The DOI matches its Crossref record; 25 of the 25 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Lymphocytic Infiltrates in the Spinal Cord in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Abstract
Objective Immunohistochemical examination was undertaken to assess the presence of lymphocytes and lymphocyte subsets in the spinal cord in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Design Twenty-seven consecutive ALS autopsy cases and 11 consecutive disease--control autopsy cases were examined. Tissue sections were reacted with mouse monoclonal antibody to human leukocyte common antigen, or monoclonal antibody to human B-cell L26 antigen, and detected with immunoperoxidase techniques. Unfixed sections were reacted with antihuman Leu-3a and Leu-3b/CD4 or antihuman Leu-2a/CD8 mouse monoclonal antibody and then detected with peroxidase techniques. Setting Tertiary care hospital. Cases Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and non-ALS control autopsy specimens. Main outcome measure Detection of lymphocytes by histological and immunohistochemical reactivity. Results Perivascular and intraparenchymal lymphocytic infiltrates were found in the spinal cord of 18 of 27 consecutive ALS autopsy cases. The lymphocytes possessed only T-cell markers; no B-cell markers could be demonstrated. T-helper cells were found in proximity to degenerating corticospinal tracts, while T-helper and T-suppressor/cytotoxic cells were demonstrated in ventral horns. Lymphocytes were present in the spinal cord of only one control specimen (multiple sclerosis) and in none of the remaining 10 control specimens. In ALS tissue, the lymphocytic infiltrates did not correlate with the rate of progression or stage of the disease…
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“These findings support earlier observations showing that the BBB and BSCB are damaged in a subset of ALS patients as demonstrated by accumulation of plasma-derived IgG in the spinal cord and motor cortex in 40% (154) to 90% (163) of studied cases, and accumulation of peripheral blood cells in 70% (164) to 100% (599) of studied cases.”
From Blood-Brain Barrier: From Physiology to Disease and Back (2019) · cites this paper as [164]
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Cites
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Diagnosis of Human Lymphoma with Monoclonal Antileukocyte Antibodies
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IgG Reactivity in the Spinal Cord and Motor Cortex in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
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Self-citationSerum antibodies to GM 1 ganglioside in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
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Blood-Brain Barrier: From Physiology to Disease and Back
Sweeney, M. D., Zhao, Z., Montagne, A., Nelson, A. R., & Zlokovic, B. V. (2019) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.00050.2017 · Cited by 2,312
The changing scene of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Robberecht, W., & Philips, T. (2013) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn3430 · Cited by 957
Raivich, G., Bohatschek, M., Kloss, C. U. A., Werner, A., Jones, L. L., & Kreutzberg, G. W. (1999) · Brain Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/s0165-0173(99)00007-7 · Cited by 843
The blood–brain barrier in health and disease
Daneman, R. (2012) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.23648 · Cited by 794
Turner, M. R., Cagnin, A., Turkheimer, F. E., Miller, C. C. J., Shaw, C. E., Brooks, D. J., Leigh, P. N., & Banati, R. B. (2004) · Neurobiology of Disease · doi:10.1016/j.nbd.2003.12.012 · Cited by 737
Metadata
- Authors
- Engelhardt, J. I., Tajti, J., & Appel, S. H.
- Affiliations
- Baylor College of Medicine (US)
- Venue
- Archives of Neurology
- Publisher
- American Medical Association (AMA)
- Published
- 1993-01-01
- Volume
- 50
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 30-36
- ISSN
- 0003-9942 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2069781018
- Cited by
- 318
- References
- 25
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 19
- FWCI
- 5.43
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Archives of Neurology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- SZTE Publicatio Repozitórium (University of Szeged) (acceptedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Keywords
- amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, spinal cord, lymphocyte infiltration, T cells, T helper cells, suppressor/cytotoxic T cells, corticospinal tract degeneration, ventral horn, B cells, CD45, CD4, CD8, neuroinflammation
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, B-Lymphocytes, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Spinal Cord, CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes, CD4 Antigens, CD8 Antigens, Leukocyte Common Antigens, T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory
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