CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 726Mental Health Treatment and AccessTreatment of Major DepressionAnxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 21 of the 22 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Service Utilization and Social Morbidity Associated With Depressive Symptoms in the Community

Johnson, Jim·1992·JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association
DOI 10.1001/jama.1992.03480110054033
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To estimate service utilization and social morbidity in the community associated with depressive symptoms. Estimates were made using an epidemiologic measure, population attributable risk. Population attributable risk is a compound measure reflecting both the morbid risk to an individual with a disorder and the prevalence of the disorder in the community. DESIGN: Epidemiologic survey. PARTICIPANTS: Eighteen thousand five hundred seventy-one adults in the Epidemiologic Catchment Area Study interviewed from a complex random sample in five US communities. OUTCOME MEASURES: Suicide attempts, use of psychoactive medications, self-reported physical and emotional health, time lost from work, and general medical services or use of emergency departments for emotional problems. RESULTS: Major depression-dysthymia (lifetime prevalence, 6.1%) and depressive symptoms (lifetime prevalence, 23.1%) were associated with increased service utilization and social morbidity as measured by the outcome variables. On a population basis, however, as much or more service burden and impairment was associated with depressive symptoms as with the clinical conditions of depression or dysthymia. The equal association results from the greater prevalence of depressive symptoms. Population attributable risk percentages associated with depressive symptoms (not disorder) were as follows: emergency department use (11.8%) or medical consultations for emotional problems (21.5%); use of tranquilizers (14.6%), sleeping pills (21.0%), or antidepressants (22.2%); fair or poor self-reported emotional health (15.3%); days lost from work (17.8%); and suicide attempts (25.0%). CONCLUSIONS: Estimates of population attributable risk indicated that physicians actually provided services to more persons with depressive symptoms than to persons with formally defined conditions of depressive disorders. Subclinical depression, as a consequence of high prevalence, is a clinical and public health problem. Attention to diagnostic and treatment issues is indicated.

Overview

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1001/jama.1992.03480110054033

Cites

21 of 21 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Verification

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Citations

Cites

Show all 22 references

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Items 101–200 of 717

Related

See all

Metadata

Authors
Johnson, J.
Affiliations
Columbia University (US)
Corresponding author
Johnson, Jim
Venue
JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association
Publisher
American Medical Association (AMA)
Published
1992-03-18
Volume
267
Issue
11
Pages
1478
ISSN
  • 0002-9955 (ISSN-L)
  • 0098-7484
DOI
10.1001/jama.1992.03480110054033
OpenAlex
W2005571121
Cited by
726
References
22
Citations by year
2025: 5 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 22 · 2012: 18
FWCI
59.12
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • JAMA (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health (5r01mh043525-02)
  • National Institute of Mental Health (5R01 MH43525-02)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Mental Health Treatment and Access
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology (medical) › Treatment of Major Depression
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Keywords
depressive symptoms, subthreshold depression, major depressive disorder, dysthymia, service utilization, population attributable risk, emergency department utilization, antidepressants, tranquilizers, hypnotics, suicide attempts, absenteeism, community prevalence, Epidemiologic Catchment Area study
MeSH terms
Absenteeism, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Mental Disorders, Catchment Area, Health, Depression, Depressive Disorder, Emergency Service, Hospital, Female, Humans, Male, Mental Health Services, Middle Aged, Office Visits, Risk, United States, Comorbidity, Prevalence, Treatment Outcome

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review