The DOI matches its Crossref record; 16 of the 16 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Expanding the Differential Diagnosis of Chronic Dizziness
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To improve treatment outcomes for patients with chronic dizziness by identifying clinical conditions associated with persistent symptoms and delineating key diagnostic features that differentiate its causes and direct attention to specific treatments. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study from 1998 to 2004. SETTING: Tertiary care balance center. PATIENTS: A total of 345 men and women, aged 15 to 89 years, referred for evaluation of chronic dizziness (duration of > or =3 months) of uncertain cause. INTERVENTIONS: Patients were systematically directed through multiple specialty examinations until definitive diagnoses were made. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Final diagnoses associated with dizziness. RESULTS: Nearly all patients with chronic subjective dizziness were diagnosed with psychiatric or neurologic illnesses. These included primary and secondary anxiety disorders (n = 206 [59.7%]) and central nervous system conditions (n = 133 [38.6%]), specifically migraine headaches, mild traumatic brain injuries, and neurally mediated dysautonomias. A small number of patients (6 [1.7%]) had dysrhythmias. Four of 5 patients with migraine or dysrhythmias had comorbid anxiety. CONCLUSIONS: Chronic dizziness has several common causes, including anxiety disorders, migraine, traumatic brain injuries, and dysautonomia, that require different treatments. Key features of the clinical history distinguish these illnesses from one another and from active neurotologic conditions. The high prevalence of secondary anxiety may give a false impression of psychogenicity.
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In the citing paper
“The majority of conditions that precede PPPD are acute or episodic in nature.”
In the citing paper
“The most common precipitating conditions are peripheral or central vestibular disorders (25–30% of cases), attacks of vestibular migraine (15–20%), panic attacks or anxiety that manifest prominent dizziness (15% each), concussive injuries of the brain or whiplash injuries of the neck (10–15%), and autonomic disorders (7%).”
In the citing paper
“Positive results indicate that an anxiety or depressive disorder is likely, either as the sole cause of vestibular symptoms or co-existing with PPPD [12, 58, 75, 79].”
In the citing paper
“The average duration of illness at the time of tertiary consultation was 4.5 years with some patients experiencing symptoms for decades [13, 79].”
In the citing paper
“No epidemiologic studies are available for PPPD, but its prevalence and incidence may be estimated from research done on patients with PPV, VV, CSD, and chronic dizziness following acute vestibular syndromes [7, 12, 23, 28, 30, 79].”
In the citing paper
“The average age of patients presenting for evaluation of PPV, CSD, and PPPD is the mid-40 s, with a range from adolescence to late adulthood [10, 79, 100].”
In the citing paper
“Clinical epidemiologic data from tertiary care centers with special interest in PPV [13] and CSD [79] showed their prevalence to be 15–20% among all patients presenting for evaluation of vestibular symptoms, making them the most common diagnoses among young adults and the second most common among all adults, trailing only BPPV.”
In the citing paper
“CSD was a step in that direction based in part on the physical features of PPV [79].”
Citations
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“Nonspecific dizziness is not clearly defined and is not related to positional changes or orthostatic hypotension.(7,32,33)”
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“5% of patients with PPPD had migraine [49].”
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“Staab et al. initially proposed CSD, which includes persistent non-vertiginous dizziness over 3 months, subjective imbalance, and motion-hypersensi-tivity without oto-neurological abnormalities [7].”
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Fujimoto, C., Oka, M., Ichijo, K., Kinoshita, M., Kamogashira, T., Sugasawa, K., Kawahara, T., & Yamasoba, T. (2023) · Laryngoscope Investigative Otolaryngology · doi:10.1002/lio2.1073 · Cited by 11
“Many of its clinical features have been described under different diagnostic names such as phobic postural vertigo,(2) space-motion discomfort,(3) visual vertigo,(4) and chronic subjective dizziness.(5,6) PPPD is a novel clinical entity that integrates these previous concepts.”
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“Over time, other terms such as psychosomatic or somatoform dizziness were used in the literature to refer to the same condition, whereas the more contemporaneous “functional dizziness or ver-tigo” also encompass phobic postural vertigo, 3 chronic subjective dizziness, 4 and space-motion discomfort.”
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“This naming convention was later updated in favor of ‘chronic subjective dizziness’ (Staab and Ruckenstein 2007).”
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Self-citationOutcomes of autogenic training for patients with chronic subjective dizziness
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“…conceptualizations of non-organic dizziness—such as phobic postural vertigo, space motion discomfort, visual vertigo, and chronic subjective dizziness (2–8)—PPPD redefined functional dizziness and moved away from older psychiatric connotations like psychogenic and psychosomatic dizziness.”
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持続性知覚性姿勢誘発めまい (persistent postural perceptual dizziness ; PPPD)
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Expanding the Differential Diagnosis of Chronic Dizziness
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“described in the history.(19,20) The criteria for panic attacks require that the patient experience a discrete period of intense fear or discomfort with four or more other symptoms (eg, palpitations, sweating, feelings of choking, dizziness, paresthesia) that develop abruptly and peak within 10 minutes.”
BackgroundFunctional Dizziness and Vertigo
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“21,22 Currently, prior to patients' initial visits, a symptom self ‐ report questionnaire is completed.”
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“The most frequent comorbidity in PPPD is ANX, with a rate of approximately 45–60% [2–4].”
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“Therefore, persistent dizziness should not be considered a unitary condition, nor should it be interpreted only on the basis of a single vestibular test [1,2].”
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“Chronicdiz-ziness refers to the condition of dizziness lasting 3 months or more (Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, 2023a; Staab & Ruckenstein, 2007).”
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“16,29,30 The fact that those findings bracketed the 8.9% result of this three-fold larger investigation suggests that this may be a reliable estimate of the point prevalence of TBI as a trigger for PPPD among patients seeking care in tertiary centers.”
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“첫째, PPPD는 하나의 핵심 병태생리를 가지는 단일한 질환인가? 아니면 상이한 병태생리 기전들로부터 유래하여 유사 증상들을 만들어내는 여러 상황의 공통된 발현 양상을 일컫는가? 둘째, 만일 PPPD가 단일 질환이라 면, 임상적으로 의미 있고 타당한 방식으로 구별 가능한 하부 유형을 가지는가? PPV, SMD, VV, CSD 각각에서 기술되었던 선행사건들 은 다양한 신경이과적, 내과적, 정신과적 질환들을 아우 른다[3,4,13].”
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Self-citationCognitive behavior therapy for dizziness
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“The normal physiological reaction to dizziness (1) is to activate alternative movement control (2) that do not rely on vestibular information.”
BackgroundTwo Cases of Ménière’s Disease Associated with Persistent Postural-Perceptual Dizziness
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Diagnosis and Treatment of PPPD
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Persistent Postural-Perceptual Dizziness
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Psychiatric Origin of Vertigo (Review)
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Research Progress of Persistent Posture-Perceived Dizziness
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Strategies for managing patients with chronic subjective dizziness
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Vestibular Symptoms and Magnitude of Disease Burden
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Metadata
- Authors
- Staab, J. P., & Ruckenstein, M. J.
- Affiliations
- University of Pennsylvania Health System (US)
- University of Pennsylvania (US)
- ORCID
- Staab, Jeffrey P.
- Venue
- Archives of Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery
- Publisher
- American Medical Association (AMA)
- Published
- 2007-02-01
- Volume
- 133
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 170
- ISSN
- 0886-4470 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2099190753
- Cited by
- 217
- References
- 16
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 24 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 3.83
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Archives of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Vestibular and auditory disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Syncope and Autonomic Disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Migraine and Headache Studies
- Keywords
- chronic dizziness, differential diagnosis, anxiety disorders, migraine, mild traumatic brain injury, cardiac arrhythmias, comorbidities, psychogenic dizziness, central nervous system disorders
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Anxiety Disorders, Autonomic Nervous System Diseases, Chronic Disease, Diagnosis, Differential, Diagnostic Techniques, Otological, Dizziness, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Migraine Disorders, Post-Concussion Syndrome
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