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Heavy Smokers, Smoking Cessation, and Clonidine: Results of a Double-blind, Randomized Trial
Abstract
Seventy-one heavy smokers who had failed in previous attempts to stop smoking participated in a randomized clinical trial to test the efficacy of clonidine as an aid in smoking cessation. The success rate in clonidine-treated subjects (verified by serum cotinine concentration) was more than twice that in the placebo-treated subjects. When the data were stratified by gender, a strong effect present in women was not apparent in men. After six months, cessation rates remained significantly higher among smokers treated with clonidine than those receiving placebo. The data also revealed an unexpectedly high prevalence (61%) of a history of major depression in this sample and a significant negative effect of such a history on cessation regardless of treatment. These findings, highly suggestive of an important role of clonidine in smoking cessation, warrant further studies to establish the long-term (greater than or equal to 12 months) efficacy of this drug and to replicate the association between nicotine dependence and depression.
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“a majority of smokers enrolled in smoking cessation programs have a history of depressive episodes (Dalack, Glassman, Rivelli, Covey, & Stetner, 1995; Glassman et al., 1988; Lerman et al., 1996)”
From Nicotine addiction and psychiatric disorders (2015) · cites this paper as Glassman et al., 1988
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Self-citationNaloxone precipitates nicotine abstinence syndrome in the rat
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Pomerleau, C. S., Downey, K. K., Snedecor, S. M., Mehringer, A. M., Marks, J. L., & Pomerleau, O. F. (2002) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/s0306-4603(02)00223-x · Cited by 100
A preliminary placebo-controlled trial of selegiline hydrochloride for smoking cessation
George, T. P., Vessicchio, J. C., Termine, A., Jatlow, P. I., Kosten, T. R., & O’Malley, S. S. (2003) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(02)01454-3 · Cited by 100
Addiction in the treatment of pain: Significance, recognition, and management
Savage, S. R. (1993) · Journal of Pain and Symptom Management · doi:10.1016/0885-3924(93)90155-o · Cited by 98
Metadata
- Authors
- Glassman, A. H.
- Corresponding author
- Glassman, Alexander H.
- Venue
- JAMA
- Publisher
- American Medical Association (AMA)
- Published
- 1988-05-20
- Volume
- 259
- Issue
- 19
- Pages
- 2863
- ISSN
- 0002-9955 (ISSN-L)
- 0098-7484
- OpenAlex
- W7214164996
- Cited by
- 0
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 0.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- JAMA (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Smoking Behavior and Cessation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research
- Keywords
- heavy smoking, smoking cessation, clonidine, nicotine dependence, tobacco use
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
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