Cited by 410Smoking Behavior and CessationSubstance Abuse Treatment and OutcomesChronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research

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Heavy Smokers, Smoking Cessation, and Clonidine: Results of a Double-blind, Randomized Trial

Glassman, Alexander H.·1988·JAMA

DOI 10.1001/jama.1988.03720190031026

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Abstract

Seventy-one heavy smokers who had failed in previous attempts to stop smoking participated in a randomized clinical trial to test the efficacy of clonidine as an aid in smoking cessation. The success rate in clonidine-treated subjects (verified by serum cotinine concentration) was more than twice that in the placebo-treated subjects. When the data were stratified by gender, a strong effect present in women was not apparent in men. After six months, cessation rates remained significantly higher among smokers treated with clonidine than those receiving placebo. The data also revealed an unexpectedly high prevalence (61%) of a history of major depression in this sample and a significant negative effect of such a history on cessation regardless of treatment. These findings, highly suggestive of an important role of clonidine in smoking cessation, warrant further studies to establish the long-term (greater than or equal to 12 months) efficacy of this drug and to replicate the association between nicotine dependence and depression.

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Systematic review and meta-analysis of the impact of depression on subsequent smoking cessation in patients with chronic respiratory conditions
Ho, S. Y., Alnashri, N., Rohde, D., Murphy, P., & Doyle, F. (2015) · General Hospital Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2015.05.002 · Cited by 14
“Given the high prevalence of depression in respiratory patients, and the impact of depression on outcomes such as health status, health behaviours and mortality [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8], [9], [10], [11], [12], [13], [14], [15], [16], [17], [18] and [19], this underscores the need for clinicians to addres…”
Background
Combining clonidine and nicotine replacement for treatment of nicotine withdrawal.
Sees, K. L., & Stalcup, S. (1989) · Journal of Psychoactive Drugs · doi:10.1080/02791072.1989.10472177 · Cited by 15
Advances in Non-Nicotine Pharmacotherapy for Smoking Cessation
Covey, L. S., Sullivan, M. A., Johnston, J. A., Glassman, A. H., Robinson, M. D., & Adams, D. P. (2000) · Drugs · doi:10.2165/00003495-200059010-00003 · Cited by 62
“These encouraging results led to a randomised trial for smoking cessation in which 71 smokers were assigned to receive either clonidine or placebo for 4 weeks with adjunctive individual behaviour therapy.[13] In this study, the clonidine dose was slowly titrated upward from 0.”
BackgroundResultSelf-citation
Serotonin transporter genotype and depressive symptoms moderate effects of nicotine on spatial working memory.
Carlson, J. M., Gilbert, D. G., Riise, H., Rabinovich, N. E., Sugai, C., & Froeliger, B. (2009) · Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1037/a0016384 · Cited by 16
“Smokers with more depressive episodes tend to have greater nicotine dependence (Breslau, Kilbey, & Andreski, 1991), greater tendency to relapse when trying to quit smoking (Glassman et al., 1988), and more depressive episodes when trying to quit smoking (Covey, Glassman, & Stetner, 1997).”
Pharmacologic Treatment of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Past, Present, and Future
Faulkner, M. A., & Hilleman, D. E. (2003) · Pharmacotherapy The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy · doi:10.1592/phco.23.12.1300.32699 · Cited by 13
The Flinders Sensitive Line exhibits enhanced thermic responsiveness to nicotine relative to the Sprague-Dawley rat.
Dilsaver, S., Peck, J., & Overstreet, D. (1992) · Pharmacology, Biochemistry and Behavior · doi:10.1016/0091-3057(92)90053-i · Cited by 14
Evaluation of Sex Differences in the Elasticity of Demand for Nicotine and Food in Rats
Chellian, R., Wilson, R., Polmann, M. B., Knight, P., Behnood‐Rod, A., & Bruijnzeel, A. W. (2019) · Nicotine & Tobacco Research · doi:10.1093/ntr/ntz171 · Cited by 14
The efficacy of the combination of sertraline with buspirone for smoking cessation
Carrão, J. L., Moreira, L. B., & Fuchs, F. D. (2007) · European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.1007/s00406-007-0726-2 · Cited by 15
“Another limitation was the absence of documentation of abstinence by carbon monoxide and cotinine measurement, but a reasonable agreement between informed and measured compliance with the recommendation to stop smoking has been reported [14, 25].”
Background
Smoking status and substance abuse severity in a residential treatment sample
Krejci, J. A., Steinberg, M. L., & Ziedonis, D. M. (2003) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2003.07.003 · Cited by 12
“Fourth, our failure to detect a relationship between lifetime depression and smoking is surprising given the well-established relationship between these variables (George and Krystal, 2000; Glassman et al., 1988) and should be interpreted with caution.”
Background
Smoking and Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Women
Chesney, M., & Nealey, J. B. (1996) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-0-585-27572-7_11 · Cited by 13
“Consistent with this finding, individuals with a history of major depressive disorder are overrepresented in smoking cessation trials ( Glassman et al., 1988; Hall et al., 206 MARGARET A. CHESNEY and JILL B. NEALEY”
Result
Longitudinal Association Between Smoking Abstinence and Depression Severity in Those With Baseline Current, Past, and No History of Major Depressive Episode in an International Online Tobacco Cessation Study
Liu, N. H., Wu, C., Pérez‐Stable, E. J., & Muñoz, R. F. (2020) · Nicotine & Tobacco Research · doi:10.1093/ntr/ntaa036 · Cited by 16
“The omnibus test for condition was not significant F(3,258)=1, p=.”
Background
Synergistic interaction of smoking and neuroticism as a risk factor in ischaemic heart disease: case-control study
Marušić, A., & Eysenck, H. J. (2001) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/s0191-8869(00)00008-8 · Cited by 8
Tobacco Dependence Treatment in Patients With Heart and Lung Disease: Implications for Intervention and Review of Pharmacological Therapy
Hays, J. T. (2000) · Journal of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation · doi:10.1097/00008483-200007000-00001 · Cited by 13
A summary of the recommendations for smoking cessation interventions: the quality assurance in the treatment of drug dependence project.
Mattick, R., Baillie, A., Digiusto, E., et al. (1994) · Drug and Alcohol Review · doi:10.1080/09595239400185241 · Cited by 12
Use of clonidine in nicotine withdrawal.
Kl, S., & Hw, C. (1988) · Journal of Psychoactive Drugs · doi:10.1080/02791072.1988.10472496 · Cited by 12

Authors: Glassman, A. H.
Corresponding author: Glassman, Alexander H.
Venue: JAMA
Publisher: American Medical Association (AMA)
Published: 1988-05-20
Volume: 259
Issue: 19
Pages: 2863
ISSN: 0002-9955 (ISSN-L)
0098-7484
DOI: 10.1001/jama.1988.03720190031026
OpenAlex: W7214164996
Cited by: 0
References: 0
FWCI: 0.00
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: JAMA (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Smoking Behavior and Cessation
Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research
Keywords: heavy smoking, smoking cessation, clonidine, nicotine dependence, tobacco use

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Heavy Smokers, Smoking Cessation, and Clonidine: Results of a Double-blind, Randomized Trial

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