CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 43Cardiac Health and Mental HealthPeripheral Artery Disease ManagementVascular Procedures and Complications

Type D Personality and Mortality in Peripheral Arterial Disease: A Pilot Study

Aquarius, Annelies E.·2009·Archives of Surgery
DOI 10.1001/archsurg.2009.75
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Type D personality refers to the tendency to experience negative emotions and to inhibit self-expression in social interaction and has been shown to be an independent predictor of mortality in cardiac disease. Information about the effects of psychological traits on prognosis is lacking in cases of peripheral arterial disease (PAD). OBJECTIVE: To examine whether type D personality predicts all-cause mortality in PAD. DESIGN: Pilot follow-up study. SETTING: Vascular surgery department of a teaching hospital. PATIENTS: A total of 184 patients with symptomatic PAD (mean [SD] age, 64.8 [9.8] years) were followed up for 4 years (interquartile range, 3.5-4.5 years). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Patients completed the type D Scale-14 measure of type D personality at baseline. Information about all-cause mortality was obtained from patient medical files. RESULTS: During 4-year follow-up, 16 patients (8.7%) died. Adjusting for age and sex, type D personality was predictive of mortality (P = .03). Ankle-brachial index (P = .05), age (P = .009), diabetes mellitus (P = .02), pulmonary disease (P = .09), and renal disease (P = .02) were also predictive of mortality. Multivariable logistic regression revealed that age, diabetes, and renal disease were independent predictors of all-cause mortality (odds ratios, 1.1-2.3). After adjustment for these clinical predictors, patients with type D personality still had a more than 3-fold increased risk of death (odds ratio, 3.5; 95% confidence interval, 1.1-11.1; P = .04). CONCLUSIONS: Type D personality predicts an increased risk of all-cause mortality in PAD, above and beyond traditional risk factors. Further research is needed to confirm these findings, but this pilot study suggests that the assessment of type D personality may be useful for detecting high-risk patients with PAD.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1001/archsurg.2009.75

Cites

44 of 44 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Related

Authors
Aquarius, A. E.
Affiliations
Tilburg University (NL)
Corresponding author
Aquarius, Annelies E.
Venue
Archives of Surgery
Publisher
American Medical Association (AMA)
Published
2009-08-14
Volume
144
Issue
8
Pages
728
ISSN
0004-0010 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1001/archsurg.2009.75
OpenAlex
W2086708235
Cited by
43
References
44
Citations by year
2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2022: 2 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 9
FWCI
4.54
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Archives of Surgery (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiac Health and Mental Health
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Peripheral Artery Disease Management
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Vascular Procedures and Complications
Keywords
Type D personality, peripheral arterial disease, all-cause mortality, psychological characteristics, risk prediction, ankle-brachial index, diabetes mellitus, kidney disease, high-risk patient identification
MeSH terms
Aged, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Personality, Pilot Projects, Prognosis, Quality of Life, Risk Factors, Comorbidity, Logistic Models, Peripheral Vascular Diseases, Ankle Brachial Index

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review