Cited by 72Opioid Use Disorder TreatmentSubstance Abuse Treatment and OutcomesHIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk

Projected estimates of opioid mortality after community-level interventions.

Open access
Linas, Benjamin P., Savinkina, Alexandra, Madushani, R. W. M. A., Wang, Jianing, Eftekhari Yazdi, Golnaz, Chatterjee, Avik, Walley, Alexander Y., Morgan, Jake R. +7 more·2021·JAMA Network Open

Abstract

Importance: The United States is experiencing a crisis of opioid overdose. In response, the US Department of Health and Human Services has defined a goal to reduce overdose mortality by 40% by 2022. Objective: To identify specific combinations of 3 interventions (initiating more people to medications for opioid use disorder [MOUD], increasing 6-month retention with MOUD, and increasing naloxone distribution) associated with at least a 40% reduction in opioid overdose in simulated populations. Design, Setting, and Participants: This decision analytical model used a dynamic population-level state-transition model to project outcomes over a 2-year horizon. Each intervention scenario was compared with the counterfactual of no intervention in simulated urban and rural communities in Massachusetts. Simulation modeling was used to determine the associations of community-level interventions with opioid overdose rates. The 3 examined interventions were initiation of more people to MOUD, increasing individuals' retention with MOUD, and increasing distribution of naloxone. Data were analyzed from July to November 2020. Main Outcomes and Measures: Reduction in overdose mortality, medication treatment capacity needs, and naloxone needs. Results: No single intervention was associated with a 40% reduction in overdose mortality in the simulated communities. Reaching this goal required use of MOUD and naloxone. Achieving a 40% reduction required that 10% to 15% of the estimated OUD population not already receiving MOUD initiate MOUD every month, with 45% to 60%% retention for at least 6 months, and increased naloxone distribution. In all feasible settings and scenarios, attaining a 40% reduction in overdose mortality required that in every month, at least 10% of the population with OUD who were not currently receiving treatment initiate an MOUD. Conclusions and Relevance: In this modeling study, only communities with increased capacity for treating with MOUD and increased MOUD retention experienced a 40% decrease in overdose mortality. These findings could provide a framework for developing community-level interventions to reduce opioid overdose death.

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Authors
Linas, B. P., Savinkina, A., Madushani, R. W. M. A., Wang, J., Eftekhari Yazdi, G., Chatterjee, A., Walley, A. Y., Morgan, J. R., Epstein, R. L., Assoumou, S. A., Murphy, S. M., Schackman, B. R., Chrysanthopoulou, S. A., White, L. F., & Barocas, J. A.
Affiliations
  • Boston University (US)
  • Boston Medical Center (US)
  • Section of Infectious Diseases, Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
  • Brown University (US)
Corresponding author
Linas, Benjamin P.
Venue
JAMA Network Open
Published
2021-02-15
Volume
4
Issue
2
Pages
e2037259
ISSN
2574-3805 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W3132147424
Cited by
72
References
42
Citations by year
2026: 4 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 8
FWCI
11.46
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
cc-by
Locations
  • JAMA Network Open (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institute on Drug Abuse (DP2DA051864, K01DA051684, R01DA046527, P30DA040500)
  • National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (P30AI042853)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Opioid Use Disorder Treatment
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
Keywords
opioid overdose deaths, opioid use disorder, medication-assisted treatment, naloxone distribution, treatment retention, community-level interventions, overdose prevention, state transition model, rural and urban communities, Massachusetts
MeSH terms
Retention in Care, Opiate Overdose, Computer Simulation, Decision Support Techniques, Humans, Massachusetts, Naloxone, Narcotic Antagonists, Rural Population, Urban Population, Opiate Substitution Treatment

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