Contingency management for treatment of substance use disorders: a meta‐analysis

Prendergast, Michael; Podus, Deborah; Finney, John; Greenwell, Lisa; Roll, John

doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2006.01581.x

Cited by 881Substance Abuse Treatment and OutcomesBehavioral and Psychological StudiesOpioid Use Disorder Treatment

Contingency management for treatment of substance use disorders: a meta‐analysis

Prendergast, Michael, Podus, Deborah, Finney, John, Greenwell, Lisa, Roll, John·2006·Addiction

DOI 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2006.01581.x

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Abstract

Aims To examine the effectiveness of contingency management (CM) techniques in treating substance use disorders (i.e. illicit drugs, alcohol, tobacco). Design Meta‐analysis was used to determine the average effect size and potential moderators in 47 comparisons of the effectiveness of CM from studies based on a treatment–control group design and published between 1970 and 2002. Findings The mean effect size (ES) of CM was positive, with a magnitude of d = 0.42 using a fixed effects model. The magnitude of the ES declined over time, following treatment. CM was more effective in treating opiate use (d = 0.65) and cocaine use (d = 0.66), compared with tobacco (d = 0.31) or multiple drugs (d = 0.42). Larger effect sizes were associated with higher researcher involvement, earlier studies and shorter treatment duration. Conclusions Study findings suggest that CM is among the more effective approaches to promoting abstinence during the treatment of substance use disorders. CM improves the ability of clients to remain abstinent, thereby allowing them to take fuller advantage of other clinical treatment components.

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Cognitive-Behavioral Treatment With Adult Alcohol and Illicit Drug Users: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
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Contingency Management for the Treatment of Methamphetamine Use Disorders
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Contingency management treatment for substance use disorders: How far has it come, and where does it need to go?
Petry, N. M., Alessi, S. M., Olmstead, T. A., Rash, C. J., & Zajac, K. (2017) · Psychology of Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1037/adb0000287 · Cited by 197 · see citing works
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Noninvasive brain stimulation treatments for addiction and major depression
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Contingency management for the treatment of methamphetamine use disorder: A systematic review
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Drug Policy and the Public Good
Babor, T. F., Caulkins, J. P., Edwards, G., Fischer, B., FOXCROFT, D. R., Humphreys, K. N., Obot, I. S., Rehm, J. T., Reuter, P., Room, R., et al. (2009) · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199557127.001.0001 · Cited by 169 · see citing works
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Finding The “Self” in Self-Regulation: The Identity-Value Model
Berkman, E. T., Livingston, J., & Kahn, L. E. (2017) · Psychological Inquiry · doi:10.1080/1047840x.2017.1323463 · Cited by 172 · see citing works
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Principles of Social Psychiatry
Knapp, M. R. J., & Beecham, J. K. (2010) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9780470684214 · Cited by 167 · see citing works
Suicide Risk and Addiction: The Impact of Alcohol and Opioid Use Disorders
Rizk, M., Herzog, S., Dugad, S., & Stanley, B. (2021) · Current Addiction Reports · doi:10.1007/s40429-021-00361-z · Cited by 175 · see citing works
Persisting Reductions in Cannabis, Opioid, and Stimulant Misuse After Naturalistic Psychedelic Use: An Online Survey
Garcia‐Romeu, A., Davis, A. K., Erowid, E., Erowid, F., Griffiths, R. R., & Johnson, M. W. (2020) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00955 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
Evidence Based Psychosocial Interventions in Substance Use
Jhanjee, S. (2014) · Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine · doi:10.4103/0253-7176.130960 · Cited by 167 · see citing works
The Behavioral Economics and Neuroeconomics of Alcohol Use Disorders
MacKillop, J. M. (2016) · Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1111/acer.13004 · Cited by 152 · see citing works
Contingency management for alcohol use reduction: A pilot study using a transdermal alcohol sensor
Barnett, N. P., Tidey, J. W., Murphy, J. G., Swift, R. M., & Colby, S. M. (2011) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2011.04.023 · Cited by 145 · see citing works
Addiction and the Brain-Disease Fallacy
Satel, S. L., & Lilienfeld, S. O. (2014) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2013.00141 · Cited by 141 · see citing works
Stimulant Use in Pregnancy: An Under-recognized Epidemic Among Pregnant Women
Smid, M. C., Metz, T. D., & Gordon, A. J. (2019) · Clinical Obstetrics & Gynecology · doi:10.1097/grf.0000000000000418 · Cited by 141 · see citing works
Reducing Appointment No-Shows: Going from Theory to Practice
Molfenter, T. D. (2013) · Substance Use & Misuse · doi:10.3109/10826084.2013.787098 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
The Economics of Risky Health Behaviors
Cawley, J., & Ruhm, C. J. (2011) · National Bureau of Economic Research · doi:10.3386/w17081 · Cited by 140 · see citing works
Behavioral trainings and manipulations to reduce delay discounting: A systematic review
Scholten, H., Scheres, A., de Water, E., Graf, U., Granic, I., & Luijten, M. (2019) · Psychonomic Bulletin & Review · doi:10.3758/s13423-019-01629-2 · Cited by 135 · see citing works
A randomized study of cell phone technology to reinforce alcohol abstinence in the natural environment
Alessi, S. M., & Petry, N. (2013) · Addiction · doi:10.1111/add.12093 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
The use of financial incentives in promoting smoking cessation
Sigmon, S. C., & Patrick, M. E. (2012) · Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2012.04.007 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
The Economics of Risky Health Behaviors
Cawley, J., & Ruhm, C. J. (2011) · Handbook of health economics · doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-53592-4.00003-7 · Cited by 450 · see citing works
Cocaine craving and use during daily life
Preston, K. L., Vahabzadeh, M., Schmittner, J., Lin, J.-L., Gorelick, D. A., & Epstein, D. H. (2009) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-009-1655-8 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Co-Occurrence of Substance use Disorders with other Psychiatric Disorders: Implications for Treatment Services
Morisano, D., Babor, T. F., & Robaina, K. (2014) · Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs · doi:10.2478/nsad-2014-0002 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
Prevention of Problem Gambling: A Comprehensive Review of the Evidence
Williams, R. J. (2008) · Cited by 117 · see citing works
Financial Reinforcers for Improving Medication Adherence: Findings from a Meta-analysis
Petry, N. M., Rash, C. J., Byrne, S., Ashraf, S., & White, W. B. (2012) · The American Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2012.01.003 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
DRUG MISUSE: PSYCHOSOCIAL INTERVENTIONS
Bergmark, A. (2009) · Addiction · doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2009.02554_1.x · Cited by 112 · see citing works
A preliminary randomized controlled trial of contingency management for alcohol use reduction using a transdermal alcohol sensor
Barnett, N. P., Celio, M. A., Tidey, J. W., Murphy, J. G., Colby, S. M., & Swift, R. M. (2017) · Addiction · doi:10.1111/add.13767 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Nationwide dissemination of contingency management: The veterans administration initiative
Petry, N. M., DePhilippis, D., Rash, C. J., Drapkin, M. L., & McKay, J. R. (2014) · American Journal on Addictions · doi:10.1111/j.1521-0391.2014.12092.x · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Randomized trial of contingent prizes versus vouchers in cocaine-using methadone patients.
Petry, N., Alessi, S. M., Hanson, T., & Sierra, S. (2007) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.75.6.983 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
What Works in Substance Abuse Treatment Programs for Offenders?
Bahr, S. J., Masters, A. L., & Taylor, B. M. (2012) · The Prison Journal · doi:10.1177/0032885512438836 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Benefits of Incentives for Breastfeeding and Smoking cessation in pregnancy (BIBS): a mixed-methods study to inform trial design
Morgan, H. M., Hoddinott, P., Thomson, G., Crossland, N., Farrar, S., Yi, D., Hislop, J., Morán, V. H., MacLennan, G., Dombrowski, S. U., et al. (2015) · Health Technology Assessment · doi:10.3310/hta19300 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Use of contingency management incentives to improve completion of hepatitis B vaccination in people undergoing treatment for heroin dependence: a cluster randomised trial
Weaver, T. D., Metrebian, N., Hellier, J. M., Pilling, S., Charles, V., Little, N., Poovendran, D., Mitcheson, L., Ryan, F., Bowden‐Jones, O., et al. (2014) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(14)60196-3 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Contingency Management: New Directions and Remaining Challenges for An Evidence-Based Intervention
Rash, C. J., Stitzer, M. L., & Weinstock, J. (2016) · Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment · doi:10.1016/j.jsat.2016.09.008 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
A review of contingency management for the treatment of substance-use disorders: adaptation for underserved populations, use of experimental technologies, and personalized optimization strategies
McPherson, S., Burduli, E., Smith, C. L., Herron, J. L., Oluwoye, O. A., Hirchak, K. A., Orr, M. F., McDonell, M. G., & Roll, J. M. (2018) · Substance Abuse and Rehabilitation · doi:10.2147/sar.s138439 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
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Internet interventions for adult illicit substance users: a meta‐analysis
Boumparis, N., Karyotaki, E., Schaub, M. P., Cuijpers, P., & Riper, H. (2017) · Addiction · doi:10.1111/add.13819 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
“The value of these incentives typically increase gradually after each negative urine screening [69] 5 567”
Background
Long-term efficacy of contingency management treatment based on objective indicators of abstinence from illicit substance use up to 1 year following treatment: A meta-analysis.
Ginley, M. K., Pfund, R. A., Rash, C. J., & Zajac, K. (2021) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/ccp0000552 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Conditional Economic Incentives to Improve HIV Treatment Adherence: Literature Review and Theoretical Considerations
Galárraga, O., Genberg, B. L., Martin, R. A., Laws, M. B., & Wilson, I. B. (2013) · AIDS and Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10461-013-0415-2 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Exercise as an Adjunctive Treatment for Substance Use Disorders: Rationale and Intervention Description
Weinstock, J., Farney, M. R., Elrod, N. M., Henderson, C. E., & Weiss, E. P. (2016) · Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment · doi:10.1016/j.jsat.2016.09.002 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Psychological interventions potentially useful for increasing conscientiousness.
Javaras, K. N., Williams, M. T., & Baskin-sommers, A. R. (2019) · Personality Disorders Theory Research and Treatment · doi:10.1037/per0000267 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Effectiveness and acceptability of parental financial incentives and quasi-mandatory schemes for increasing uptake of vaccinations in preschool children: systematic review, qualitative study and discrete choice experiment
Adams, J. M., Bateman, B., Becker, F., Cresswell, T., Flynn, D., McNaughton, R. J., Oluboyede, Y., Robalino, S., Ternent, L., Gardner, B., et al. (2015) · Health Technology Assessment · doi:10.3310/hta19940 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
ADHD, altered dopamine neurotransmission, and disrupted reinforcement processes: Implications for smoking and nicotine dependence
Kollins, S. H., & Adcock, R. A. (2014) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2014.02.002 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Integrating HIV Preexposure Prophylaxis With Community-Based Syringe Services for Women Who Inject Drugs: Results From the Project SHE Demonstration Study
Roth, A. M., Tran, N. K., Felsher, M. A., Gadegbeku, A. B., Piecara, B., Fox, R., Krakower, D., Bellamy, S. L., Amico, K. R., Benitez, J., et al. (2020) · JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes · doi:10.1097/qai.0000000000002558 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Contingency management treatments: controversies and challenges
Petry, N. M. (2010) · Addiction · doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2009.02879.x · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Follow-up treatment effects of contingency management and motivational interviewing on substance use: A meta-analysis.
Sayegh, C. S., Huey, S. J., Zara, E. J., & Jhaveri, K. (2017) · Psychology of Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1037/adb0000277 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Use of continuous transdermal alcohol monitoring during a contingency management procedure to reduce excessive alcohol use
Dougherty, D. M., Hill‐Kapturczak, N., Liang, Y., Karns, T. E., Cates, S. E., Lake, S. L., Mullen, J., & Roache, J. D. (2014) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.06.039 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
The Persistent Power of Behavioral Change: Long-Run Impacts of Temporary Savings Subsidies for the Poor
Schaner, S. G. (2018) · American Economic Journal Applied Economics · doi:10.1257/app.20170453 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
The mediating roles of coping, sleep, and anxiety motives in cannabis use and problems among returning veterans with PTSD and MDD.
Metrik, J., Jackson, K. M., Bassett, S. S., Zvolensky, M. J., Seal, K. H., & Borsari, B. E. (2016) · Psychology of Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1037/adb0000210 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
The Effectiveness of Psychosocial Modalities in the Treatment of Alcohol Problems in Adults: A Review of the Evidence
Martin, G. W., & Rehm, J. T. (2012) · The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/070674371205700604 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
The cost-effectiveness of prize-based and voucher-based contingency management in a population of cocaine- or opioid-dependent outpatients
Olmstead, T. A., & Petry, N. M. (2009) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2009.02.005 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
The national implementation of Contingency Management (CM) in the Department of Veterans Affairs: Attendance at CM sessions and substance use outcomes
DePhilippis, D., Petry, N. M., Bonn‐Miller, M. O., Rosenbach, S. B., & McKay, J. R. (2018) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2017.12.020 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
The neuroscience of goals and behavior change.
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Authors: Prendergast, M., Podus, D., Finney, J., Greenwell, L., & Roll, J.
Affiliations: University of California, Los Angeles (US)
VA Palo Alto Health Care System (US)
Washington State University Spokane (US)
Corresponding author: Prendergast, Michael
ORCID: Roll, John
Venue: Addiction
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2006-10-10
Volume: 101
Issue: 11
Pages: 1546-1560
ISSN: 0965-2140 (ISSN-L)
1360-0443
DOI: 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2006.01581.x
OpenAlex: W2095695118
Cited by: 877
References: 107
Citations by year: 2026: 26 · 2025: 36 · 2024: 45 · 2023: 57 · 2022: 42 · 2021: 58 · 2020: 38 · 2019: 54 · 2018: 42 · 2017: 42 · 2016: 59 · 2015: 49 · 2014: 52 · 2013: 44 · 2012: 45
FWCI: 3.85
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor)
Locations: Addiction (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs
Quality Enhancement Research Initiative
National Institute on Drug Abuse (R01DA017407, R01DA017084)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Behavioral and Psychological Studies
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Opioid Use Disorder Treatment
Keywords: contingency management, substance use disorders, abstinence, opiate use, cocaine use, tobacco use, alcohol consumption, treatment effectiveness, moderators of effect size
MeSH terms: Behavior Therapy, Humans, Treatment Outcome, Substance-Related Disorders

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Contingency management for treatment of substance use disorders: a meta‐analysis

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