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Cited by 1,695Ethics in Clinical ResearchEthics and bioethics in healthcareBiomedical Ethics and Regulation

World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki: Ethical Principles for Medical Research Involving Human Participants

World Medical Association·2025·JAMA
DOI 10.1001/jama.2024.21972
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Abstract

This JAMA Special Communication presents the 2024 revision of the World Medical Association’s Declaration of Helsinki, a set of principles to guide the ethical treatment of participants in medical research.

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Crossref · 10.1001/jama.2024.21972

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  • The study adhered to established ethical guidelines and received approval from the relevant Institutional Review Board.

    “The study adhered to established ethical guidelines [3] and received approval from the relevant Institutional Review Board (IRB).”

    From How Do Human Creators Embrace Human-AI Co-Creation? A Perspective on Human Agency of Screenwriters (2026) · cites this paper as [3]

  • The study was conducted after approval from the ethics committees of the local committee of the Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Kef, Tunisia, and in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.

    “The study was conducted after approval from the ethics committees of the local committee of the Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Kef, Tunisia, with reference number Sp-0030⁄2024 dated 10 February 2024. The study was carried out in accordance with the latest Declaration of Helsinki [50].”

    From Validation of the Arabic Version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory-HSS Among Tunisian Medical Residents (A-MBI-MR): Factor Structure, Construct Validity, Reliability, and Gender Invariance (2025) · cites this paper as [50]

  • The study followed widely recognized ethical frameworks, prioritizing safety, rights, and dignity of participants.

    “The study followed widely recognized ethical frameworks [5], prioritizing the safety, rights, and dignity of all participants.”

    From Understanding Screenwriters' Practices, Attitudes, and Future Expectations in Human-AI Co-Creation (2025) · cites this paper as [5]

  • SPIRIT 2025 encompasses and builds upon recommendations from the International Council for Harmonization Good Clinical Practice E6(R3) guidance and 2024 Declaration of Helsinki, including the Declaration of Helsinki's requirement that the protocol address potential conflicts of interest and provision of post-trial care.

    “SPIRIT 2025 encompasses and builds upon recommendations from the International Council for Harmonization Good Clinical Practice E6(R3) guidance36 and 2024 Declaration of Helsinki,32 including the Declaration of Helsinki’s requirement that the protocol address potential conflicts of interest and provision of post-trial care.”

    From SPIRIT 2025 statement: updated guideline for protocols of randomised trials (2025) · cites this paper as [32]

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Authors
World Medical Association
Corresponding author
World Medical Association
Venue
JAMA
Publisher
American Medical Association (AMA)
Published
2025-01-07
Volume
333
Issue
1
Pages
71
ISSN
  • 0002-9955 (ISSN-L)
  • 0098-7484
DOI
10.1001/jama.2024.21972
OpenAlex
W4403560518
Cited by
1,695
References
0
Citations by year
2026: 1088 · 2025: 579 · 2024: 25 · 2017: 1
FWCI
697.88
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • JAMA (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Ethics in Clinical Research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Ethics and bioethics in healthcare
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Biomedical Ethics and Regulation
Keywords
Declaration of Helsinki, research ethics, human subjects research, informed consent, medical research ethics, World Medical Association

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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

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