Accuracy of Self-report in Assessing Fitzpatrick Skin Phototypes I Through VI
Abstract
Importance Determining Fitzpatrick skin phototypes (FST) allows physicians to assess a person's risk of developing sunburn and, by extension, the need for sun protection to prevent the development of skin cancer. Reflectance spectrophotometry objectively measures the melanin index and can assist in determining the accuracy of self-report of FST compared with dermatologist-determined FST. Objectives To assess whether self-reported or dermatologist-determined FST is more accurate in identifying a participant's FST for FST I through VI and to assess the relevance of the burning and tanning measures for a range of skin types among ethnically diverse participants. Design and setting A convenience sample of participants in an observational study from June 2, 2010, through December 15, 2010, at an ambulatory academic dermatologic practice and employee health center in an urban city. Participants Participants, staff, and students of Northwestern University, who self-identified as being non-Hispanic white, Hispanic or Latino, Asian or Pacific Islander, or black. Main outcomes and measures Melanin index as measured with reflectance spectrophotometry compared with dermatologist- and participant-determined FST. Results Forty-two percent (114 of 270) of the participants' responses to the burning and tanning questions could not be classified using standard FST definitions. The spectrophotometry measurements for dermatologist-determined FST were significantly different for FST III and IV (P…
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The inter-rater reliability of dermatologists is known to be suboptimal, particularly for darker tones between III and IV and IV and V.
“Further, the inter-rater reliability of dermatologists is known to be suboptimal, particularly for darker tones between III and IV and IV and V [27].”
From Investigating the accuracy of blood oxygen saturation measurements in common consumer smartwatches (2023) · cites this paper as [27]
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- Authors
- Eilers, S., Bach, D. Q., Gaber, R., Blatt, H., Guevara, Y., Nitsche, K., Kundu, R. V., & Robinson, J. K.
- Affiliations
- Northwestern University (US)
- Venue
- JAMA Dermatology
- Publisher
- American Medical Association (AMA)
- Published
- 2013-11-01
- Volume
- 149
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 1289
- ISSN
- 2168-6068 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1982770101
- Cited by
- 191
- References
- 27
- Citations by year
- 2026: 15 · 2025: 19 · 2024: 29 · 2023: 26 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 1
- FWCI
- 4.06
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- JAMA Dermatology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (P30AR057216)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › melanin and skin pigmentation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Dermatology › Skin Protection and Aging
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cutaneous Melanoma Detection and Management
- Keywords
- Fitzpatrick skin type, self-report accuracy, reflectance spectrophotometry, melanin index, sunburn risk, sun protection, skin cancer prevention, skin of color, ethnic diversity, skin type classification, sun protection behavior
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Ethnicity, Humans, Melanins, Middle Aged, Predictive Value of Tests, Risk Factors, Severity of Illness Index, Skin Neoplasms, Skin Pigmentation, Spectrophotometry, Sunlight, Reproducibility of Results, Skin Irritancy Tests, Young Adult, Self Report
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
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