Early menstrual characteristics associated with subsequent diagnosis of endometriosis
Open accessAbstract
Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the association between early menstrual characteristics, before symptom onset, and later diagnosis of endometriosis. Study design This was a case-control study of 268 Australian women with surgically confirmed moderate-to-severe endometriosis (cases) and 244 women without endometriosis (controls). Early menstrual cycle characteristics, before age at symptom onset, were analyzed. Results Menarche after age 14 years was strongly and inversely associated with endometriosis (odds ratio, 0.3; 95% confidence interval, 0.1-0.6). A history of dysmenorrhea was associated with subsequent endometriosis (odds ratio, 2.6; 95% confidence interval, 1.1-6.2). Despite a suggestive trend, shorter menstrual cycle length was not associated with endometriosis. Duration of natural menstruation and heaviness of flow were not associated with subsequent risk of endometriosis; neither was the reported type of sanitary protection used nor history of sexual intercourse during menstruation. Conclusion There is a decreased risk of endometriosis with late age at menarche and an increased risk in women who report an early history of dysmenorrhea.
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In adolescents, cyclical pelvic pain is suggestive of the presence of endometriosis.
“In adolescents, clinicians should take a careful history and consider the following symptoms as suggestive of the presence of endometriosis: chronic or acyclical pelvic pain, particularly combined with nausea, dysmenorrhoea, dyschezia, dysuria, dyspareunia;cyclical pelvic pain (Greene et al., 2009; Treloar et al., 2010; Vicino et al., 2010; Yang et al., 2012; DiVasta et al., 2018).”
From ESHRE guideline: endometriosis (2022) · cites this paper as Treloar et al., 2010
In adolescents, chronic or acyclical pelvic pain, particularly combined with nausea, dysmenorrhoea, dyschezia, dysuria, dyspareunia, is suggestive of the presence of endometriosis.
“In adolescents, clinicians should take a careful history and consider the following symptoms as suggestive of the presence of endometriosis: chronic or acyclical pelvic pain, particularly combined with nausea, dysmenorrhoea, dyschezia, dysuria, dyspareunia;cyclical pelvic pain (Greene et al., 2009; Treloar et al., 2010; Vicino et al., 2010; Yang et al., 2012; DiVasta et al., 2018).”
From ESHRE guideline: endometriosis (2022) · cites this paper as Treloar et al., 2010
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ESHRE guideline: endometriosis
Becker, C. M., Bokor, A., Heikinheimo, O., Horne, A., Jansen, F., Kiesel, L., King, K., Kvaskoff, M., Nap, A., Petersen, K., et al. (2022) · Human Reproduction Open · doi:10.1093/hropen/hoac009 · Cited by 1,712 · see citing works
“…as suggestive of the presence of endometriosis: chronic or acyclical pelvic pain, particularly combined with nausea, dysmenorrhoea, dyschezia, dysuria, dyspareunia; cyclical pelvic pain (Greene et al. , 2009; Treloar et al. , 2010; Vicino et al. , 2010; Yang et al. , 2012; DiVasta et al. , 2018).”
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Candidate genes for age at menarche are associated with endometriosis
Ponomarenko, I., Reshetnikov, E., Polonikov, A., Verzilina, I., Sorokina, I., Elgaeva, E. E., Tsepilov, Y. A., Yermachenko, A., Dvornyk, V., & Churnosov, M. (2020) · Reproductive BioMedicine Online · doi:10.1016/j.rbmo.2020.04.016 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
New treatment strategies and emerging drugs in endometriosis
Streuli, I., de Ziegler, D., Borghese, B., Santulli, P., Batteux, F., & Chapron, C. (2012) · Expert Opinion on Emerging Drugs · doi:10.1517/14728214.2012.668885 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
- Authors
- Treloar, S. A., Bell, T. A., Nagle, C. M., Purdie, D. M., & Green, A. C.
- Affiliations
- The University of Queensland (AU)
- Central Queensland University (AU)
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute (AU)
- Genentech (US)
- Corresponding author
- Treloar, Susan A.
- Venue
- American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2010-06
- Volume
- 202
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 534.e1-534.e6
- ISSN
- 0002-9378 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2006504717
- Cited by
- 147
- References
- 5
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 11
- FWCI
- 7.88
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- figshare.com
- Licence
- Locations
- American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Explorer (The University of Manchester) (publishedVersion)
- Acquire (CQUniversity) (submittedVersion)
- Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Endometriosis Research and Treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Menstrual Health and Disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Gynecological conditions and treatments
- Keywords
- endometriosis, menstrual characteristics, age at menarche, late menarche, dysmenorrhea, menstrual cycle length, menstrual flow, risk factors
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Australia, Child, Dysmenorrhea, Endometriosis, Female, Health Surveys, Humans, Menarche, Menstrual Cycle, Middle Aged, Surveys and Questionnaires, Odds Ratio, Case-Control Studies, Age of Onset
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