The DOI matches its Crossref record; 16 of the 16 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The Relation of Endometriosis to Menstrual Characteristics, Smoking, and Exercise
Abstract
We compared menstrual characteristics and constitutional factors in 268 white women with primary infertility due to endometriosis and in 3,794 white women admitted for delivery at seven collaborating hospitals from 1981 to 1983. Adjusting for confounding factors, including location, age, religion, and education, women with short-cycle lengths (less than or equal to 27 days) and longer flow (greater than or equal to one week) had more than double the risk for endometriosis compared with women with longer cycle lengths and shorter duration of flow. There was a trend for increasing risk for endometriosis to be associated with increasing menstrual pain. Adjusting for these menstrual characteristics, we found decreased risk for endometriosis associated with smoking or exercise that was largely confined to women who began either habit at an early age and were heavier smokers or more strenuous exercisers. We conclude that risk for endometriosis may relate to menstrual factors that predispose to greater pelvic contamination with menstrual products and to constitutional factors that influence endogenous hormonal levels.
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“epidemiological studies analyzing the cycle of women with endometriosis have shown that the early first cycle (before the age of 11) is associated with the risk of endometriosis [43,44,45,46]”
From Endometriosis: Epidemiology, Classification, Pathogenesis, Treatment and Genetics (Review of Literature) (2021) · cites this paper as [43]
Citations
Cites
Cigarette Smoking and Urinary Estrogens
MacMahon, B., Trichopoulos, D., Cole, P., & Brown, J. (1982) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm198210213071707 · Cited by 404
The development of the implantation theory for the origin of peritoneal endometriosis
Sampson, J. A. (1940) · American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/s0002-9378(40)91238-8 · Cited by 348
Menstrual Dysfunction in Distance Runners
Dale, E., Gerlach, D. H., & WILHITE, A. L. (1979) · Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1097/00006250-197907000-00013 · Cited by 302
Endometriosis: Role of Ovarian Steroids in Initiation, Maintenance, and Suppression
diZerega, G. S., Barber, D. L., & Hodgen, G. D. (1980) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/s0015-0282(16)44780-1 · Cited by 290
Exercise-associated amenorrhea: A distinct entity?
Schwartz, B., Cumming, D. C., Riordan, E., Selye, M., Yen, S. S. C., & Rebar, R. W. (1981) · American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/s0002-9378(15)33308-1 · Cited by 208
Effect of body weight reduction on plasma androgens in obese, infertile women
Bates, G. W., & Whitworth, N. S. (1982) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/s0015-0282(16)46571-4 · Cited by 183
Endometriosis in 1,000 consecutive celiotomies: Incidence and management
Williams, T. J., & PRATT, J. H. (1977) · American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/0002-9378(77)90773-6 · Cited by 182
Origin of endometriosis from the mesenchyme of the celomic walls
Gruenwald, P. (1942) · American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/s0002-9378(42)90484-8 · Cited by 179
Baker, E. R., Mathur, R. S., Kirk, R. F., & Williamson, H. O. (1981) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/s0015-0282(16)45676-1 · Cited by 172
Tubal infertility and the intrauterine device
Cramer, D. W., Schiff, I., Schoenbaum, S. C., Gibson, M., Bélisle, S., Albrecht, B. H., Stillman, R. J., Berger, M. J., Wilson, E. A., Stadel, B. V., et al. (1985) · Studies in Family Planning · doi:10.2307/1967088 · Cited by 168
Cited by
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Endometriosis: pathogenesis and treatment
Vercellini, P., Viganò, P., Somigliana, E., & Fedele, L. (2014) · Nature Reviews Endocrinology · doi:10.1038/nrendo.2013.255 · Cited by 1,940
Eskenazi, B., & Warner, M. L. (1997) · Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/s0889-8545(05)70302-8 · Cited by 1,617
Nisolle, M., & Donnez, J. (1997) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/s0015-0282(97)00191-x · Cited by 1,279
Zondervan, K. T., Becker, C. M., Koga, K., Missmer, S. A., Taylor, R. N., & Viganò, P. (2018) · Nature Reviews Disease Primers · doi:10.1038/s41572-018-0008-5 · Cited by 1,257
Risk for and consequences of endometriosis: A critical epidemiologic review
Shafrir, A. L., Farland, L. V., Shah, D. K., Harris, H. R., Kvaskoff, M., Zondervan, K., & Missmer, S. A. (2018) · Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology · doi:10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2018.06.001 · Cited by 823
Metadata
- Authors
- Cramer, D. W.
- Corresponding author
- Cramer, Daniel W.
- ORCID
- Cramer, Daniel W.
- Venue
- JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association
- Publisher
- American Medical Association (AMA)
- Published
- 1986-04-11
- Volume
- 255
- Issue
- 14
- Pages
- 1904
- ISSN
- 0002-9955 (ISSN-L)
- 0098-7484
- OpenAlex
- W2015536508
- Cited by
- 367
- References
- 16
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 4.78
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- JAMA (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (n01hd002822-007)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (N01-HD-02822)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Endometriosis Research and Treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Menstrual Health and Disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Gynecological conditions and treatments
- Keywords
- endometriosis, menstrual characteristics, menstrual cycle length, menstrual flow, dysmenorrhea, smoking, physical activity, primary infertility, risk factors, endogenous hormones
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Endometriosis, Physical Exertion, Female, Humans, Menstruation Disturbances, Pregnancy, Risk, Smoking
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