Sports Participation and Health-Related Behaviors Among US Youth
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationship between sports participation and health-related behaviors among high school students. DESIGN: Cross-sectional design using data from the 1997 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Youth Risk Behavior Survey. PARTICIPANTS: A nationally representative sample of 14,221 US high school students. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Prevalence of sports participation among males and females from 3 ethnic groups and its associations with other health behaviors, including diet, tobacco use, alcohol and illegal drug use, sexual activity, violence, and weight loss practices. RESULTS: Approximately 70% of male students and 53% of female students reported participating on 1 or more sports teams in school and/or nonschool settings; rates varied substantially by age, sex, and ethnicity. Male sports participants were more likely than male nonparticipants to report fruit and vegetable consumption on the previous day and less likely to report cigarette smoking, cocaine and other illegal drug use, and trying to lose weight. Compared with female nonparticipants, female sports participants were more likely to report consumption of vegetables on the previous day and less likely to report having sexual intercourse in the past 3 months. Among white males and females, several other beneficial health behaviors were associated with sports participation. A few associations with negative health behaviors were observed in African American and Hispanic subgroups. CONCLUSION: Sports participation is highly prevalent among US high school students, and is associated with numerous positive health behaviors and few negative health behaviors.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Males who participate in sports are less likely to smoke cigarettes and use marijuana, less likely to use cocaine and other illicit drugs, and are more likely to drink alcohol than males who do not participate in organized sports.
“Males who participate in sports are less likely to smoke cigarettes and use marijuana,28,29 less likely to use cocaine and other illicit drugs 30,31 and are more likely to drink alcohol, 32,33 than males who do not participate in organized sports.”
From Association of Physical Activity, Sports, and Screen Time With Adolescent Behaviors in Youth Who Visit the Pediatric Emergency Department (2022) · cites this paper as [33]
Cites
Physical Activity and Health: A Report of the Surgeon General
(1995) · PsycEXTRA Dataset · doi:10.1037/e525162010-001 · Cited by 5,488 · see citing works
Healthy People 2000: National Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Objectives.
Heidel, R. E. (1991) · Population and Development Review · doi:10.2307/1971966 · Cited by 3,171 · see citing works
Waller, W. (1932) · doi:10.1037/11443-000 · Cited by 1,378 · see citing works
SUDAAN User's Manual, Release 7.5,
Bieler, G. S., Barnwell, B., & Shah, B. V. (1997) · Cited by 1,285 · see citing works
Holtzman, D. J., Powell‐Griner, E., Bolen, J. C., & Rhodes, L. (2000) · PubMed · Cited by 1,110 · see citing works
Luepker, R. V. (1996) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.1996.03530340032026 · Cited by 1,023 · see citing works
Protective factors in adolescent problem behavior: Moderator effects and developmental change.
Jessor, R., Bos, J. V. D., Vanderryn, J. H. M., Costa, F. M., & Turbin, M. S. (1995) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/0012-1649.31.6.923 · Cited by 952 · see citing works
Reliability of the Youth Risk Behavior Survey Questionnaire
Brener, N. D., Collins, J. L., Kann, L. K., Warren, C. W., & Williams, B. I. (1995) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a117473 · Cited by 929 · see citing works
Sallis, J. F., McKenzie, T. L., Alcaraz, J. E., Kolody, B., Faucette, N., & Hovell, M. F. (1997) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.87.8.1328 · Cited by 914 · see citing works
Physical Activity Guidelines for Adolescents: Consensus Statement
Sallis, J. F., & Patrick, K. (1994) · Pediatric Exercise Science · doi:10.1123/pes.6.4.302 · Cited by 656 · see citing works
PATE, R. R., Heath, G. W., Dowda, M. C., & Trost, S. G. (1996) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.86.11.1577 · Cited by 529 · see citing works
Self-citationPsychosocial Correlates of Marijuana Use and Problem Drinking in a National Sample of Adolescents
Jessor, R., Chase, J. A., & Donovan, J. E. (1980) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.70.6.604 · Cited by 351 · see citing works
AMA guidelines for adolescent preventive services (GAPS) : recommendations and rationale
Elster, A. B., & Kuznets, N. (1994) · Williams & Wilkins eBooks · Cited by 241 · see citing works
Simons‐Morton, B. G., Parcel, G. S., Baranowski, T., Forthofer, R. N., & OʼHara, N. M. (1991) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.81.8.986 · Cited by 236 · see citing works
Goldberg, L., Elliot, D., Clarke, G., Mackinnon, D., Moe, E. L., Zoref, L., Green, C., Wolf, S., Greffrath, E., Miller, D. J., et al. (1996) · Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) · doi:10.1001/jama.276.19.1555 · Cited by 218 · see citing works
Descriptive Epidemiology of Physical Activity in Adolescents
Pate, R. R., Long, B. J., & Heath, G. W. (1994) · Pediatric Exercise Science · doi:10.1123/pes.6.4.434 · Cited by 215 · see citing works
Self-citationLifestyles And Health Risks of Collegiate Athletes
Nattiv, A., Puffer, J. C., & Green, G. A. (1997) · Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine · doi:10.1097/00042752-199710000-00004 · Cited by 195 · see citing works
Physical activity and the initiation of high-risk health behaviors in adolescents
Aaron, D. J., Dearwater, S. R., Anderson, R., Olsen, T., Kriska, A. M., & LaPorte, R. E. (1995) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/00005768-199512000-00010 · Cited by 176 · see citing works
Kolbe, L. J. (1990) · Health Education · doi:10.1080/00970050.1990.10614591 · Cited by 161 · see citing works
Melnick, M. J., Sabo, D., & Vanfossen, B. E. (1992) · PubMed · Cited by 119 · see citing works
Snyder, E. E., & Spreitzer, E. A. (1990) · Youth & Society · doi:10.1177/0044118x90021003005 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Sabo, D., Melnick, M. J., & Vanfossen, B. E. (1993) · Sociology of Sport Journal · doi:10.1123/ssj.10.1.44 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Substance Use and Other Health Risk Behaviors in Collegiate Athletes
Kokotailo, P. K., Henry, B., Koscik, R. E., Fleming, M. F., & Landry, G. L. (1996) · Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine · doi:10.1097/00042752-199607000-00008 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Winnail, S. D., Valois, R. F., McKeown, R. E., Saunders, R. P., & PATE, R. R. (1995) · Journal of School Health · doi:10.1111/j.1746-1561.1995.tb08209.x · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Self-citationTobacco use among male high school athletes
Davis, T. C., Arnold, C. L., Nandy, I. M., et al. (1997) · Journal of Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/s1054-139x(97)00032-3 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Youth Sport Participation and Deviant Behavior
Hastad, D. N., Segrave, J. O., Pangrazi, R. P., et al. (1984) · Sociology of Sport Journal · doi:10.1123/ssj.1.4.366 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Quality assessment of fetal death records in Georgia: a method for improvement.
Gaudino, J. A., Blackmore-Prince, C., Yip, R., et al. (1997) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.87.8.1323 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Studies raise doubts about benefit of athletics in reducing unhealthy behavior among adolescents
Skolnick, A. A. (1993) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.270.7.798 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
D’Elio, M. A., Mundt, D. J., Bush, P. J., & Iannotti, R. J. (1993) · American Journal of Health Promotion · doi:10.4278/0890-1171-7.5.354 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Preparticipation Screening of Children for Sports
Bratton, R. L. (1997) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.2165/00007256-199724050-00002 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Thein, L. A., & Thein, J. M. (1996) · Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy · doi:10.2519/jospt.1996.23.2.134 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Participation in High School Sports and Adolescent Sexual Activity
Smith, E. A., & Caldwell, L. L. (1994) · Pediatric Exercise Science · doi:10.1123/pes.6.1.69 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Pate (2006) · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.106.177052 · Cited by 755 · see citing works
Feasibility and Preliminary Outcomes of a School-Based Mindfulness Intervention for Urban Youth
Mendelson, T., Greenberg, M. T., Dariotis, J. K., Gould, L. F., Rhoades, B. L., & Leaf, P. J. (2010) · Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology · doi:10.1007/s10802-010-9418-x · Cited by 538 · see citing works
Nelson, M. C., & Gordon-Larsen, P. (2006) · Pediatrics · doi:10.1542/peds.2005-1692 · Cited by 419 · see citing works
Youth sport: positive and negative impact on young athletes
Merkel, D. (2013) · Open Access Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.2147/oajsm.s33556 · Cited by 408 · see citing works
Harrison, P. A., & Narayan, G. (2003) · Journal of School Health · doi:10.1111/j.1746-1561.2003.tb03585.x · Cited by 354 · see citing works
Lisha, N. E., & Sussman, S. (2010) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2009.12.032 · Cited by 357 · see citing works
Organized Sports for Children, Preadolescents, and Adolescents
Logan, K., Cuff, S., COUNCIL ON SPORTS MEDICINE AND FITNESS, LaBella, C. R., Brooks, M. A., Canty, G., Diamond, A. B., Hennrikus, W., Moffatt, K., Nemeth, B. A., et al. (2019) · Pediatrics · doi:10.1542/peds.2019-0997 · Cited by 261 · see citing works
Patterns and Determinants of Physical Activity in U.S. Adolescents
Kahn, J. A., Huang, B., Gillman, M. W., Field, A. E., Austin, S. B., Colditz, G. A., & Frazier, A. L. (2008) · Journal of Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2007.11.143 · Cited by 209 · see citing works
Relationships Between Youth Sport Participation and Selected Health Risk Behaviors From 1999 to 2007
Taliaferro, L. A., Rienzo, B. A., & Donovan, K. A. (2010) · Journal of School Health · doi:10.1111/j.1746-1561.2010.00520.x · Cited by 164 · see citing works
Bocarro, J. N., Kanters, M. A., Cerin, E., Floyd, M. F., Casper, J. M., Suau, L. J., & McKenzie, T. L. (2012) · Health & Place · doi:10.1016/j.healthplace.2011.08.007 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Dunn, M. S. (2014) · Psychological Reports · doi:10.2466/18.06.pr0.114k28w7 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Monge-Rojas, R., Garita-Arce, C., Sánchez-López, M., & Colón-Ramos, U. (2009) · Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.jneb.2008.03.002 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Shenoi, R. P., Linakis, J. G., Bromberg, J. R., Casper, T. C., Richards, R., Chun, T. H., Gonzalez, V. M., Mello, M. J., & Spirito, A. (2022) · Clinical Pediatrics · doi:10.1177/00099228221075094 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
- Authors
- Pate, R. R., Trost, S. G., Levin, S., & Dowda, M.
- Affiliations
- University of South Carolina (US)
- Venue
- Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine
- Publisher
- American Medical Association (AMA)
- Published
- 2000-09-01
- Volume
- 154
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 904
- ISSN
- 1072-4710 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2111371944
- Cited by
- 503
- References
- 32
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 26 · 2020: 28 · 2019: 28 · 2018: 23 · 2017: 20 · 2016: 18 · 2015: 33 · 2014: 31 · 2013: 29 · 2012: 23
- FWCI
- 53.68
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Scholar Commons (University of South Carolina) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Public Health Service (U48/CCU-409664)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Life-span and Life-course Studies › Sports and Physical Education Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
- Social Sciences › Safety Research › Youth Development and Social Support
- Keywords
- sports participation, youth health behavior, high school students, adolescent diet, fruit and vegetable intake, tobacco use, alcohol consumption, illicit drug use, adolescent sexual activity, violence, weight loss practices, sex differences, ethnic differences, African American youth, Latino youth
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adolescent Behavior, Psychology, Adolescent, Attitude to Health, Cross-Sectional Studies, Diet, Female, Health Surveys, Humans, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Life Style, Male, Sports, Students, United States, Violence, Health Behavior, Cluster Analysis, Substance-Related Disorders
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
