgmj.2004.028480 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Clinical manifestations, treatment and control of infections caused by Clostridium difficile
Bouza, E., Muñóz, P., & Alonso, R. (2005) · Clinical Microbiology and Infection · doi:10.1111/j.1469-0691.2005.01165.x · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Keel, M. K., & Songer, J. G. (2007) · Veterinary Pathology · doi:10.1354/vp.44-6-814 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Iatrogenic pathology of the intestines
McCarthy, A. J., Lauwers, G. Y., & Sheahan, K. D. (2015) · Histopathology · doi:10.1111/his.12598 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Lagier, J., Delord, M., Million, M., Parola, P., Stein, A., Brouqui, P., & Raoult, D. (2015) · European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1007/s10096-015-2394-x · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Probiotics for antibiotic-associated diarrhea: Do we have a verdict?
Issa, I. A., & Moucari, R. (2014) · World Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.3748/wjg.v20.i47.17788 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Redefining Lactose as a Conditional Prebiotic
Szilagyi, A. (2004) · Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.1155/2004/350732 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Badger, V. O., Ledeboer, N., Graham, M. B., & Edmiston, C. E. (2012) · Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition · doi:10.1177/0148607112446703 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Severity of Clostridium difficile‐associated diarrhea in solid organ transplant patients
Gellad, Z. F., Alexander, B. D., Liu, J. K., Griffith, B. C., Meyer, A. M. J., Johnson, J., & Muir, A. J. (2007) · Transplant Infectious Disease · doi:10.1111/j.1399-3062.2007.00255.x · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Biopsy interpretation of colonic biopsies when inflammatory bowel disease is excluded
Khor, T. S., Fujita, H., Nagata, K., Shimizu, M., & Lauwers, G. Y. (2012) · Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.1007/s00535-012-0539-6 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Colitis Due toClostridium DifficileToxins: Underdiagnosed, Highly Virulent, and Nosocomial
Fordtran, J. S. (2006) · Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings · doi:10.1080/08998280.2006.11928114 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Clostridium perfringens type C and Clostridium difficile co-infection in foals
Uzal, F. A., Diab, S. S., Blanchard, P. C., Moore, J. D., Anthenill, L. A., Shahriar, F., García, J. P., & Songer, J. G. (2011) · Veterinary Microbiology · doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.11.023 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Swale, A., Miyajima, F., Roberts, P., Hall, A. J., Little, M., Beadsworth, M., Beeching, N. J., Kolamunnage‐Dona, R., Parry, C. M., & Pirmohamed, M. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0106118 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Paredes‐Sabja, D., Bond, C., Carman, R. J., Setlow, P., & Sarker, M. R. (2008) · Microbiology · doi:10.1099/mic.0.2008/016592-0 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Avoiding Colectomy during Surgical Management of Fulminant Clostridium difficile Colitis
Olivas, A. D., Umanskiy, K., Zuckerbraun, B. S., & Alverdy, J. C. (2010) · Surgical Infections · doi:10.1089/sur.2010.026 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Past, Present, and Future Therapies for Clostridium difficile–Associated Disease
McCoy, D., Kuyumjian, A., Wynd, M. A., & Cicogna, C. E. (2006) · Annals of Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1345/aph.1h332 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Clostridium difficile Infection in Production Animals and Avian Species: A Review
Moono, P., Foster, N. F., Hampson, D. J., Knight, D. R., Bloomfield, L., & Riley, T. V. (2016) · Foodborne Pathogens and Disease · doi:10.1089/fpd.2016.2181 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Gogate, A., De, A., Nanivadekar, R., Mathur, M., Saraswathi, K., Jog, A. S., & Kulkarni, M. (2005) · PubMed · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Clostridium difficile infection
Stanley, J. D., Bartlett, J. G., Dart, B. W., & Ashcraft, J. (2013) · Current Problems in Surgery · doi:10.1067/j.cpsurg.2013.02.004 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Moore, J. H., Pinheiro, C. C. D., Zaenker, E. I., Bolick, D. T., Kolling, G. L., van Opstal, E. J., Noronha, F. J., de Medeiros, P. H. Q. S., Rodriguez, R. S., Lima, A. Â. M., et al. (2015) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0131829 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Yeom, C. H., Cho, M. M., Baek, S. K., & Bae, O. S. (2010) · Journal of the Korean Society of Coloproctology · doi:10.3393/jksc.2010.26.5.329 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
The burden of Clostridium difficile-associated disease following digestive tract surgery in Japan
Yasunaga, H., Horiguchi, H., Hashimoto, H., Matsuda, S., & Fushimi, K. (2012) · Journal of Hospital Infection · doi:10.1016/j.jhin.2012.07.023 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Low Risk of Irritable Bowel Syndrome afterClostridium difficileInfection
Piche, T., Vanbiervliet, G., Girard-Pipau, F., Dainese, R., Hébuterne, X., Rampal, P., & Collins, S. M. (2007) · Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.1155/2007/262478 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Paredes‐Sabja, D., Bond, C., Carman, R. J., Setlow, P., & Sarker, M. R. (2009) · Microbiology · doi:10.1099/mic.0.30214-0 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Antibiotic-associated diarrhoea
Coté, G. A., & Buchman, A. L. (2006) · Expert Opinion on Drug Safety · doi:10.1517/14740338.5.3.361 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Antimicrobial Therapy of Clostridium difficile-Associated Diarrhea
Bouza, E., Burillo, A., & Muñóz, P. (2006) · Medical Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.mcna.2006.07.011 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Mangin, I., Lévêque, C., Magne, F., Suau, A., & Pochart, P. (2012) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0050257 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Clostridium difficile–associated infection: a disease of varying severity
Jawa, R. S., & Mercer, D. (2012) · The American Journal of Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.amjsurg.2012.05.025 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Efron, P. A., & Mazuski, J. E. (2009) · Surgical Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.suc.2008.09.014 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
An Unusual Presentation of Pseudomembranous Colitis
Jabbar, S. A., Sundaramurthi, S., Elamurugan, T., Goneppanavar, M., & Ramakrishnaiah, V. P. N. (2019) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.4570 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
The role of surgery in Clostridium difficile colitis
Noblett, S. E., Welfare, M., & Seymour, K. (2009) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.b1563 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Paredes‐Sabja, D., & Sarker, M. R. (2011) · Anaerobe · doi:10.1016/j.anaerobe.2011.02.001 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Hsu, M.-S., Wang, J. T., Huang, W. K., Liu, Y.-C., & Chang, S. (2006) · PubMed · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Changela, U., Cannon, J. P., Aneziokoro, C., Shah, P. S., Thottapurathu, L., & Lentino, J. R. (2004) · International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents · doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2004.07.011 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Mao, E. J., Kelly, C. R., & Machan, J. T. (2015) · Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy · doi:10.1128/aac.00795-15 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Persistence of Clostridium difficile RT 237 infection in a Western Australian piggery
Moono, P., Putsathit, P., Knight, D. R., Squire, M. M., Hampson, D. J., Foster, N. F., & Riley, T. V. (2015) · Anaerobe · doi:10.1016/j.anaerobe.2015.11.012 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Severe Clostridium difficile infections in intensive care units: Diverse clinical presentations
Lee, J., Hung, Y., Tsai, B., Tsai, P.-J., & Ko, W. (2020) · Journal of Microbiology Immunology and Infection · doi:10.1016/j.jmii.2020.07.012 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Infecciosas, I. D. I. S. G. M. S. D. M. C. Y. E., Bouza, E., Aguado, J. M., Alcalá, L., Almirante, B., Alonso‐Fernández, P., Borges-Sa, M., Cobo, J., Guardiola, J., Horcajada, J. P., et al. (2020) · Revista Española de Quimioterapia · doi:10.37201/req/2065.2020 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Clostridium difficile Infection in the Intensive Care Unit
Leclair, M.-A., Allard, C., Lesur, O., & Pépin, J. (2009) · Journal of Intensive Care Medicine · doi:10.1177/0885066609350871 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Outcomes of emergency colectomy for fulminant Clostridium difficile colitis
Al-Abed, Y. A., Gray, E., & Rothnie, N. D. (2010) · The Surgeon · doi:10.1016/j.surge.2010.06.003 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
A rat model of mild intestinal inflammation induced byStaphylococcus aureusenterotoxin B
Pérez‐Bosque, A., & Moretó, M. (2010) · Proceedings of The Nutrition Society · doi:10.1017/s0029665110001849 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Mitu-Pretorian, O.-M., Forgacs, B., Qumruddin, A., Tavakoli, A., Augustine, T., & Pararajasingam, R. (2010) · Transplantation Proceedings · doi:10.1016/j.transproceed.2010.04.057 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Antibiotic and Modulation of Microbiota
Rizzatti, G., Ianiro, G., & Gasbarrini, A. (2018) · Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology · doi:10.1097/mcg.0000000000001069 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Carlson, T. J., Gonzales-Luna, A. J., & Garey, K. W. (2022) · Seminars in Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1055/s-0041-1740973 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Nutrition and Diarrheal Disease and Enteric Pathogens
Siddiqui, F. J., Belayneh, G., & Bhutta, Z. A. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-56913-6_8 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Vomiting, Diarrhea, Constipation, and Gastroenteritis
Getto, L. P., Zeserson, E., & Breyer, M. J. (2011) · Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.emc.2011.01.005 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Clostridium difficile infection
Hernández, L. A., Ramírez, E. R., & Santiago, E. B. (2017) · Medicina Clínica (English Edition) · doi:10.1016/j.medcle.2017.04.034 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Clostridioides difficile Infection in the Stem Cell Transplant and Hematologic Malignancy Population
Misch, E. A., & Safdar, N. (2019) · Infectious Disease Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.idc.2019.02.010 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Clinical approach to severe Clostridium difficile infection: Update for the hospital practitioner
Pant, C., Sferra, T. J., Deshpande, A., & Minocha, A. (2011) · European Journal of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ejim.2011.04.009 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Review of medical and surgical management of Clostridium difficile infection
Faris, B., Blackmore, A., & Haboubi, N. Y. (2010) · Techniques in Coloproctology · doi:10.1007/s10151-010-0574-3 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Taha, A. S., Faccenda, E., Angerson, W. J., Balsitis, M., & KELLY, R. W. (2004) · Digestive and Liver Disease · doi:10.1016/j.dld.2004.07.019 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Clostridium difficilecausing acute renal failure: Case presentation and review
Arrich, J. (2005) · World Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.3748/wjg.v11.i8.1245 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Campos, G. B. P., Lucena, E. E. D. S., da Silva, J. S. P., Gomes, P. P., & Germano, A. R. (2015) · PubMed Central · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Choi, S., Lee, H., Yu, J., & Chae, H. (2015) · Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2015.09.003 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Trudel, J. L. (2007) · Clinics in Colon and Rectal Surgery · doi:10.1055/s-2007-970195 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Moxifloxacin‐Induced Clostridium difficile ‐ Associated Diarrhea
Carroll, D. N. (2003) · Pharmacotherapy The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy · doi:10.1592/phco.23.14.1517.31936 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Diagnostic utilities of a fully automated molecular test for toxigenic Clostridium difficile
Morinaga, Y., Akamatsu, N., Matsuda, J., Tateno, H., Tomaru, T., Tanaka, A., Morita, S., Nakamura, M., Kato, H., ANNAKA, M., et al. (2017) · Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy · doi:10.1016/j.jiac.2017.09.003 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Infección por Clostridium difficile
Alcalá, L., Reigadas, E., & Santiago, E. B. (2017) · Medicina Clínica · doi:10.1016/j.medcli.2017.01.033 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Manian, F. A., Aradhyula, S., Greisnauer, S., Senkel, D., Setzer, J., Wiechens, M., & Meyer, P. L. (2007) · Southern Medical Journal · doi:10.1097/smj.0b013e318063e9c5 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Søes, L. M., Brock, I., Persson, S., Simonsen, J., Olsen, K. E. P., & Kemp, M. (2011) · European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1007/s10096-011-1292-0 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Lee, K. S., Shin, W. G., Jang, M. K., Kim, H. S., Kim, H. S., Park, C. J., Lee, J. Y., Kim, K. H., Park, J. Y., Lee, J. H., et al. (2006) · Diseases of the Colon & Rectum · doi:10.1007/s10350-006-0694-z · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Gualtero, S. M., Abril, L. A., Camelo, N., Sanchez, S. D., Dávila, F. A., Arias, G., Silva, E., Bustos, I. G., Josa, D. F., Torres, I. C., et al. (2017) · Biomédica · doi:10.7705/biomedica.v37i4.3244 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Reducing Clostridium difficile infection in acute care by using an improvement collaborative
Power, M., Wigglesworth, N., Donaldson, E., Chadwick, P. R., Gillibrand, S., & Goldmann, D. A. (2010) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.c3359 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Ohshima, T., Osaki, T., Yamamoto, Y., Asai, S., Miyachi, H., & Kamiya, S. (2018) · Journal of Clinical Microbiology · doi:10.1128/jcm.00555-18 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Adverse Drug Effects Involving the Gastrointestinal System (Pharmacist Perspective)
Goriacko, P., & Veltri, K. T. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-30192-7_10 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Keel, M. K., & Songer, J. G. (2010) · Veterinary Pathology · doi:10.1177/0300985810380395 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Antibiotic‐associated Bloody Diarrhea in Infants: Clinical, Endoscopic, and Histopathologic Profiles
Barakat, M., EL-KADY, Z. M. M., Mostafa, M., Ibrahim, N., & Ghazaly, H. (2010) · Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition · doi:10.1097/mpg.0b013e3181da215b · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Minimizing risk in colon and rectal surgery
Kozol, R. A., Hyman, N., Strong, S. A., Whelan, R. L., Cha, C. H., & Longo, W. E. (2007) · The American Journal of Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.amjsurg.2007.08.006 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
- Authors
- Hurley, B. W., & Nguyen, C. C.
- Affiliations
- Mayo Clinic in Arizona (US)
- ORCID
- Nguyen, Cuong C.
- Venue
- Archives of Internal Medicine
- Publisher
- American Medical Association (AMA)
- Published
- 2002-10-28
- Volume
- 162
- Issue
- 19
- Pages
- 2177
- ISSN
- 0003-9926 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2120700667
- Cited by
- 288
- References
- 32
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 64 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 5.08
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Archives of Internal Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Microscopic Colitis
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Infection Control in Healthcare
- Keywords
- pseudomembranous colitis, Clostridium difficile infection, antibiotic-associated diarrhea, vancomycin, metronidazole, asymptomatic carriage, fulminant colitis, colectomy, infection control, antibiotic stewardship
- MeSH terms
- Anti-Bacterial Agents, Clostridium Infections, Diarrhea, Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous, Humans, Recurrence, Clostridioides difficile
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
